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Electrical monitoring of polyelectrolyte multilayer formation by means of capacitive field-effect devices

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Abstract

The semiconductor field-effect platform represents a powerful tool for detecting the adsorption and binding of charged macromolecules with direct electrical readout. In this work, a capacitive electrolyte–insulator–semiconductor (EIS) field-effect sensor consisting of an Al-p-Si-SiO2 structure has been applied for real-time in situ electrical monitoring of the layer-by-layer formation of polyelectrolyte (PE) multilayers (PEM). The PEMs were deposited directly onto the SiO2 surface without any precursor layer or drying procedures. Anionic poly(sodium 4-styrene sulfonate) and cationic weak polyelectrolyte poly(allylamine hydrochloride) have been chosen as a model system. The effect of the ionic strength of the solution, polyelectrolyte concentration, number and polarity of the PE layers on the characteristics of the PEM-modified EIS sensors have been studied by means of capacitance–voltage and constant-capacitance methods. In addition, the thickness, surface morphology, roughness and wettabilityof the PE mono- and multilayers have been characterised by ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy and water contact-angle methods, respectively. To explain potential oscillations on the gate surface and signal behaviour of the capacitive field-effect EIS sensor modified with a PEM, a simplified electrostatic model that takes into account the reduced electrostatic screening of PE charges by mobile ions within the PEM has been proposed and discussed.

Label-free electrical monitoring of polyelectrolyte multilayer formation by means of a capacitive field-effect sensor consisting of Al-p-Si-SiO2 structure. The consecutive adsorption of oppositely charged polyelectrolyte layers leads to alternating shifts of the capacitance-voltage and constant-capacitance curves, whereas the direction of these shifts correlates with the charge sign of the terminating polyelectrolyte layer

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Acknowledgments

A.G. Cherstvy gratefully acknowledges the financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. The authors thank H.-P. Bochem for technical support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Nano- and Biotechnologies (INB), Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Campus Jülich, 52428, Jülich, Germany

    A. Poghossian, M. Weil & M. J. Schöning

  2. Department of Informatics and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences Kaiserslautern, Campus Zweibrücken, 67657, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    M. Weil

  3. Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-8), Research Centre Jülich GmbH, 52428, Jülich, Germany

    A. Poghossian & M. J. Schöning

  4. Max-Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, 01187, Dresden, Germany

    A. G. Cherstvy

  5. Institute for Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Golm, 14476, Potsdam, Germany

    A. G. Cherstvy

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  1. A. Poghossian
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  2. M. Weil
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  3. A. G. Cherstvy
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  4. M. J. Schöning
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Poghossian.

Additional information

This paper is dedicated to Professor Franz Dickert on the occasion of his 70th birthday.

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Poghossian, A., Weil, M., Cherstvy, A.G. et al. Electrical monitoring of polyelectrolyte multilayer formation by means of capacitive field-effect devices. Anal Bioanal Chem 405, 6425–6436 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-6951-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-6951-9

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