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Understanding Local Participation Amidst Challenges: Evidence from Lebanon in the Global South

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Abstract

Scholars frame local participation as a continuum of tools, processes, and values, with outcomes primarily serving implementers or beneficiaries. Donors have adopted participation in their policies and are asking local partners in the Global South to implement participation in their work on the ground. Development management practitioners in the Global South have unique understanding and practice of local participation. This article analyzes the status of local participation in Lebanon using recent empirical data. We address Lebanese DM practitioners’ perceptions of participation. They relate that participation is used in a limited way, as a tool at best. We also identify some of the underlying conditions: weak readiness and understanding; lack of coordinated efforts; and rhetorical use of the participation paradigm. The form of participation changes as these conditions change. We recommend modest expectations of citizen participation, investing efforts to develop organizational readiness, enhance cross-sector coordination, and secure more serious donor engagement.

Résumé

Les chercheurs définissent la participation locale selon un éventail d’outils, de processus et de valeurs, dont les résultats sont essentiellement au service de ceux assurant leur mise en œuvre ou des bénéficiaires. Les donateurs ont adopté la participation au sein de leurs politiques et demandent à leurs partenaires locaux du Sud planétaire d’implémenter une participation dans leur travail sur le terrain. Les praticiens de la gestion du développement dans le Sud planétaire ont une compréhension et une pratiques uniques de la participation locale. Cet article analyse le statut de la participation locale au Liban en recourant à des données empiriques récentes. Nous nous intéressons aux perceptions des praticiens libanais de la GD concernant la participation. Ils indiquent que cette dernière est utilisée de manière limitée, au mieux comme un outil. Nous identifions également certaines des conditions sous-jacentes : la faiblesse de la préparation comme de la compréhension; l’absence d’efforts coordonnés et l’utilisation rhétorique du paradigme de la participation. La forme de la participation évolue en fonction des modifications de ces conditions. Nous recommandons des attentes modestes en matière de participation des citoyens, et la mise en œuvre d’efforts afin de développer une préparation organisationnelle, d’optimiser la coordination intersectorielle et d’obtenir un engagement plus sérieux des donateurs.

Zusammenfassung

Wissenschaftler definieren lokale Partizipation als ein Spektrum aus Werkzeugen, Verfahren und Werten mit Folgen, die hauptsächlich denRealisierern oder Nutztragenden dienen. Spender haben die Partizipation in ihren Richtlinien aufgenommen und bitten lokale Partner im Globalen Süden das Partizipationsprinzip bei ihrer Arbeit vor Ort zu implementieren. Fachkräfte im Bereich des Entwicklungsmanagements im Globalen Süden haben ein besonderes Verständnis für die lokale Partizipation und ihre Praxis. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht den aktuellen Stand der lokalen Partizipation im Libanon unter Hinzunahme neuester empirischer Daten. Wir betrachten, wie libanesische Fachkräfte im Bereich des Entwicklungsmanagements die Partizipation wahrnehmen. Sie berichten, dass das Partizipationsprinzip lediglich begrenzt angewandt wird, im besten Fall als ein Werkzeug. Zudem stellen wir einige der zugrunde liegenden Rahmenbedingungen heraus: geringe Bereitschaft und wenig Verständnis; fehlende Koordinierungsbemühungen und eine rhethorische Anwendung des Partizipationsparadigmas. Die Form der Partizipation ändert sich entsprechend den Rahmenbedingungen. Wir empfehlen, von einer geringen Bürgerbeteiligung auszugehen und Anstrengungen dahingehend zu unternehmen, die organisatorische Bereitschaft und sektorübergreifende Koordinierung zu fördern und ein ernsthafteres Spenderengagement zu bewirken.

Resumen

Los académicos enmarcan la participación local como un espectro de herramientas, procesos y valores, con resultados que sirven fundamentalmente a los implementadores o beneficiarios. Los donantes han adoptado la participación en sus políticas y están pidiendo a los socios locales en el Sur Global que implementen la participación en su trabajo sobre el terreno. Los profesionales de la gestión del desarrollo en el Sur Global tienen una comprensión y práctica únicas de la participación local. El presente artículo analiza el estado de la participación local en Líbano utilizando datos empíricos recientes. Abordamos las percepciones de la participación de profesionales libaneses de la gestión del desarrollo. Relatan que la participación se utiliza de una forma limitada, en el mejor de los casos, como una herramienta. También identificamos algunas de las condiciones subyacentes: comprensión y disposición débiles; falta de esfuerzos coordinados; y uso retórico del paradigma de la participación. La forma de participación cambia a medida que cambian estas condiciones. Recomendamos expectativas modestas con respecto a la participación ciudadana, invirtiendo esfuerzos para desarrollar la disposición organizativa, aumentar la coordinación intersectorial y garantizar un compromiso más serio de los donantes.

摘要

学者们将本地参与视为各种工具、过程和价值观的框架体系,其成果主要服务于执行者或受益人。捐赠人在他们的各项政策中注入了参与机制,并要求 Global South 的本地合作伙伴在其正在进行的工作中也实施参与机制。Global South 的开发管理从业人员对本地参与有着独到的见解和实践经验。论文旨在使用近期的经验数据分析黎巴嫩的本地参与情况, 并将对黎巴嫩开发管理从业人员对参与的认知进行论证。他们指出,在某种程度上,参与程度尚非常有限,充其量只是一种工具。论文还将对下述情况作出说明: 准备不足和理解错误;协调不够;以及对参与范例的夸张使用。参与形式会随着这些情况的变化而变化。最后论文建议:保守预期公民的参与程度;积极开展工作使机构随时做好准备;加强跨部门协调能力,以及确保更多重要捐赠者的参与。

ملخص

العلماء يضعون المشاركة المحلية في إطار كمجموعة من الأدوات ، العمليات، والقيم، مع النتائج التي تخدم في المقام الأول المنفذين أو المستفيدين. قد إعتمدت الجهات المانحة المشاركة في سياساتها ويطلبون من الشركاء المحليين في جنوب الكرة الأرضية لتنفيذ المشاركة في أعمالها على أرض الواقع. العاملين في مجال إدارة التنمية في جنوب الكرة الأرضية لديهم فهم فريد من نوعه وممارسة المشاركة المحلية. هذا المقال يحلل حالة من المشاركة المحلية في لبنان بإستخدام البيانات التجريبية الأخيرة. نعالج تصورات الممارسين لإدارة التنمية(DM) اللبنانية في المشاركة. يبرهن على إنه يتم إستخدام تلك المشاركة بشكل محدود، بإعتبارها أداة في أحسن الأحوال. نحن أيضا نحدد بعض الشروط الأساسية: إستعداد وفهم ضعيف ؛ عدم وجود تنسيق للجهود، إستخدام البلاغية لنموذج المشاركة. تغيرات شكل المشاركة كما تتغير هذه الظروف. نحن نوصي بتوقعات متواضعة من مشاركة المواطنين، إستثمار الجهود المبذولة لتطوير الإستعداد التنظيمي، تعزيز التنسيق بين مختلف القطاعات، وتأمين مزيد من المشاركة الجادة من الجهات المانحة.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the study participants for their cooperation and insights and are also grateful to several anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments.

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Correspondence to Khaldoun AbouAssi or Deborah L. Trent.

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AbouAssi, K., Trent, D.L. Understanding Local Participation Amidst Challenges: Evidence from Lebanon in the Global South. Voluntas 24, 1113–1137 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11266-012-9315-8

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