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Changing Public Policy to Prevent HIV Transmission

The Role of Structural and Environmental Interventions

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Handbook of Economic Evaluation of HIV Prevention Programs

Part of the book series: AIDS Prevention and Mental Health ((APMH))

Abstract

Why is it that interventions at the individual level, such as health education and counseling, have become so dominant in the effort to slow the transmission of HIV and AIDS? Are interventions that include a focus on environmental changes perhaps more cost-effective than those that rely only on individual persuasion? Moreover, what can be done to facilitate greater attention to imaginative environmental interventions and the policy changes necessary to implement and sustain such interventions? In this chapter we attempt to answer these questions. First we examine some of the reasons why individually oriented intervention approaches have become so dominant. Next we review theories that have incorporated the role of environmental factors in the promotion of disease. Then we take a closer look at the role of the environment in the transmission of HIV and discuss interventions that can affect change at the environmental level. Finally, we examine the role of public policy in shaping environmental outcomes to stem HIV transmission and look at some of the ways policy advocacy has been conducted with regard to HIV and AIDS issues in rich and poor countries.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA

    Michael D. Sweat & Julie Denison

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  1. Michael D. Sweat
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  2. Julie Denison
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Center for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Medical College of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53202, USA

    David R. Holtgrave Ph.D.

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Sweat, M.D., Denison, J. (1998). Changing Public Policy to Prevent HIV Transmission. In: Holtgrave, D.R. (eds) Handbook of Economic Evaluation of HIV Prevention Programs. AIDS Prevention and Mental Health. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1878-9_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1878-9_7

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