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Living Donor Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Oncology ((CCO))

Abstract

Over the last 25 years, liver transplantation has been established as a therapy for end stage liver disease. Liver transplantation also appears to be an ideal treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), since it provides the potential for cure of both the HCC and the underlying liver disease. Although the early results of liver transplantation for HCC were disappointing, emerging Milan criteria in 1996 improved the outcome of liver transplantation for HCC as same as that for the other liver diseases.

Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) has been developed as an alternative to deceased donor liver transplantation, to improve the organ shortage worldwide. The recent development of LDLT in adults has allowed timely grafting for HCC patients. As a result, LDLT for HCC can achieve an acceptable outcome, which is comparable to the outcome of DDLT for HCC. However, the higher recurrence rates of HCC in LDLT recipients compared to that in DDLT recipients has been shown. It should be verified whether this is contributed to confounding by more advanced disease in LDLT recipients. Recently, the expansion of the criteria for LDLT for HCC has been proposed from many centers, which mostly contain the tumor markers such as AFP and PIVKA-α in addition to the factors of tumor morphology. Validation of the novel criteria, verified and selected from those criteria, will be a major advance in indications for liver transplantation for HCC.

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Abbreviations

HCC:

hepatocellular carcinoma

LDLT:

living donor liver transplantation

DDLT:

deceased donor liver transplantation

LT:

Liver transplantation

MELD:

Model for end-stage liver disease

MHV:

middle hepatic vein

UNOS:

the United Network for Organ Sharing

A2ALL:

the Adult-to-Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study

AFP:

α-fetoprotein

PIVKA II:

protein induced by vitamin K absence factor II

DCP:

des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (same as PIVKA II)

UCSF:

University of California, San Francisco

TACE:

transarterial chemoembolization

RFA:

radiofrequency ablation

PEI:

percutaneous ethanol injection

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Organ Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan

    Hiroyuki Furukawa MD

  2. Department of General Surgery, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan

    Satoru Todo MD

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  1. Hiroyuki Furukawa MD
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  2. Satoru Todo MD
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, S. 10th Street 233, Philadelphia, 19107, Pennsylvania, USA

    Brian I. Carr

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Furukawa, H., Todo, S. (2009). Living Donor Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. In: Carr, B. (eds) Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Current Clinical Oncology. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-376-3_19

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