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Influence of macular oedema on the measurement of macular pigment optical density

  • Retinal Disorders
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Abstract

Introduction

The purpose of this study was to determine macular pigment optical density (MPOD) in patients with macular degeneration as well as in patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Methods

Fifty-one phakic patients with either age-related macular degeneration (60 eyes of 30 patients; average age, 70.9 years) or non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (42 eyes of 21 patients; average age, 61.7 years) were included in this cross-sectional study. Within the groups, patients were divided into those suffering from macular oedema and those with no oedema. An intra-subject comparison between eyes was carried out in both groups. Data were investigated on the basis of the coefficient of determination (R 2). Macular pigment optical density was measured by fundus reflectometry using the one-wavelength reflection method (Visucam 500; Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany), in conformity with the method described by Schweitzer et al. (2010). We evaluated the maximum optical density in the measurement area (max OD) and the average optical density across the reference area in the measurement area (mean OD). Specifically, the influence of macular oedema on macular pigment optical density was examined. The subsequent measurement of retinal thickness was carried out by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis SD-OCT, Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany).

Results

The current study included two groups. The first group consisted of patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, as follows: no macular oedema on either side (max OD: R 2 = 43.2 %, p = 0.16; mean OD: R 2 = 68.7 %, p = 0.04); one-sided macular oedema (max OD: R2 = 16 %, p = 0.60; mean OD: R2 = 100 %, p = 0.04); or macular oedema in both eyes (max OD: R2 = 79.7 %, p < 0.01; mean OD: R2 = 81.4 %, p < 0.01). The second group comprised patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), as follows: non-exudative changes on both sides (max OD: R2 = 64.0 %, p = 0.20; mean OD: R 2 = 16 %, p = 0.60); one-sided exudative macular changes (max OD: R 2 = 50.6 %, p < 0.01; mean OD: R 2 = 20.8 %, p = 0.04); or exudative macular degeneration on both sides (max OD: 3 R 2 = 6.0 %, p = 0.29; mean OD: R 2= 81.0 %, p = 0.04). The data available presented a correlation of MPOD values of both eyes of an individual within the groups investigated. In this respect, the data of the partner eyes within the group of patients with diabetic retinopathy were more highly correlated with each other than the values of both eyes of patients suffering from age-related macular degeneration.

Conclusions

The present study showed that macular oedema did not seem to have an influence on a valid measurement of MPOD by one-wavelength fundus reflectometry. Thus, meaningful data could also be obtained on patients with exudative retinal changes.

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Conflict of interest

All authors certify that they have NO affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstrasse 10-14, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Simone Thiele, Franziska Georgia Rauscher, Peter Wiedemann & Jens Dawczynski

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  1. Simone Thiele
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  2. Franziska Georgia Rauscher
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  3. Peter Wiedemann
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  4. Jens Dawczynski
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Correspondence to Jens Dawczynski.

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Thiele, S., Rauscher, F.G., Wiedemann, P. et al. Influence of macular oedema on the measurement of macular pigment optical density. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 254, 455–465 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-015-3079-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-015-3079-y

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