Abstract
In terms of access, the most important issue is the provision of basic education to vast numbers of children who do not receive any education. A few years ago, there were around 103 million children who did not attend school (United Nations 2008: 15). Through determined efforts by many agencies at international and national levels this number has now been reduced to 73 million children in 2006 (United Nations 2008: 15). To provide education to these children, at least 18 million teachers need to be educated and trained (United Nations 2008).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aikman, S. (1999). Intercultural Education and Literacy. Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamin Publishing Company.
Asser, H., Trasberg, K, and Vassilchenko, L. (2004). Intercultural education in the curriculum: Some comparative aspects from the Baltic and Nordic countries. Intercultural Education 15(1): 33–43.
Beteille, A. (2007). The school and the community. Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, 21(3): 191–201.
Bochaca, J. G. (March 2006). Ethnic minorities and the Spanish and Catalan education systems: from exclusion to intercultural education. International Journal of Intercultural Relations 30(2): 261–279.
Bourdieu, P. (1991). Languages and Symbolic Power. Cambridge: Polity Press.
Bradley, D. (2003). Lisu. In Thurgood, G. and LaPolla, R. J. (eds.). The Sino-Tibetan Languages. London: Routledge Language Family Series.
Chinai, R. (6 February 2007). Goa Wrestles with Language in Schools. India Together http://indiatogether.com/states/goa.htm Accessed 16 January 2009.
Cohen, P. (1991). Monstrous Images, Perverse Reasons Cultural Studies in Anti-Racist Education Working Paper No. 11. London: Centre for Multicultural Education, University of London.
Commonwealth Secretariat (2007). The Commonwealth Plan of Action for Youth Empowerment (PAYE) 2007–2015. London: Commonwealth Secretariat, http://www.thecommonwealth.org/shared_asp_files/GFSR.asp?NodeID=169313 Last accessed 10th April 2009.
Dreze, J., and Sen, A. (2002). India Development and Participation. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Garner, R. (August 26, 2008). Black history to be taught in school as part of curriculum. The Independent http://www.independent.co.uk/news/education/black-history-to-be-taught-in-school-as-part-of-curriculum-908620.html Accessed 16 January 2009.
Government of India, (2001). Report of Working Group on Adolescents, 10th Five Year Plan (2002–2007). New Delhi: Planning Commission.
Gundara, J. (1982). Issues of Linguistic Diversity. In, Russell, R. (ed.), Urdu in Britain. Karachi: Urdu Markaz, pp. 7–15.
Gundara, J. (1986). Education for a Multicultural Society. In Gundara, J., Jones, C., and Kimberley, K. (eds), Racism, Diversity and Education. London: Hodder and Stoughton.
Gundara, J. (2003). Intercultural Education: World on the brink? London: Institute of Education, University of London.
Gundara, J. and Peffers, J. (2005). Quality Education for All in Kosovo. UNICEF, http://www.see-educoop.net/education_in/pdf/Unicef-QualityEducationforAllinKosovofinal.pdf Last accessed 10 April 2009.
Gundara, J. and Sharma, N. (2009). Synergies and Critical Issues for Cooperative Learning and Intercultural Education. Milan: Edizioni Unicopli. (In print).
Gus, J. (2006). Up for Grabs? http://www.gusjohnpartnership.com/rsc/UFG.pdf Accessed 23 June 2008.
Kundu, M. (1994). Tribal Education: New Perspectives. New Delhi: Gyan Publishing House.
Luciak, M. (2006). Minority schooling and intercultural education: a comparison of recent developments in the old and new EU member states. Intercultural Education 17(1): 73–80.
Nieroda, J. (1995). Education for social solidarity and revolution: A closer look at intercultural Bilingual education in Peru. Languages, Communities and Education Spring: 55–64.
Pal, Y. (2005). NCERT Fourth National Steering Committee Meeting. http://ncert.nic.in/sites/publication/schoolcurriculum/minutes_4thmeeting_SC.htm.
Pandharipande, R. V. (2002). Minority matters: issues in minority languages in India. International Journal on Multicultural Societies (IJMS), 4(2): 213–234, http://www.unesco.org/most/vl4n2pandhari.pdf Last accessed April 20, 2009.
Pattanyak, D. P. (1987) Multilingualism and Multiculturalism: Britain and India, Occasional paper No. 6. London: International Centre for Intercultural Studies, Institute of Education, University of London, London.
Piaget, J. (1932). The Language and Thought of the Child. (2nd edn). New York: Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Probe Team, (1999). Public Report on Basic Education in India. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Robinson, C. (January 2004). Out-of-School Adolescents in South Asia: A Cross-National Study. UNESCO Literacy and Non-Formal Education Section, Cross-cutting project- empowering adolescent girls to become agents of social transformation.
Said, E. (1993). Culture and Imperialism. London: Chatto and Windus.
Schaeffer, S. (2003). Language development and Language Revitalisation: An Educational Imperative in Asia. Plenary Paper, SIL International, http://www.sil.org/asia/ldc/plenary_papers/sheldon_shaeffer.pdf Accessed 16 January 2009.
Sharma, N. (2008). Makiguchi and Gandhi: Their Educational Relevance for the 21st Century. Lanham, MD: University Press of America.
Sjögren, A. (ed.) (1997). Language and Environment. Botkyrka, Sweden: Multicultural Centre.
Sogren, A. (ed.) (1997). Language and Environment. Botkyrka, Sweden: Multicultural Centre.
Swain, M. (1996). Discovering successful second language teaching strategies and practices: from programme evaluation to classroom experimentation. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 17(2–4): 89–104. Also see http://wiki.elearning.ubc.ca/Language Accessed 16 January 2009.
Tibilisi, (1997). The Reform of History Teaching in Secondary Schools. Council of Europe. Georgia: Tibilisi, http://www.coe.int/t/e/cultural_co-operation/education/history_teaching/reform_of_history_teaching/Tbilisi_Initiative/index.asp Last accessed 10 April 2009.
Trapness, L. A. (2003). Some Key Issues in Intercultural Bilingual Education Teacher Training Programmes – as seen from a teacher training programme in Peruvian Amazon Basin. Comparative Education 39(2): 165–183.
UNESCO, (2000). The Dakar Framework for Action. Paris: UNESCO, http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001211/121147e.pdf Last accessed 10 April 2009.
UNESCO, (2003). Education in a Multilingual World. Paris: UNESCO Education Position Paper.
United Nations, (2008). The Millennium Development Goals Report 2008. New York: United Nations.
Visram, R. (2002). Asians in Britain: 400 Years of History. London: Pluto Press.
Wright, T. P. (2002). Strategies for the survival of formerly dominant languages. Annual of Urdu Studies, 17: 168–186.
Xaxa, V. (March 26, 2005). Politics of language, religion and identity: Tribes in India. Economic and Political Weekly, 1368–1370.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2010 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gundara, J.S., Sharma, N. (2010). Providing Access to Education: Intercultural and Knowledge Issues in the Curriculum. In: Mattheou, D. (eds) Changing Educational Landscapes. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8534-4_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8534-4_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-8533-7
Online ISBN: 978-90-481-8534-4
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawEducation (R0)