Abstract
This paper describes a framework for fixed- length frame scheduling in all-photonic networks with large propagation delays. We introduce the Fair Matching Algorithm a novel scheduling approach that results in weighted max-min fair allocation of extra slots, achieves zero rejection for admissible demands, and minimizes the maximum percentage rejection of any connection. We also propose the Minimum Rejection Algorithm, which minimizes total rejection but treats non-critical connections in a fair manner. Finally, we introduce a feedback control system based on Smith’s principle that reduces the effect of prediction errors and increases the speed of the response to the sudden changes in traffic arrival rates. Simulations performed using OPNET Modeler explore the performance of the scheduling and control algorithms we propose.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson T., Owicki S., Saxe J., Thacker C.: High-speed switch scheduling for local-area networks. ACM Trans. Comp. Syst. 11(4), 319–352 (1993)
Bauer, P.H., Sichitiu, M.L., Ernst, R., Premaratne, K.: A new class of Smith predictors for network congestion control. In: Proceedings of International IEEE Conference on Electronics, Circuits, and Systems (ICECS), St. Julian’s, Malta, pp. 685–688 (2001)
Bianco A., Careglio D., Finochietto J., Galante G., Leonardi E., Neri F., Solé-Pareta J., Spadaro S.: Multiclass scheduling algorithms for the DAVID metro network. IEEE J. Sel. Area Comm. 22(8), 1483–1496 (2004)
Bochmann, G., Coates, M., Hall, T., Mason, L., Vickers, R., Yang, O.: The agile all-photonic network: An architectural outline. In: Proceedings of Queens’ Biennial Symposium on Communications, Kingston, Canada, pp. 217–218 (2004)
Bogineni K., Sivalingham K.M., Dowd P.W.: Low-complexity multiple access protocols for wavelength-division multiplexed photonic networks. IEEE J. Sel. Area Comm. 11(4), 590–604 (1993)
Cormen T., Leiserson C., Rivest R., Stein C.: Introduction to Algorithms. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA (2001)
Crescenzi P., Deng X., Papadimitriou C.H.: On approximating a scheduling problem. J. Comb. Optim. 5(3), 287–297 (2001)
Ford L.R. Jr, Fulkerson D.R.: Maximal flow through a network. Can. J. Math. 8, 399–404 (1956)
Ganz A., Gao Y.: Efficient algorithms for SS/TDMA scheduling. IEEE Trans. Comm. 40(6), 1367–1374 (1992a)
Ganz, A., Gao, Y.: A time-wavelength assignment algorithm for a WDM star network. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, Florence, Italy, vol. 3, pp. 2144–2150 (1992)
Gopal I.S., Wong C.K.: Minimizing the number of switchings in an SS/TDMA system. IEEE Trans. Comm. 33, 1497–1501 (1985)
Keslassy, I., Kodialam, M., Lakshman, T., Stiliadis, D.: Scheduling schemes for delay graphs with applications to optical packet networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE Workshop High Performance Switching and Routing, Phoenix, AZ (2003)
Liu, X., Saberi, N., Coates, M., Mason, L.: A comparison between time-slot scheduling approaches for all-photonic networks. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Inf., Comm. and Signal Processing (ICICS), Bangkok, Thailand, pp. 1197–1201 (2005)
Marsan M., Bianco A., Leonardi E., Neri F., Nucci A.: Simple on-line scheduling algorithms for all-optical broadcast-and select networks. IEEE Eur. Trans. Telecom. 11(1), 109–116 (2000)
Mascolo S.: Congestion control in high-speed communication networks using the Smith principle. Automatica 35(12), 1921–1935 (1999)
Mason L., Vinokurov A., Zhao N., Plant D.: Topological design and dimensioning of agile all photonic networks. Comput. Netw. 50(2), 268–287 (2006)
Mataušek M., Micić A.: A modified Smith predictor for controlling a process with an integrator and long dead-time. IEEE Trans. Automat. Cont. 41(8), 1199–1203 (1996)
McKeown, N. Scheduling algorithms for input-queued cell switches. Ph.D. thesis, University of California at Berkeley (1995)
McKeown, N., Anantharam, V., Walrand, J.: Achieving 100% throughput in an input-queued switch. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, San Francisco, CA, vol. 1, pp. 296–302 (1996)
Opnet Technologies, Inc: OPNET modeler 12.1. http://www.opnet.com(2008)
Peng, C., Paredes, S., Hall, T.J., von Bochmann, G.: Constructing service matrices for agile all-optical cores. In: Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Computers and Communication (ISCC), Sardinia, Italy, pp. 967–973 (2006)
Pomalaza-Raez C.A.: A note on efficient SS/TDMA assignment algorithms. IEEE Trans. Comm. 36, 1078–1082 (1988)
Ramaswami R., Sivarajan K.: Routing and wavelength assignment in all-optical networks. IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. 3(5), 489–500 (1995)
Rivera D.E., Morari M., Skogestad S.: Internal model control. 4. PID controller design. Ind. Eng. Chem. Proc. Design Dev. 25, 252–265 (1986)
Rouskas, G.N., Ammar, M.H.: Analysis and optimization of transmission schedules for single-hop WDM networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, San Francisco, CA, vol. 3, pp. 1342–1349 (1993)
Saberi, N.: Bandwidth allocation and scheduling in photonic networks. PhD thesis, McGill University (2007)
Saberi, N., Coates, M.: Fair matching algorithm: An optimal scheduling algorithm for the AAPN network. Technical report, McGill University, Montreal, Canada (2005), available at http://www.tsp.ece.mcgill.ca/Networks/publications.html
Saberi, N., Coates, M.: Fair matching algorithm: Fixed-length frame scheduling in all-photonic networks. In: Proceedings of IASTED International Conference Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Alberta, Canada, pp. 213–218 (2006)
Saberi, N., Coates, M.: Minimum rejection scheduling in all-photonic networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE BROADNETS, San Jose, CA, pp. 1–10 (2006)
Saberi, N., Coates, M.: Feedback control system for scheduling of wide-area all-photonic networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium Computers and Communication (ISCC), Aveiro, Portugal, pp. 115–120 (2007)
Sang, A., Li, S.Q.: A predictability analysis of network traffic. In: Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM, Tel Aviv, Israel, vol. 1, pp. 342–351 (2000)
Smith O.: A controller to overcome dead-time. J. ISA 6(2), 28–33 (1959)
Towles B., Dally W.J.: Guaranteed scheduling for switches with configuration overhead. IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. 11(5), 835–847 (2003)
Xu L., Perros H., Rouskas G.: Techniques for optical packet switching and optical burst switching. IEEE Comm. Mag. 39(1), 136–142 (2001)
Zheng, J., Peng, C., von Bochmann, G., Hall, T.J.: Load balancing in all-optical overlaid-star tdm networks. In: Proceedings of IEEE Sarnoff Symposium, Princeton, NJ, pp. 1–4 (2006)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Saberi, N., Coates, M.J. Scheduling in overlaid star all-photonic networks with large propagation delays. Photon Netw Commun 17, 157–169 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-008-0150-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11107-008-0150-1