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State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)

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STOP, THAT and One Hundred Other Sleep Scales

Abstract

The STAI is a 40-item questionnaire designed to measure two aspects of anxiety: the temporary and episodic form of anxiety that fluctuates across situations and circumstances, and the stable personality traits that predispose individuals to anxiety in general [1]. Though the scale has been widely used in research, it is also a valuable clinical tool. The STAI’s two subscales make it ideal for sleep specialists hoping to identify both current recurring anxiety problems in order to address their influence on sleep quality.

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References

  1. Spielberger, C, Gorsuch, R. L., Lushene, R., Vagg, P. R., & Jacobs, G. A. (1983). Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Palo Alto: Consulting Psychologists Press.

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  2. Mindgarden Inc. (2008). State-trait anxiety inventory for adults. Retrieved July 11, 2009 from http://www.mindgarden.com/products/staisad.htm

  3. Barnes, L., Harp, D., & Jung, W. S. (2002). Reliability generalization of scores on the Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 62(4), 603–618.

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  4. Spielberger, C., Sydeman, S., Owen, A., & Marsh, B. (1999). Measuring anxiety and anger with the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) and the state-trait anger expression inventory (STAXI). In: Maruish, M. E. (Ed.), The use of psychological testing for treatment planning and outcomes assessment (2nd ed.; 993–1021). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

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Representative Studies Using Scale

  • Baker, A., Simpson, S., & Dawson, D. (1997). Sleep ­disruption and mood changes associated with menopause. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 43(4), 359–369.

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  • Schlotz, W., Shulz, P., Hellhammer, J., Stone, A., & Hellhammer, D. (2006). Trait anxiety moderates the impact of performance pressure on salivary cortisol in everyday life. Psychoneuroendocinology, 31(4), 459–472.

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  • Spira, A. P., Friedman, L., Aulakh, J. S., Lee, T., Shiekh, J. I., & Yesavage, J. A. (2008). Subclinical anxiety symptoms, sleep, and daytime dysfunction in older adults with primary insomnia. Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology, 21(2), 149–153.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Toronto The Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep Centre, 227 Victoria Street, M5B 1T8, Toronto, Canada

    Azmeh Shahid M.D & Kate Wilkinson Ph.D

  2. University of Toronto The Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep Centre, 227 Victoria Street, Toronto, Canada

    Shai Marcu M.D

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto The Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep Centre, 227 Victoria Street, M5B 1T8, Toronto, Canada

    Colin M. Shapiro MBChB., Ph.D., MRCPsych, FRCP(C)

Authors
  1. Azmeh Shahid M.D
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  2. Kate Wilkinson Ph.D
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  3. Shai Marcu M.D
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  4. Colin M. Shapiro MBChB., Ph.D., MRCPsych, FRCP(C)
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Azmeh Shahid M.D .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Toronto, Psychiatry, Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep Cen, Victoria Street 227, Toronto, M5B 1TB, Canada

    Azmeh Shahid

  2. Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep Cen, University of Toronto, Victoria Street 227, Toronto, M5B 1TB, Canada

    Kate Wilkinson

  3. The Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep, University of Toronto, Victoria Street 227, Toronto, Canada

    Shai Marcu

  4. , Department of Psychiatry, The Youthdale Child and Adolescent Sleep, 227 Victoria St., Toronto, M5B 1T8, Canada

    Colin M Shapiro

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Shahid, A., Wilkinson, K., Marcu, S., Shapiro, C.M. (2011). State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). In: Shahid, A., Wilkinson, K., Marcu, S., Shapiro, C. (eds) STOP, THAT and One Hundred Other Sleep Scales. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9893-4_90

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9893-4_90

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-9892-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-9893-4

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