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In vitro analysis of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human teeth and bone marrow

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Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells derived from human teeth and bone marrow have been characterized by many research groups, but demonstrate inconsistent cellular phenotypes or functions, partly because of differences in culture methodology. Therefore, our aims were to resolve these inconsistencies and discuss the potential uses of these cells in research/clinical applications. We isolated and characterized dental stem cells (DSCs) from the dental pulp, periodontal ligament, apical papilla (APSCs) and dental follicle (DFSCs) of mature and immature teeth, along with bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) from the iliac crest. We compared the clonogenic and proliferative potentials of these cells in terms of colony-forming efficiency, proliferation potential, population doubling time and cell cycle. All DSCs, particularly APSCs and DFSCs, possessed greater proliferative potential than BMSCs. All stem cells expressed typical mesenchymal and embryonic markers, and developed alizarin red-positive mineralization nodules and Oil red O-positive lipid droplets when cultured in osteogenic and adipogenic media, respectively. Immunocytochemistry revealed that all stem cells developed neuronal markers when cultured in a control medium without neural inductive supplements. After 7 days of neurogenic culture, the differentiated cells showed a transition from fibroblast-like to neuron-like cell bodies with long processes, suggesting that the stem cells differentiated into mature neurons. Karyotyping confirmed that the stem cells maintained a normal karyotype and were chromosomally stable. Our results provide new insights into the physiological properties of stem cells with a normal karyotype and indicate that DSCs are appropriate for basic research and clinical applications.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No. 20390501 to H. I., S. S., T. N. and 19791467 to T. N.) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan; the Science Research Promotion Fund (2008–2010 to T. N., H. I., S. S.) from the Promotion and Mutual Aid Corporation for Private Schools of Japan; and a Research Grant (2009–2010 to T. N., H. I., S. S.) from the Nippon Dental University.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Developmental and Regenerative Dentistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan

    Yuichi Tamaki & Taka Nakahara

  2. Department of NDU Life Sciences, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan

    Hiroshi Ishikawa

  3. Division of Cell Regeneration and Transplantation, Advanced Research Center, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8580, Japan

    Soh Sato

  4. Department of Periodontology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuo-ku, Niigata, 951-8580, Japan

    Soh Sato

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  1. Yuichi Tamaki
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  2. Taka Nakahara
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  3. Hiroshi Ishikawa
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Correspondence to Taka Nakahara.

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Tamaki, Y., Nakahara, T., Ishikawa, H. et al. In vitro analysis of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human teeth and bone marrow. Odontology 101, 121–132 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-012-0075-0

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