Skip to main content
Log in

Ochrobactrum anthropi bacteremia: Report of four cases and short review

Bakteriämie durch Ochrobactrum anthropi: Bericht über vier Fälle und kurze Übersicht

  • Case Report
  • Published:
Infection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Ochrobactrum anthropi, formerly“Achromobacter” CDC group Vd, is a nonfermentative, nonfastidious gram-negative bacillus, that only recently has been given attention as a potential human pathogen. Over a 2-year period, we observed four patients with multiple blood cultures that were positive for the organism. The patients had acute leukemia as underlying disease, and presented with clinical and microbiologic features consistent with catheter-related bacteremia. In three of the patients the infection initially appeared to be unrelated to chemotherapy-associated profound neutropenia and occurred early after, or was the reason for, hospital admission. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates varied: unlike previously reported cases, resistance in some of our isolates included aminoglycosides, newer fluoroquinolones, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Despitein vitro susceptibility to imipenem in initial isolates, treatment of two patients with this agent obviously failed to eradicate the organism, and the patients either relapsed with bacteremia shortly after discontinuation of treatment or remained persistently febrile and bacteremic.O. anthropi appears to be increasingly recognized as a human opportunist pathogen associated with intravascular catheters and unpredictable multiple antibiotic resistance.

Zusammenfassung

Ochrobactrum anthropi, früher als„Achromobacter“-Gruppe CDC Vd bezeichnet, ist ein nicht-fermentatives, anspruchslos wachsendes gram-negatives Stäbchen, das erst seit kurzer Zeit als potentiell humanpathogen gilt. Während einer 2-Jahresperiode beobachteten wir vier Patienten, bei denen dieses Bakterium aus mehreren Blutkulturen isoliert wurde. Die Patienten hatten als Grunderkrankung eine akute Leukämie. Bei drei Patienten trat die Infektion jedoch unabhängig von einer schweren Neutropenie auf. Vielmehr war sie hier entweder die Ursache der Krankenhausaufnahme, oder sie trat bereits sehr kurz nach Krankenhausaufnahme auf. Die Infektion erschien nach klinischen und mikrobiologischen Befunden in allen Fällen als Katheter-assoziierte Bakteriämie. Die antimikrobielle Empfindlichkeit der Isolate war sehr uneiheitlich: im Unterschied zu früheren Berichten waren einige unserer Isolate auch resistent gegenüber Aminoglykosiden, neueren Fluorochinolonen und gegenüber Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazol. Die Therapie mit Imipenem bei zwei Patienten war trotzIn-vitro-Empfindlichkeit nicht erfolgreich. Ein Patient hatte erneute Bakteriämien durch den Erreger jeweils kurz nach Ende der Therapie, der andere Patient blieb unter Therapie febril und bakteriämisch.Ochrobactrum anthropi muß als nicht selten multiresistenter, opportunistischer humanpathogener Erreger vor allem Katheter-assoziierter Infektionen angesehen werden.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Holmes, B., Popoff, M., Kiredjian, M., Kersters, K. Ochrobactrum anthropi gen. nov., sp. nov. from human clinical specimens and previously known as group Vd.. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 38 (1988) 406–416.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Pickett, M. J., Hollis, D. G., Bottone, E. J. Miscellaneous gram-negative bacteria. In:Balows, A., Hausler, W. J., Herrmann, K. L., Isenberg, H. D., Shadomy, H. J. (eds.): Manual of Clinical Microbiology. 5th ed. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D. C., 1991, pp. 410–428.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Cieslak, T. J., Robb, M. L., Drabick, C. J., Fischer, G. E. Catheter-associated sepsis caused byOchrobactrum anthropi: report of a case and review of related nonfermentative bacteria. Clin. Infect. Dis. 14 (1992) 902–907.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Appelbaum, P. C., Campbell, D. B. Pancreatic abscess associated withAchromobacter group Vd biovar 1. J. Clin. Microbiol. 12 (1980) 282–283.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Kish, M. A., Buggy, B. P., Forbes, B. A. Bacteremia caused byAchromobacter species in an immunocompromised host. J. Clin. Microbiol. 19 (1984) 947–948.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Barson, W. J., Cromer, B. A., Marcon, M. J. Puncture wound osteochondritis of the foot caused by CDC group Vd. J. Clin. Microbiol. 25 (1987) 2014–2016.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Van Horn, K. G., Gedris, C. A., Ahmed, T., Wormser, G. P. Bacteremia and urinary tract infection associated with CDC group Vd biovar 2. J. Clin. Microbiol. 27 (1989) 201–202.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Cieslak, T. J., Drabick, C. J., Robb, M. L.: Ochrobactrum anthropi, a novel nosocomial pathogen. Abstracts of the 32nd Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, 1992, p. 222

