Abstract
Papio-papio baboons may present two types of reflex paroxysmal manifestations:
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- Myoclonia and generalized seizures are induced by intermittent light stimulation in predisposed animals; this photosensitive epilepsy resembles that observed in some human patients; it involves mainly the cerebral cortex during myoclonia which are accompanied by EEG paroxysmal discharges, and the mesencephalic reticular formation during seizures;
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- Myoclonia of a different type, never accompanied by EEG paroxysmal discharged and never evolving into seizures, may occur during movement or agitation of predisposed animals; these myoclonia are considered “non-epileptic” since they do not involve the cerebral cortex but probably the lower brain stem; they resemble that observed in startle disease or in some human degenerative disorders.
The paper demonstrates that these manifestations constitute two different entities with clinical and electrophysiological characteristics as well as pharmacological reactivities completely different one from the other. Their “epileptic” or “non-epileptic” nature is discussed.
Sommario
I babuini Papio-papio possono presentare due tipi di manifestazioni parossistiche riflesse:
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- Mioclono e crisi convulsive generalizzate vengono indotte dalla stimolazione luminosa intermittente in animali predisposti; questo tipo di epilessia fotosensibile assomiglia a quella che si osserva in alcuni pazienti; interessa essenzialmente la corteccia cerebrale durante le mioclonie che sono accompagnate da scariche parossistiche EEG e la formazione reticolare mesencefalica durante le crisi convulsive.
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- Un diverso tipo di mioclonia, che non è mai accompagnata da scariche parossistiche EEG e non evolve mai in crisi generalizzate può manifestarsi durante il movimento o lo stato di agitazione in animali predisposti; queste mioclonie sono considerate “non epilettiche” perché non interessano la corteccia cerebrale ma probabilmente la porzione caudale del tronco encefalico; esse assomigliano a quelle che si osservano nella “startle disease” o in alcune malattie degenerative dell'uomo.
Il presente lavoro dimostra che queste manifestazioni costituiscono due entità distinte per caratteristiche elettrocliniche e reattività farmacologica. Viene discussa la natura “epilettica” o “non epilettica” dei due tipi di manifestazione.
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This work was essentially supported by Centre National de. la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and partially by the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale and the Fondation de France.
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Naquet, R., Silva-Barrat, C. & Menini, C. Reflex epilepsy in the Papio-papio baboon, particularly photosensitive epilepsy. Ital J Neuro Sci 16, 119–125 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02229084
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02229084