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Chemomechanics of ionically conductive ceramics for electrical energy conversion and storage

  • JECR SPECIAL ISSUE ON ELECTRO-CHEMO-MECHANICS
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Abstract

Functional materials for energy conversion and storage exhibit strong coupling between electrochemistry and mechanics. For example, ceramics developed as electrodes for both solid oxide fuel cells and batteries exhibit cyclic volumetric expansion upon reversible ion transport. Such chemomechanical coupling is typically far from thermodynamic equilibrium, and thus is challenging to quantify experimentally and computationally. In situ measurements and atomistic simulations are under rapid development to explore how this coupling can be used to potentially improve both device performance and durability. Here, we review the commonalities of coupling between electrochemical and mechanical states in fuel cell and battery materials, illustrating with specific cases the progress in materials processing, in situ characterization, and computational modeling and simulation. We also highlight outstanding questions and opportunities in these applications – both to better understand the limiting mechanisms within the materials and to significantly advance the durability and predictability of device performance required for renewable energy conversion and storage.

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Acknowledgments

Support from the U.S. Department of Energy Basic Energy Sciences Division of Materials Sciences and Engineering (J. Vetrano, Program Officer), grant DE-SC0002633 is gratefully acknowledged. This work is also supported in part by the Department of Energy Office of Science Graduate Fellowship Program (DOE SCGF), made possible in part by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, administered by ORISE-ORAU under contract no. DE-AC05-06OR23100.J. Swallow further acknowledges support from the MIT DMSE Salapatas Fellowship. K. J. Van Vliet also acknowledges support from the Presidential Early Career Award in Science and Engineering (PECASE) administered by the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research.

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  1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    J. G. Swallow, W. H. Woodford, Q. Lu, J. J. Kim, D. Chen, Y.-M. Chiang, W. C. Carter, H. L. Tuller & K. J. Van Vliet

  2. Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Y. Chen & B. Yildiz

  3. Laboratory for Material Chemomechanics (8-237), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    K. J. Van Vliet

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  1. J. G. Swallow
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Swallow, J.G., Woodford, W.H., Chen, Y. et al. Chemomechanics of ionically conductive ceramics for electrical energy conversion and storage. J Electroceram 32, 3–27 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10832-013-9872-2

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