  9. Gransden, W. R., Eykyn, S. J. Seven cases of bacteremia due toOchrobactrum anthropi. Clin. Infect. Dis. 15 (1992) 1068–1069.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V. Medizinische Mikrobiologie — Normen und weitere Unterlagen. Beuth Verlag, Berlin-Köln, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Acar, J. F., Goldstein, F. W. Disk susceptibility test. In:Lorian, V. (ed.): Antibiotics in laboratory medicine, 3rd edition. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD, 1991, pp. 17–52.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Amsterdam, D. Susceptibility testing of antimicrobials in liquid media. In:Lorian, V. (ed.): Antibiotics in laboratory medicine, 3rd edition. Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, MD, 1991, pp. 53–105.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Edmond, M. B., Riddler, S. A., Baxter, C. M., Wicklund, B. M., Pasculle, A. W. Agrobacterium radiobacter: a recently recognized opportunistic pathogen. Clin. Infect. Dis. 16 (1993) 388–391.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Mandell, W. F., Garvey, G. J., Neu, H. C. Achromobacter xylosoxidans bacteremia. Rev. Infect. Dis. 9 (1987) 1001–1005.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Rozdzinski, E., Kern, W., Schmeiser, T.: “Nonfermenter”-Bakteriämien bei Immunsuppression. 1. Deutscher Kongreß für Infektions-und Tropenmedizin, 1991, Abstract 375.

  16. Rozdzinski, E., Kern, W., Krieger, D.: Infektion durchAgrobacterium radiobacter bei zwei Patienten mit akuter Leukämie. 1. Deutscher Kongreß für Infektions- und Tropenmedizin, 1991, Abstract 376.

  17. Kern, W., Rozdzinski, E., Schmeiser, T., Hertenstein, B., Arnold, R., Kurrle, E.: Emerging bacterial pathogens in patients with acute leukemia: viridans streptococci and non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli. Ann. Hematol. 64 (1992) A112.

  18. Marshall, W. F., Keating, M. R., Anhalt, J. P., Steckelberg, J. M. Xanthomonas maltophilia: an emerging nosocomial pathogen. Mayo Clin. Proc. 64 (1989) 1097–1104.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Elting, L. S., Bodey, G. P. Septicemia due toXanthomonas species and non-aeruginosaPseudomonas species; increasing incidence of catheter-related infections. Medicine 69 (1990) 296–306.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Joly-Guillou, M. L., Bergogne-Berezin, E. Evolution d'Acinetobacter calcoaceticus en milieu hospitalier, de 1971 à 1984. Presse Méd. 14 (1985) 2331–2335.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Rolston, K., Guan, Z., Bodey, G. P., Elting, L. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus septicemia in patients with cancer. Southern Med. J. 78 (1985) 647–651.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Pallent, L. J., Hugo, W. B., Grant, D. J. W. Pseudomonas cepacia as contaminant and infective agent. J. Hosp. Infect. 4 (1983) 9–13.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Morrison, A. J., Shulman, J. A. Community-acquired blood-stream infection caused byPseudomonas paucimobilis: case report and review of the literature. J. Clin. Microbiol. 24 (1986) 853–855.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Lacey, S., Want, S. V. Pseudomonas pickettii infections in a paediatric oncology unit. J. Hosp. Infect. 17 (1991) 45–51.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Pegues, D. A., Carson, L. A., Anderson, R. L., Norgard, M. J., Argent, T. A., Jarvis, W. R., Woernle, C. H. Outbreak ofPseudomonas cepacia bacteremia in oncology patients. Clin. Infect. Dis. 16 (1993) 407–411.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kern, W.V., Oethinger, M., Marre, R. et al. Ochrobactrum anthropi bacteremia: Report of four cases and short review. Infection 21, 306–310 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01712451

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01712451

Keywords

Navigation