Skip to main content

A Simulation Model of Population Processes of Arctic Tundra Graminoids

  • Chapter
Vegetation and Production Ecology of an Alaskan Arctic Tundra

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 29))

Abstract

Wet meadow tundra predominates along the Arctic Coastal Plain of Alaska and has been studied intensively near Barrow, Alaska. Of the three species of monocotyledons that account for nearly 80% of the vascular plant production (Tieszen, 1972), Dupontia fisheri, a grass, has been studied in detail to characterize the basic patterns of photosynthesis, water relations, nutrition, growth, and reproduction found in graminoid species in the tundra (Allessio and Tieszen, 1975a, b; Tieszen et al., 1974; Lewis, unpublished data; McCown, 1975; Tieszen, 1975; Stoner and Miller, 1975; Chapin, 1977). These data assisted the development of a simulation model of population processes in perennial graminoid species that integrates physiological and population processes found in the graminoid plant form in the Arctic. The model forms a framework to deal precisely with broad questions about tundra processes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Acock, B. J., H. M. Thornley, and J. Warren Wilson. (1970) Spatial variation of light in the canopy. In Prediction and Measurement of Photo synthetic Productivity: Proceedings of the IBP/PP Technical Meeting, Trebon, 14–21 September 1969. Wageningen: Center for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation, pp. 91–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allessio, M. L., and L. L. Tieszen. (1975a) Patterns of carbon allocation in an arctic tundra grass, Dupontia fischeri (Gramineae), at Barrow, Alaska. Amer. J. Bot., 62: 797–807.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Allessio, M. L., and L. L. Tieszen. (1975b) Leaf age effect on translocation and distribution of 14C-photoassimilate in Dupontia at Barrow, Alaska. Arct. Alp. Res., 7: 3–12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allessio, M. L., and L. L. Tieszen. (1978) Translocation and allocation of 14C-photoassimilate by Dupontia fisheri. In Vegetation and Production Ecology of an Alaskan Arctic Tundra (L. L. Tieszen, Ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag, Chap. 17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Allsopp, A. (1965) The significance for development of water supply, osmotic relations and nutrition. In Handbuch der Pflanzen. (W. Ruhland, Ed.). Berlin: Springer-Verlag, Vol. 15, part 2, pp. 504–522.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aspinall, D. (1960) An analysis of competition between barley and white persicaria. II. Factors determining the course of competition. Ann. Appl. Biol., 48: 637–654.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baeumer, K., and C. T. de Wit. (1968) Competitive interference of plant species in monocultures and in mixed stands. Neth. J. Agric. Sci., 16: 103–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Billings, W. D., and H. A. Mooney. (1968) The ecology of arctic and alpine plants. Biol. Rev., 43: 481–529.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blackman, F. F. (1905) Optimal and limiting factors. Ann. Bot., 19: 281–295.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bliss, L. C. (1962) Adaptations of arctic and alpine plants to environmental conditions. Arctic, 15: 117–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bunnell, F. L. (1973) Theological ecology or models and the real world. For. Chron., 49: 167–171.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caldwell, M. M., L. L. Tieszen, and M. Fareed. (1974) The canopy structure of tundra plant communities at Barrow, Alaska, and Niwot Ridge, Colorado. Arct. Alp. Res., 6: 151–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chapin, F. S. III (1977) Temperature compensation in phosphate absorption occurring over diverse time scales. Arctic and Alpine Res. 9: 139–148.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chapin, F. S., III, K. Van Cleve, and L. L. Tieszen. (1975) Seasonal nutrient dynamics of tundra vegetation at Barrow, Alaska. Arct. Alp. Res., 7: 209–226.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Darwinkle, A. (1975) Aspects of assimilation and accumulation of nitrate in some cultivated plants. Wageningen: Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation. 64 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dennis, J. G. (1977) Distribution patterns of belowground standing crop in Arctic Tundra at Barrow, Alaska. Arct. Alp. Res. 9: 113–127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dennis, J. G., and P. L. Johnson. (1970) Shoot and rhizome-root standing crops of tundra vegetation at Barrow, Alaska. Arct. Alp. Res., 2: 253–266.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dennis, J. G., L. L. Tieszen, and M. Vetter. (1978) Seasonal dynamics of above-and belowground production of vascular plants at Barrow, Alaska. In Vegetation and Production Ecology of an Alaskan Arctic Tundra (L. L. Tieszen, Ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag, Chap. 4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Donald, C. M. (1961) Competition for light in crops and pastures. In Society for Experimental Biology Symposium XV. New York: Academic Press, pp. 282–313.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duncan, W. C., R. S. Loomis, W. A. Williams, and R. Hanau. (1967) A model for simulating photosynthesis in plant communities. Hilgardia, 38: 181–205.

    Google Scholar 

  • Forrester, J. W. (1971) World Dynamics. Cambridge, Mass.: Wright Allen Press, 142 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grace, J., and H. W. Woolhouse. (1973) A physiological and mathematical study of the growth and productivity of a Calluna-Sphagnum community. III. Distribution of photosynthate in Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull. J. Appl. Ecol., 10: 77–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harper, J. L. (1960) Factors controlling plant numbers. In Biology of Weeds (J. L. Harper, Ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, pp. 119–132.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harper, J. L. (1968) The regulation of numbers and mass on plant populations. In Population Biology and Evolution (R. C. Lewontin, Ed.). Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, pp. 138–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holliday, R. (1960) Plant population and crop yield. Nature, 186: 22–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, P. L. (1969) Arctic plants, ecosystem and strategies. Arctic, 22: 341–355.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCown, B. H. (1973) The influence of soil temperature on plant growth and survival in Alaska. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Oil Resource Development and its Impact on Northern Plant Communities. Occasional Publications on Northern Life No. 1, University of Alaska, pp. 12–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCown, B. H. (1975) Physiological responses of root systems to stress conditions. In Physiological Adaptation to the Environment (F. J. Vernberg, Ed.). New York: Intext Educational Publishers, pp. 225–237.

