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Timing, styles, and kinematics of Cambro–Ordovician extension in the Teplá–Barrandian Unit, Bohemian Massif, and its bearing on the opening of the Rheic Ocean

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Abstract

This paper describes late Cambrian dikes and Early Ordovician volcano-sedimentary successions of the Prague Basin, Bohemian Massif, to discuss the timing and kinematics of breakup of the northern margin of Gondwana. Andesitic dikes indicate minor E–W crustal extension in the late Cambrian, whereas the Tremadocian to Dapingian lithofacies distribution and linear array of depocenters suggest opening of this Rheic Ocean rift-related basin during NW–SE pure shear-dominated extension. This kinematic change was associated with the onset of basic submarine volcanism, presumably resulting from decompression mantle melting as the amount of extension increased. We conclude from these inferences and from a comparison with other Avalonian–Cadomian terranes that the rifting along the northern Gondwana margin was a two-stage process involving one major pulse of terrane detachment in the early Cambrian and one in the Early Ordovician. While the geodynamic cause for the former phase remains unclear, but still may include effects of Cadomian subduction (roll-back, slab break-off), isostatic rebound, or mantle plume, the incipient stage of the latter phase may have been triggered by the onset of subduction of the Iapetus Ocean at around 510 Ma, followed by advanced extension broadly coeval (Tremadocian to Darriwilian) in large portions of the Avalonian–Cadomian belt. Unequal amounts of extension resulted in the separation and drift of some terranes, while other portions of the belt remained adjacent to Gondwana.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge Martin Oczlon and Ulf Linnemann for their very constructive reviews which helped to improve the original manuscript significantly. Michal Mergl is thanked for showing us some of the well-hidden dikes in the Plzeň area. Financial support for this research was provided by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic through Grants No. 205/09/0630 (to František Holub) and No. P210/10/2351 (to Petr Pruner), and by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic through Research Plans No. MSM0021620855 and SVV261203. This study is also part of the Ph.D. research of Jaroslava Hajná.

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  1. Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, 12843, Prague, Czech Republic

    Jiří Žák, Petr Kraft & Jaroslava Hajná

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  1. Jiří Žák
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Žák, J., Kraft, P. & Hajná, J. Timing, styles, and kinematics of Cambro–Ordovician extension in the Teplá–Barrandian Unit, Bohemian Massif, and its bearing on the opening of the Rheic Ocean. Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch) 102, 415–433 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-012-0811-2

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