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Amaranth Oil Increased Fecal Excretion of Bile Acid but Had No Effect in Reducing Plasma Cholesterol in Hamsters

  • Original Article
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Lipids

Abstract

Hamsters were fed for 4 weeks on four different diets: control (C) (balanced diet containing 20 % corn oil as the lipid source), hypercholesterolemic (H) (identical to C but containing 12 % coconut oil, 8 % corn oil and 0.1 % cholesterol as the lipid source), amaranth oil (A) (identical to H without corn oil but with amaranth oil), and squalene (S) (identical to H but admixed with squalene in the ratio found in amaranth oil). There were no significant differences in lipid profile, and in the cholesterol excreted in the animals’ feces from amaranth oil (A) and squalene (S) groups. Fecal excretion of bile acids was greater in the amaranth oil (A) and squalene groups (S) as compared to the other groups. The scores of steatosis and parenchymal inflammation observed in the amaranth oil (A) and squalene groups (S) were superior to the ones observed in the other groups. Our findings demonstrated that amaranth oil, and its component squalene, increased the excretion of bile acids but did not have a hypocholesterolemic effect in hamsters fed on a diet containing high amounts of saturated fat and cholesterol.

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Abbreviations

C:

Control diet group

H:

Hypercholesterolemic diet group

A:

Amaranth oil diet group

S:

Squalene diet group

GC:

Gas chromatography

HPLC:

High performance liquid chromatography

FER:

Food efficiency ratio

TC:

Total plasma cholesterol

TG:

Triacylglycerols

HDL:

High density lipoprotein

LDL-C:

Low density lipoprotein cholesterol

VLDL-C:

Very low density lipoprotein cholesterol

UV:

Ultra violet

vis:

Visible

HE:

Hematoxylin eosin

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

HMG-CoA reductase:

Hydroxy methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase

ACAT:

Acetyl coenzyme A acyltransferase

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa Interunidades em Nutrição Humana Aplicada, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 580, 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil

    Luíla Ívini Andrade de Castro

  2. Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 475, 012406, São Paulo, Brazil

    Paulo H. N. Saldiva

  3. Departamento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 715, 012406-904, São Paulo, Brazil

    Rosana Aparecida Manólio Soares & José Alfredo Gomes Arêas

  4. Centro de Ciência e Qualidade de Alimentos, Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos, Av. Brasil 2880, 13070-178, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Roseli A. Ferrari, Ana M. R. O. Miguel & Claudia A. S. Almeida

Authors
  1. Luíla Ívini Andrade de Castro
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  2. Rosana Aparecida Manólio Soares
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  3. Paulo H. N. Saldiva
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  4. Roseli A. Ferrari
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  5. Ana M. R. O. Miguel
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  6. Claudia A. S. Almeida
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  7. José Alfredo Gomes Arêas
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Correspondence to José Alfredo Gomes Arêas.

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de Castro, L.Í.A., Soares, R.A.M., Saldiva, P.H.N. et al. Amaranth Oil Increased Fecal Excretion of Bile Acid but Had No Effect in Reducing Plasma Cholesterol in Hamsters. Lipids 48, 609–618 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-013-3772-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-013-3772-8

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