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G Protein Trafficking

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GPCR Signalling Complexes – Synthesis, Assembly, Trafficking and Specificity

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 63))

Abstract

The classical view of heterotrimeric G protein signaling places G ­proteins at the cytoplasmic surface of the cell’s plasma membrane where they are activated by an appropriate G protein-coupled receptor. Once activated, the GTP-bound Gα and the free Gβγ are able to regulate plasma membrane-localized effectors, such as adenylyl cyclase, phospholipase C-β, RhoGEFs and ion channels. Hydrolysis of GTP by the Gα subunit returns the G protein to the inactive Gαβγ heterotrimer. Although all of these events in the G protein cycle can be restricted to the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane, G protein localization is dynamic. Thus, it has become increasingly clear that G proteins are able to move to diverse subcellular locations where they perform non-canonical signaling functions. This chapter will highlight our current understanding of trafficking pathways that target newly synthesized G proteins to the plasma membrane, activation-induced and reversible translocation of G proteins from the plasma membrane to intracellular locations, and constitutive trafficking of G proteins.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, 233 S. 10th St., 839 BLSB, Philadelphia, PA, 19107-5541, USA

    Philip B. Wedegaertner

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  1. Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, College Street 5968, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Nova Scotia, Canada

    Denis J. Dupré

  2. , Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Promenade Sir William Osler 3655, Montreal, H3G 1Y6, Québec, Canada

    Terence E. Hébert

  3. Institut Cochin, Rue Méchain 22, Paris, 75014, France

    Ralf Jockers

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Wedegaertner, P.B. (2012). G Protein Trafficking. In: Dupré, D., Hébert, T., Jockers, R. (eds) GPCR Signalling Complexes – Synthesis, Assembly, Trafficking and Specificity. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 63. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4765-4_11

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