Skip to main content

Malignant Lesions of the Larynx and Hypopharynx

  • Chapter
Imaging of the Larynx

Part of the book series: Medical Radiology ((Med Radiol Diagn Imaging))

Abstract

Imaging is required to evaluate the submucosal extent of malignant laryngeal lesions. Hypopharyngeal malignancies are also included in this chapter, as due to the close anatomical relationship of both structures, malignancies originating in the hypopharynx commonly involve the larynx.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Banks ER, Frieson HF Jr, Mills SE, et al (1992) Basaloid-squa-mous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. A clinico-pathologic and immunohistochemical study of 40 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 16: 939 – 946

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Batsakis JG (1979) Tumors of the head and neck. Clinical and pathologic considerations, 2nd edn. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

  • Batsakis JG, El Naggar A (1989) Basaloid-squamous cell carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 98: 919 – 920

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becker M (1998a) Larynx and hypopharynx. Radiol Clin North Am 36: 891 – 920

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becker M (1998b) Diagnose und Stadieneinteilung von Larynxtumoren mittels CT und MRT. Der Radiologe 38: 93 – 100

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becker M (2000) Oral cavity, oropharynx and hypopharynx. Semin Roentgenol 35: 21 – 30

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becker M, Hasso AN (1996) Imaging of malignant neoplasms of the pharynx and larynx. In: Taveras JM, Ferruci JT (eds) Radiology: diagnosis imaging intervention. JB Lippincott, Philadelphia, pp 1 – 16

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker M, Kurt AM (1999) Infrahyoid neck: CT and MR imaging versus histopathology. Eur Radiol 9 [Suppl 2]: 53 – 68

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker M, Zbären P, Laeng H, et al (1995a) Neoplastic invasion of the laryngeal cartilage: comparison of MR imaging and CT with histopathologic correlation. Radiology 194: 661 – 669

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becker M, Zbären P, Laeng H (1995b) MRI and CT of unusual laryngeal neoplasms in adults: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics Supplement (compact disc), Selected Neuroradiology Scientific Exhibits, 15 (part 3), p 1268

    Google Scholar 

  • Becker M, Schroth G, Zbären P, et al (1997a) Long-term changes induced by high-dose irradiation of the head and neck region: imaging findings. Radiographics 17: 5 – 26

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becker M, Zbären P, Delavelle J, et al (1997b) Neoplastic Invasion of the laryngeal cartilage: reassessment of criteria for diagnosis at CT. Radiology 203: 521 – 532

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becker M, Moulin G, Kurt AM, et al (1998a) Non-squamous cell neoplasms of the larynx: radiologic-pathologic correlation. Radiographics 18: 1189 – 1209

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becker M, Moulin G, Kurt AM, et al (1998b) Atypical squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx and hypopharynx: radiologic features and pathologic correlation. Eur Radiol 8: 1541 – 1551

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becker M, Zbären P, Delavelle J, et al (1998c) Response to Letter to the Editor: Blow-out as a sign of cartilage invasion by laryngeal cancer. Radiology 207: 274 – 275

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett A, Carter RL, Stamford IF, et al (1980) Prostaglandin-like material extracted from squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Br J Cancer 41: 204 – 208

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brandsma JL, Steinberg BM, Abramson AL, et al (1986) Presence of human papilloma virus type 16 related sequences in verrucous carcinoma of the larynx. Cancer Res 46: 2185 – 2188

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Carter RL, Tanner NSB (1979) Local Invasion by laryngeal carcinoma: importance of focal ossification within laryngeal cartilage. Clin Otolaryngol 4: 283 – 290

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Castelijns JA, Gerritsen GJ, Kaiser MC, et al (1987) MRI of normal or cancerous laryngeal cartilages: histopathologic correlation. Laryngoscope 97: 1085 – 1093

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Castelijns JA, Gerritsen GJ, Kaiser MC, et al (1988) Invasion of laryngeal cartilage by cancer: comparison of CT and MR imaging. Radiology 167: 199 – 206

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Castelijns JA, Becker M, Hermans R (1996a) The impact of cartilage invasion on treatment and prognosis of laryngeal cancer. Eur Radiol 6: 156 – 169

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Castelijns JA, van den Brekel MWM, Tobi H, et al (1996b) Laryngeal carcinoma after radiation therapy: correlation of abnormal MR imaging signal patterns in laryngeal cartilage with the risk of recurrence. Radiology 198: 151 – 155

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Curtin HD (1989) Imaging of the larynx: current concepts. Radiology 173: 1 – 11

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Curtin HD (1995) The importance of imaging demonstration of neoplastic invasion of laryngeal cartilage. Radiology 194: 643 – 644

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Curtin HD (1996) Larynx. In: Som PM, Curtin HD (eds) Head and neck imaging, 3rd edn. Mosby Year Book, St. Louis, pp 612 – 707

    Google Scholar 

  • Dullerud R, Johansen JG, Dahl T, et al (1992) Influence of CT on tumor classification of laryngeal carcinomas. Acta Radiol 33: 314 – 318

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferlito A (1993) Neoplasms of the larynx. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh London Madrid Melbourne New York Tokyo, pp 1 – 590

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferlito A, Recher G (1980) Ackerman’s tumor (verrucous carcinoma) of the larynx. A clinicopathologic study of 77 cases. Cancer 46: 1617 – 1630

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gallo A, Mocetti P, De Vincentiis M, et al (1992) Neoplastic infiltration of laryngeal cartilages: histocytochemical study. Laryngoscope 102: 891 – 895

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Glanz H, Kleinsasser O (1987) Verrucous carcinoma of the larynx - a misnomer. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 244: 108 – 111

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gregor RT, Hammond K (1987) Framework invasion by laryngeal carcinoma. Am J Surg 154: 452 – 458

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gregor RT, Lloyd GAS, Michels L (1981) Computed tomography of the larynx: a clinical pathologic study. Head Neck Surgery 3: 284 – 296

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harrison DFN (1984) Significance and means by which laryngeal cancer invades thyroid cartilage. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 93: 293 – 296

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hermanek P, Henson DE, Hutter RVP, et al (eds) (1993) TNM supplement. A commentary on uniform use, 1st edn. Springer. Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 19–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Hermanek P, Hutter RVP, Sobin LH, et al (eds) (1998) TNM atlas: illustrated guide to the TNM/pTNM classification of malignant tumors, 4th edn. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 22–49

    Google Scholar 

  • Hermans R, Horvath M, De Schrijver T, et al (1994) Extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the head and neck. J Beige Radiol 77: 72 – 77

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hermans R, Van den Bogaert W, Rijnders A, et al (1999a) Value of computed tomography as outcome predictor of supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma treated by definitive radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 44: 755 – 765

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hermans R, Van den Bogaert W, Rijnders A, et al (1999b) Predicting the local outcome of glottic squamous cell carcinoma after definitive radiation therapy: value of computed tomography-determined tumor parameters. Radiother Oncol 50: 39 – 46

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hyams VJ, Batsakis JG, Michaels L (1988) Tumors of the upper respiratory tract and ear. In: Hartmann WH, Sobin LH (eds) Atlas of tumor pathology, 2nd series, fasc 25. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington DC, pp 1 – 182

    Google Scholar 

  • Kavanagh KT, Salazar JE, Babin RW (1985) Bone marrow expansion of the thyroid cartilage: a source of confusion with malignant invasion in CT studies. J Comput Assist Tomogr 9: 177 – 179

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirchner JA (1984) Invasion of the framework by laryngeal cancer. Acta Otolaryngol 97: 392 – 397

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirchner JA, Carter D (1987) Intralaryngeal barriers to the spread of cancer. Acta Otolaryngol 103: 503 – 513