    Google Scholar 

  • McCown, B. H. (1978) The interactions of organic nutrients, soil notrogen, and soil temperature and plant growth and survival in the arctic environment. In Vegetation and Production Ecology of an Alaskan Arctic Tundra (L. L. Tieszen, Ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag, Chap. 19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mattheis, P. J., L. L. Tieszen, and M. C. Lewis. (1976) Responses of Dupontia fischeri to simulated lemming grazing in an Alaskan arctic tundra. Ann. Bot., 40: 179–197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melchior, H. R. (1972) Summer herbivory by the brown lemming in Barrow, Alaska. In Proceedings 1972 Tundra Biome Symposium, Lake Wilderness Center, University of Washington (S. Bowen, Ed.). U.S. Tundra Biome, U.S. International Biological Program and U.S. Arctic Research Program, pp. 136–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, P. C. (1972) Bioclimate, leaf temperature, and primary production in red mangrove canopies in south Florida. Ecology, 53: 22–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, P. C., and L. L. Tieszen. (1972) A preliminary model of processes affecting primary production in the arctic tundra. Arct. Alp. Res., 4: 1–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller, P. C., W. A. Stoner, and L. L. Tieszen. (1976) A model of stand photosynthesis for the wet meadow tundra at Barrow, Alaska. Ecology, 57: 411–430.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Monteith, J. L. (1965) Light distribution and photosynthesis in field crops. Ann. Bot., 29: 17–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paltridge, G. W. (1970) A model of a growing pasture. Agric. Meteorol., 7: 93–130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Penning de Vries, F. W. T. (1972) Respiration and growth. In Crop Processes in Controlled Environments (A. R. Rees, K. E. Cockshull, D. W. Hand, and R. G. Hurd, Eds.). London: Academic Press, pp. 327–347.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sachs, R. M. (1972) Inflorescence induction and initiation. In The Biology and Utilization of Grasses (V. B. Younger and M. C. McKell, Eds.). New York: Academic Press, pp. 348–364.

    Google Scholar 

  • Savile, D. B. O. (1972) Arctic Adaptations in Plants. Can. Dep. Agric. Monogr. 6, 81 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stoner, W. A., and P. C. Miller. (1975) Water relations of plant species in the wet coastal tundra at Barrow, Alaska. Arct. Alp. Res., 7: 109–124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stoner, W. A., P. C. Miller, and L. L. Tieszen. (1978) A model of plant growth and phosphorus allocation for Dupontia fisheri in coastal, wet-meadow tundra. In Vegetation and Production Ecology of an Alaskan Arctic Tundra (L. L. Tieszen, Ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag, Chap. 24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, D. Q. (1955) The role of food and cover in population fluctuations of brown lemming at Point Barrow, Alaska. In Transactions of the 20th North American Wildlife Conference, pp. 166–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thornley, J. H. M. (1972a) A balanced quantitative model for root:shoot ratios in vegetative plants. Ann. Bot., 36: 431–441.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thornley, J. H. M. (1972b) A model to describe the partitioning of photosynthate during vegetative plant growth. Ann. Bot., 36: 419–430.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tieszen, L. L. (1972) The seasonal course of aboveground production and chlorophyll distribution in a wet arctic tundra at Barrow, Alaska. Arct. Alp. Res., 4: 307–324.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tieszen, L. L. (1973) Photosynthesis and respiration in arctic tundra grasses: field light intensity and temperature responses. Arct. Alp. Res. 5: 239–251.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tieszen, L. L. (1975) CO2 exchange in the Alaskan Arctic Tundra: Seasonal changes in the rate of photosynthesis of four species. Photosynthetica, 9: 376–390.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tieszen, L. L., D. A. Johnson, and M. L. Allessio. (1974) Translocation of photosynthetically assimilated 14CO2 in three arctic grasses in situ at Barrow, Alaska. Can. J. Bot., 52: 2189–2193.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tieszen, L. L. (1978). Photosynthesis in the principal Barrow, Alaska species: A summary of field and laboratory responses. In Vegetation and Production Ecology of an Alaskan Arctic Tundra (L. L. Tieszen, Ed.). New York: Springer-Verlag, Chap. 10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verhager, A. M. W., J. H. Wilson, and E.J. Britton. (1963) Plant production in relation to foliage illumination. Ann. Bot., 27: 627–640.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warren Wilson, J. (1967) Ecological data on dry-matter production by plants and plant communities. In The Collection and Processing of Field Data (E. M. Bradley and O. T. Denmead, Eds.). C.S.I.R.O. Symposium, New York, p. 77.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Wit, C. T. (1965) Photosynthesis of leaf canopies. Institute of Biol. Chem. Res. on Field Crops and Herbage, Wageningen. Agric. Res. Rep. 663.

    Google Scholar 

  • de Wit, C. T., R. Brouwer, and F. W. T. Penning de Vries. (1970) The simulation of photosynthetic systems. In Prediction and Measurement of Photosynthetic Productivity: Proceedings of the IBP/PP Technical Meeting, Trebon, 14–21 September 1969. Wageningen: Center for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation, pp. 47–70.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Larry L. Tieszen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1978 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lawrence, B.A., Lewis, M.C., Miller, P.C. (1978). A Simulation Model of Population Processes of Arctic Tundra Graminoids. In: Tieszen, L.L. (eds) Vegetation and Production Ecology of an Alaskan Arctic Tundra. Ecological Studies, vol 29. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6307-4_26

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-6307-4_26

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-6309-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-6307-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics