Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Medical Management of Acute Renal Failure

  • Chapter
Renal Failure and Replacement Therapies

Part of the book series: Competency-Based Critical Care ((CBCC))

  • 1816 Accesses

Abstract

Acute renal failure (ARF) is both common and associated with significant mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting (1). With an impact on length of stay, likelihood of survival until discharge, and cost of care, it is vital that the increasing body of evidence in critical care nephrology is used to refine definitions, diagnosis, preventive strategies, investigations, and management of these patients (2).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Levy EM, Viscoli CM, Horwitz RI. The effect of acute renal failure on mortality. A cohort analysis. JAMA. 1996;275(19):1489–1494.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Kellum JA. Acute renal failure, interdisciplinary knowledge and the need for standardization. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2005;11(6):525–526.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Liano G, Pascual J. Acute renal failure. Madrid Acute Renal Failure Study Group. Lancet. 1996;347(8999):479.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Herget-Rosenthal S, Marggraf G, Husing J, et al. Early detection of acute renal failure by serum cystatin C. Kidney Int. 2004;66(3):1115–1122.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Madaio MP. Renal biopsy. Kidney Int. 1990;38(3):529–543.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Mueller C, Buerkle G, Buettner HJ, et al. Prevention of contrast media-associated nephropathy: randomized comparison of 2 hydration regimens in 1620 patients undergoing coronary angioplasty. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162(3):329–336.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Kellum JA, Leblanc M, Gibney RT, et al. Primary prevention of acute renal failure in the critically ill. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2005;11(6):537–541.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Rahman SN, Conger JD. Glomerular and tubular factors in urine flow rates of acute renal failure patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 1994;23(6):788–793.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Lassnigg A, Donner E, Grubhofer G, et al. Lack of renoprotective effects of dopamine and furosemide during cardiac surgery. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000; 11(1): 97–104.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Allgren RL, Marbury TC, Rahman SN, et al. Anaritide in acute tubular necrosis. Auriculin Anaritide Acute Renal Failure Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1997;336(12):828–834.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Cantarovich F, Rangoonwala B, Lorenz H, et al. High-dose furosemide for established ARF: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled, multicenter trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;44(3):402–409.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Solomon R, Werner C, Mann D, et al. Effects of saline, mannitol, and furosemide to prevent acute decreases in renal function induced by radiocontrast agents. N Engl J Med. 1994;331(21):1416–420.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kellum JA. Diuretics in acute renal failure: protective or deleterious. Blood Purif. 1997;15(4–6):319–322.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kellum JA. The use of diuretics and dopamine in acute renal failure: a systematic review of the evidence. Crit Care (Lond). 1997;1(2):53–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Homsi E, Barreiro MF, Orlando JM, Higa EM. Prophylaxis of acute renal failure in patients with rhabdomyolysis. Ren Fail. 1997;19(2):283–288.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Ip-Yam PC, Murphy S, Baines M, et al. Renal function and proteinuria after cardiopulmonary bypass: the effects of temperature and mannitol. Anesth Analg. 1994;78(5):842–847.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Gubern JM, Sancho JJ, Simo J, Sitges-Serra A. A randomized trial on the effect of mannitol on postoperative renal function in patients with obstructive jaundice. Surgery. 1988;103(1):39–44.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Denton MD, Chertow GM, Brady HR. “Renal-dose” dopamine for the treatment of acute renal failure: scientific rationale, experimental studies and clinical trials. Kidney Int. 1996;50(1):4–14.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Baldwin L, Henderson A, Hickman P. Effect of postoperative low-dose dopamine on renal function after elective major vascular surgery. Ann Intern Med. 1994;120(9):744–747.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Marik PE, Iglesias J. Low-dose dopamine does not prevent acute renal failure in patients with septic shock and oliguria. NORASEPT II Study Investigators. Am J Med. 1999;107(4):387–390.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Bellomo R, Chapman M, Finfer S, et al. Low-dose dopamine in patients with early renal dysfunction: a placebo-controlled randomised trial. Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Clinical Trials Group. Lancet. 2000;356(9248):2139–2143.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Tumlin JA, Finkel KW, Murray PT, et al. Fenoldopam mesylate in early acute tubular necrosis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005;46(1):26–34.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Birck R, Krzossok S, Markowetz F, et al. Acetylcysteine for prevention of contrast nephropathy: metaanalysis. Lancet. 2003;362(9384):598–603.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Pannu N, Manns B, Lee H, Tonelli M. Systematic review of the impact of N-acetylcysteine on contrast nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2004;65(4):1366–1374.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Genet S, Kale RK, Baquer NZ. Effects of free radicals on cytosolic creatine kinase activities and protection by antioxidant enzymes and sulfhydryl compounds. Mol Cell Biochem. 2000;210(1–2):23–28.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Bagshaw SM, McAlister FA, Manns BJ, Ghali WA. Acetyl-cysteine used in the prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy: a case study in the pitfalls in the evolution of evidence. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Jan 23;166(2):161–166.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Lewis J, Salem MM, Chertow GM, et al. Atrial natriuretic factor in oliguric acute renal failure. Anaritide Acute Renal Failure Study Group. Am J Kidney Dis. 2000;36(4):767–774.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Kramer BK, Preuner J, Ebenburger A, et al. Lack of renoprotective effect of theophylline during aortocoronary bypass surgery. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17(5):910–915.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Levy B, Bollaert PE, Charpentier C, et al. Comparison of norepinephrine and dobutamine to epinephrine for hemodynamics, lactate metabolism, and gastric tonometric variables in septic shock: a prospective, randomized study. Intensive Care Med. 1997;23(3):282–287.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, et al. Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(19):1359.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Van den Berghe G, Wouters PJ, Bouillon R, et al. Outcome benefit of intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill: Insulin dose versus glycemic control. Crit Care Med. 2003;31(2):359–366.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Doig GS, Simpson F. Evidence-based guidelines for nutritional support of the critically ill: results of a bi-national guideline development conference. Sydney: EvidenceBased.net; 2005. Download www. EvidenceBased.net.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Dhaliwal R, Heyland DK. Nutrition and infection in the intensive care unit: what does the evidence show? Curr Opin Crit Care. 2005;11(5):461–467.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Doig GS, Simpson F. Early enteral nutrition in the critically ill: do we need more evidence or better evidence? Curr Opin Crit Care. 2006;12(2):126–130.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Bellomo R, Goldsmith D, Uchino S, Buckmaster J, Hart G, Opdam H, Silvester W, Doolan L, Gutteridge G. Prospective controlled trial on the effect of medical emergency team on postoperative morbidity and mortality rates. Crit Care Med. 2004;32(4):916–921.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Hillman K, Chen J, Cretikos M, Bellomo R, Brown D, Doig G, Finfer S, Flabouris A; MERIT study investigators. Introduction of the medical emergency team (MET) system: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2005;365(9477):2091–2097.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Bellomo R, Bonventre J, Macias W, Pinsky M. Management of early acute renal failure: focus on postinjury prevention. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2005;11(6):542–547.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Vincent JL, Weil MH. Fluid challenge revisited. Crit Care Med. 2006;34(5):1333–1337.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Kohli HS, Bhaskaran MC, Muthukumar T, et al. Treatment-related acute renal failure in the elderly: a hospital-based prospective study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2000;15(2):212–217.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Suen WS, Mok CK, Chiu SW, et al. Risk factors for development of acute renal failure (ARF) requiring dialysis in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Angiology. 1998;49(10):789–800.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Uchino S, Bellomo R, Morimatsu H, et al. External validation of severity scoring systems for acute renal failure using a multinational database. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(9):1961–1967.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Murray PT, Le Gall JR, Dos Reis Miranda D, et al. Physiologic endpoints (efficacy) for acute renal failure studies. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2002;8(6):519–525.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Nash K, et al. Hospital-acquired renal insufficiency. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39(5):930–936.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Parfrey P, et al. Contrast material-induced renal failure in patients with diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency, or both. A prospective controlled study. N Engl J Med. 1989;320(3):143–149.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Brun-Buisson C, et al. EPISEPSIS: a reappraisal of the epidemiology and outcome of severe sepsis in French intensive care units. Intensive Care Med. 2004;30(4):580–588.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Ricci Z, et al. Practice patterns in the management of acute renal failure in the critically ill patient: an international survey. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006;21(3):690–696.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Han MK, Hyzy R. Advances in critical care management of hepatic failure and insufficiency. Crit Care Med. 2006;34(9 Suppl):S225–231.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Barrett B, et al. Meta analysis of the relative nephrotoxicity of high-and low-osmolality iodinated contrast media. Radiology. 1993;188(1):171–178.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Aspelin P, et al. Nephrotoxic effects in high-risk patients undergoing angiography. N Engl J Med. 2003;348(6):491–499.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. McCullogh PA, et al. Risk prediction of contrast-induced nephropathy. Am J Cardiol. 2006;98(68):27K–36K.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Mangano C, et al. Renal dysfunction after myocardial revascularization: risk factors, adverse outcomes, and hospital resource utilization. Ann Intern Med. 1998;128(3):194–203.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Chertow G, et al. Independent association between acute renal failure and mortality following cardiac surgery. Am J Med. 1998;104(4):343–348.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Lima E, et al. Risk factors for development of acute renal failure after liver transplantation. Ren Fail. 2003;25(4):553–560.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. McNelis J, et al. Abdominal compartment syndrome: clinical manifestations and predictive factors. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2003;9(2):133–136.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Intensive Care Consultant, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Victoria, Australia

    Nerina Harley MBBS, MD, PGDIPEcho, FRACP, FJFICM

Authors
  1. Nerina Harley MBBS, MD, PGDIPEcho, FRACP, FJFICM
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, Hampshire, UK

    Sara Blakeley BM, MRCP, EDIC

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer-Verlag London Limited

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Harley, N. (2008). Medical Management of Acute Renal Failure. In: Blakeley, S. (eds) Renal Failure and Replacement Therapies. Competency-Based Critical Care. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-937-8_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84628-937-8_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-84628-936-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-84628-937-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation