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Veronaea botryosa: Molecular Identification with Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and In vitro Antifungal Susceptibility

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Abstract

Inter- and intraspecific genomic variability of 18 isolates of Veronaea botryosa originating from clinical and environmental sources was studied using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). The species was originally described from the environment, but several severe cases of disseminated infection in apparently healthy individuals have been reported worldwide. All tested strains of V. botryosa, identified on the basis of sequencing and phenotypic and physiological criteria prior to our study, were confirmed by AFLP analysis, yielding a clear separation of V. botryosa as a rather homogeneous group from related species. In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing resulted in MIC90s across all strains in increasing order posaconazole (0.25 μg/ml), itraconazole (1 μg/ml), voriconazole (4 μg/ml), terbinafine (4 μg/ml), caspofungin (8 μg/ml), anidulafungin (8 μg/ml), isavuconazole (16 μg/ml), amphotericin B (16 μg/ml), and fluconazole (32 μg/ml). Overall, the isolates showed a uniform pattern of low MICs of itraconazole and posaconazole, but high MICs for remaining agents. The echinocandins (caspofungin and anidulafungin) had no activity against V. botryosa. There was no statistically significant difference between susceptibilities of environmental (n = 11) and clinical (n = 7) isolates of V. botryosa (P > 0.05).

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Acknowledgments

H. Badali and S. A. Yazdanparast were financially supported by the Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, and the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, respectively, which we gratefully acknowledge. This study was partly funded by an educational grant from Basilea Pharmaceutica International AG, Basel, Switzerland.

Conflict of interest

J.F.M. received grants form Astellas, Merck, Basilea, and Schering-Plough. He has been a consultant to Basilea and Merck and received speaker’s fees from Merck, Pfizer, Schering-Plough, Gilead, and Janssen Pharmaceutica. All other authors: no potential conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    Hamid Badali & Bita Mousavi

  2. Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC)/Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center (MCBRC), School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran

    Hamid Badali

  3. Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Alleid Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Seyed Amir Yazdanparast

  4. Hospital General de Mexico, Mycology Department, Service of Dermatology, Mexico City, Mexico

    Alexandro Bonifaz

  5. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    G. Sybren de Hoog

  6. Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital, P.O. Box 9015, Nijmegen, 6500 GS, The Netherlands

    Corné H. W. Klaassen & Jacques F. Meis

  7. Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Jacques F. Meis

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  1. Hamid Badali
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Correspondence to Jacques F. Meis.

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Badali, H., Yazdanparast, S.A., Bonifaz, A. et al. Veronaea botryosa: Molecular Identification with Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and In vitro Antifungal Susceptibility. Mycopathologia 175, 505–513 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-013-9631-6

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