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The Public Health Risk of Companion Animal to Human Transmission of Antimicrobial Resistance During Different Types of Animal Infection

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Advances in Animal Health, Medicine and Production

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance represents a major threat to human health. As a result, we are faced with potential antimicrobial therapeutic failure, thus forcing physicians to use last resort antimicrobials, such as carbapenems, glycopeptides or polypeptides. During the last fifty years, the number of companion animals has substantially increased and there is a growing concern related to the use of antimicrobials in companion animals as a potential source for antimicrobial resistance to humans. Problems related with antimicrobial resistance and infection control in small animal hospitals are mimicking those in human hospitals. Transmission of pathogens or resistance genes such as methicillin-resistant staphylococci, extended spectrum beta-lactamase- or carbapenemase-producing and colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae between people and their pets have been documented or suggested. The public health risks associated with the transfer of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria from companion animals were recently reviewed by the European Medicine Agency which warned to the existence of antimicrobial resistance microbiological hazards coming from companion animals to humans. The magnitude to which these occur, and the risks posed by the different animal species is still inadequately studied. This is the main goal of the JPI-EC-AMR JTC 2016 Pet-Risk Consortium (Portugal, Germany, Switzerland, UK, Canada) JPIAMR/0002/2016 under the CIISA Antibiotic Lab Team Leader Coordination.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) funds through the Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade (COMPETE) and by National funds through the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) [CIISA Project UIDP/CVT/00276/2020; project CIISA CONT 7/2016 and PET-Risk Consortium Project Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance (JPIAMR/0002/2016)]. Adriana Belas (SFRH/BD/113142/2015) and Cátia Marques (SFRH/BD/77886/2011) hold FCT PhD grants. Juliana Menezes holds a research grant from the JPIAMR/0002/2016 Project.

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  1. Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

    C. Pomba, A. Belas, J. Menezes & C. Marques

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Correspondence to C. Pomba .

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  1. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

    Antonio Freitas Duarte

  2. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

    Luís Lopes da Costa

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Pomba, C., Belas, A., Menezes, J., Marques, C. (2020). The Public Health Risk of Companion Animal to Human Transmission of Antimicrobial Resistance During Different Types of Animal Infection. In: Freitas Duarte, A., Lopes da Costa, L. (eds) Advances in Animal Health, Medicine and Production . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61981-7_14

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