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Unravelling the Plant Cell Cycle in Nematode Induced Feeding Sites

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Genomics and Molecular Genetics of Plant-Nematode Interactions

Abstract

Cell cycle activation is a key component of host plant manipulation by sedentary nematodes. It is generally believed that root-knot nematodes induce giant cells by repeated cycles of acytokinetic mitosis accompanied by endocycles while cyst nematodes induce extra rounds of DNA synthesis. Microscopic expression analysis of genes that encode key regulators of the cell cycle and the use of cell cycle inhibitors demonstrate that endoreduplication cycles may play a role in both giant cell and syncytium formation, while mitosis is essential for giant cell development and syncytium expansion (via fusion of neighbouring cells). When mitosis is blocked, gall development is completely inhibited, indicating that cycles of endoreduplication or other means of DNA amplification are insufficient to drive giant cell expansion. DNA synthesis is required for both gall and syncytium development.

With the current knowledge available on the plant cell cycle, and particularly the genes involved in endoreduplication, their specific role in feeding site development can be determined more precisely to provide insight on how cell cycle processes underlie development of both giant cells and syncytia. It is still unknown whether signals from the nematode directly induce the sophisticated changes in the cell cycle that occur in developing feeding sites. Increasing knowledge on nematode secreted proteins active during parasitism will facilitate the identification of possible triggers of the plant cell cycle during this complex plant-pathogen interaction.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Christian Slagmulder for the schematic drawing in Fig. 17.1.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UMR IBSV; INRA (1301)/CNRS (6243), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, 400 Route des Chappes, 06903, Sophia Antipolis, France

    Janice de Almeida Engler

  2. UMR IBSV; INRA (1301)/CNRS (6243), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, 400 Route des Chappes, 06903, Sophia Antipolis, France

    Gilbert Engler

  3. Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium

    Godelieve Gheysen

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  2. Gilbert Engler
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  3. Godelieve Gheysen
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Janice de Almeida Engler .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Plant Pathology, Scottish Crop Research Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, United Kingdom

    John Jones

  2. , Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, Ghent, 9000, Belgium

    Godelieve Gheysen

  3. , Environmental Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III. s/n, Toledo, E-45071, Spain

    Carmen Fenoll

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© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.

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Engler, J., Engler, G., Gheysen, G. (2011). Unravelling the Plant Cell Cycle in Nematode Induced Feeding Sites. In: Jones, J., Gheysen, G., Fenoll, C. (eds) Genomics and Molecular Genetics of Plant-Nematode Interactions. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0434-3_17

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