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirchner JA, Fischer J (1975) Anterior commissure cancer - a clinical and laboratory study of 39 cases. Can J Otolaryngol 4: 637 – 643

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kleinsasser O (1988a) Epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis. In: Kleinsasser O (ed) Tumors of the larynx and hypopharynx. Thieme Medical Publishers, New York, pp 2 – 24

    Google Scholar 

  • Kleinsasser O (1988b) Other tumors. In: Tumors of the larynx and hypopharynx. ed. Kleinsasser O. Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. New York, pp 263 – 341

    Google Scholar 

  • Kleinsasser O (1988c) Pathology and biology. In: Kleinsasser O (ed) Tumors of the larynx and hypopharynx. Thieme Medical Publishers, New York, pp 25 – 123

    Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann W, Raymond L, Faggiano F, et al (1991) Cancer of the endolarynx, epilarynx and hypopharynx in southwestern Europe: assessment of tumoral origin and risk factors. Adv Otorhinolaryngol 46: 145 – 156

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levi F, Raymond L, Schüler G, et al (1998) Cancer en Suisse. Faits et commentaires. Association suisse des registres des tumeurs. Ligue suisse contre le cancer. Hertig & Co, Bienne, pp 1 – 60

    Google Scholar 

  • Loevner LA, Yousem DM, Montone KT, et al (1997) Can radiologists accurately predict preepiglottic space invasion with MR imaging? Am J Roentgenol 169: 1681 – 1687

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mafee MF, Schild JA, Valvassori GE, et al (1983) Computed tomography of the larynx: correlation with anatomic and pathologic studies in cases of laryngeal carcinoma. Radiology 147: 123 – 128

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mafee MF, Schild JA, Michael AS, et al (1984) Cartilage involvement in laryngeal carcinoma: correlation of CT and pathologic macrosection studies. J Comput Assist Tomogr 8: 969 – 973

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mancuso AA (1991) Evaluation and staging of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. In: Silver CE (ed) Laryngeal cancer. Thieme, New York, pp 46 – 94

    Google Scholar 

  • Mancuso AA, Hanafee WN (1979) A comparative evaluation of computed tomography and laryngography. Radiology 133: 131 – 138

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mancuso A A, Hanafee WN (1983) Elusive head and neck carcinomas beneath intact mucosa. Laryngoscope 93: 133 – 139

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mancuso AA, Hanafee WN (1985) Larynx and hypopharynx. In: Mancuso AA, Hanafee WN (eds) Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of the head and neck, 2nd edn. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 1 – 503

    Google Scholar 

  • Mancuso AA, Hanafee WN, Juillard GJF, et al (1977) The role of computed tomography in the management of cancer of the larynx. Radiology 124: 243 – 244

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mancuso AA, Calcaterra TC, Hanafee WN (1978) Computed tomography of the larynx. Radiol Clin North Am 16: 195 – 208

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mancuso AA, Tamakawa Y, Hanafee WN (1980) CT of the fixed vocal cord. Am J Radiol 135: 529 – 534

    Google Scholar 

  • Mancuso AA, Mukherji SK, Schmalfuss I, et al (1999) Preradiotherapy computed tomography as a predictor of local control in supraglottic carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 17: 631 – 637

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maroldi R, Battaglia G, Nicolai P, et al (1997) CT appearance of the larynx after conservative and radical surgery for carcinomas. Eur Radiol 7: 418 – 431

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McKay MJ, Bilous AM (1989) Basaloid-squamous carcinoma of the hypopharynx. Cancer 63: 2528 – 2531

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Million RR, Cassisi NJ, Mancuso AA (1994) Larynx. In: Million RR. Cassisi NJ (eds) Management of head and neck cancer. A multidisciplinary approach, 2nd edn. J.B. Lippincott, Philadelphia, pp 431 – 497

    Google Scholar 

  • Muñoz A, Ramos A, Ferrando J, et al (1993) Laryngeal carcinoma: sclerotic appearance of the cricoid and arytenoid cartilage-CT-pathologic correlation. Radiology 189: 433 – 437

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pameijer FA, Mancuso AA, Mendenhall WM, et al (1997) Can pretreatment computed tomography predict local control in T3 squamous cell carcinoma of the glottic larynx treated with definitive radiotherapy? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 37: 1011 – 1021

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pameijer FA, Mancuso AA, Mendenhall WM, et al (1998) Evaluation of pretreatment computed tomography as a predictor of local control in T1/T2 piriform sinus carcinoma treated with definitive radiotherapy. Head Neck 20: 159 – 168

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pameijer FA, Hermans R, Mancuso AA, et al (1999) Pre- and post-radiotherapy computed tomography in laryngeal cancer: imaging-based prediction of local failure. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 45: 359 – 366

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saleh EM, Mancuso AA, Stringer SP (1992) CT of submucosal and occult laryngeal masses. J Comput Assist Tomogr 16: 87 – 93

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shanmugaratnam K, Chan S, De-The G, et al (1979) Histopathology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: correlations with epidemiology, survival rates and other biological characteristics. Cancer 44: 1029

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Silverman PM (1985) Medullary space involvement in laryngeal carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol 111: 541 – 542

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sulfaro S, Barzan L, Querin F, et al (1989) T-staging of the laryngohypopharyngeal carcinoma; a 7-year multidisci- plinary experience. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 115: 613 – 620

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thabet HM, Sessions DG, Gado HM, et al (1996) Comparison of clinical evaluations and computed tomographic diagnostic accuracy for tumors of the larynx and hypopharynx. Laryngoscope 106: 589 – 594

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Toker C, Peterson DW (1978) Lymphoepithelioma of the vocal cord. Arch Otolaryngol 104: 161 – 162

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tuyns AJ, Esteve J, Raymond L, et al (1988) Cancer of the larynx/hypopharynx, tobacco and alcohol: IARC International Case-Control Study in Turin and Varese (Italy), Zaragoza and Navarra (Spain), Geneva (Switzerland) and Calvados (France). Int J Cancer 41: 483 – 491

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vogl TJ, Heger W, Grevers G, et al (1991) MRI with Gd-DTPA in tumors of the larynx and hypopharynx. Eur Radiol 1: 58 – 64

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wain SL, Kier R, Vollmer RT, et al (1986) Basaloid-squamous carcinoma of the tongue, hypopharynx and larynx: report of 10 cases. Hum Pathol 17: 1158 – 1166

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weissman JL, Holliday RA (1996) Pharynx (section two). In: Som PM, Curtin HD (eds) Head and neck imaging, 3rd edn, Mosby, St. Louis, pp 472 – 488

    Google Scholar 

  • Yeager VL. Archer CR (1982) Anatomical routes for cancer invasion of laryngeal cartilages. Laryngoscope 92: 449 – 452

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yousem DM, Hatabu H, Hurst MD, et al (1995) Carotid artery invasion by head and neck masses: prediction with MR imaging. Radiology 195: 715 – 720

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zbären P, Becker M, Laeng H (1996) Pretherapeutic staging of laryngeal cancer: clinical findings, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging versus histopathology. Cancer 77: 1263 – 1273

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zbären P, Becker M, Laeng H (1997a) Staging of laryngeal cancer: endoscopy, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging versus histopathology. Eur Arch Otolaryngol 254: 117 – 122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zbären P, Becker M, Laeng H (1997b) Pretherapeutic staging of hypopharyngeal carcinoma: clinical findings, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging compared with histopathologic evaluation. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 123: 908 – 913

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Becker, M. (2003). Malignant Lesions of the Larynx and Hypopharynx. In: Hermans, R. (eds) Imaging of the Larynx. Medical Radiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59369-7_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59369-7_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-00249-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59369-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics