Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

New Techniques for Carbon-Nanotube Study and Characterization

  • Chapter
Carbon Nanotubes

Part of the book series: Topics in Applied Physics ((TAP,volume 111))

Abstract

This chapter reviews three new experimental techniques for the study andcharacterization of carbon nanotubes and the exploration of novel phenomena. First,imaging and spectroscopy on the nanoscale is presented using near-field opticalmicroscopy. Secondly, phonon spectroscopy with atomic resolution is demonstratedbased on inelastic electron tunneling. Finally, coherent phonon generation byultrashort laser pulses is reviewed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • D. W. Pohl, W. Denk, M. Lanz: Optical stethoscopy: Image recording with resolution λ/20, Appl. Phys. Lett. 44, 651–653 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • E. Betzig, J. K. Trautman: Near-field optics: Microscopy, spectroscopy, and surface modification beyond the diffraction limit, Science 257, 189–195 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L. Novotny, B. Hecht: Principles of Nano-Optics (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2006)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • J. Wessel: Surface-enhanced optical microscopy, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 2, 1538–1541 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • E. J. Sánchez, L. Novotny, X. S. Xie: Near-field fluorescence microscopy based on two-photon excitation with metal tips, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 4014–4017 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S. M. St{ö}ckle, Y. D. Suh, V. Deckert, R. Zenobi: Nanoscale chemical analysis by tip-enhanced {R}aman spectroscopy, Chem. Phys. Lett. 318, 131–136 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • N. Hayazawa, Y. Inouye, Z. Sekkat, S. Kawata: Near-field {R}aman scattering enhanced by a metallized tip, Chem. Phys. Lett. 335, 369–374 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • H. G. Frey, S. Witt, K. Felderer, R. Guckenberger: High-resolution imaging of single fluorescent molecules with the optical near-field of a metal tip, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 200801–200804 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. Hartschuh, E. J. Sánchez, X. S. Xie, L. Novotny: High-resolution near-field {R}aman microscopy of single-walled carbon nanotubes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 095503–095506 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S. Kawata, V. M. Shalaev (Eds.): Tip Enhancement, Advances in Nano-Optics and Nano-Photonics (Elsevier, Amsterdam 2007)

    Google Scholar 

  • N. Hayazawa, T. Yano, H. Watanabe, Y. Inouye, S. Kawata: Detection of an individual single-wall carbon nanotube by tip-enhanced near-field {R}aman spectroscopy, Chem. Phys. Lett. 376, 174–180 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • T. Ichimura, N. Hayazawa, M. Hashimoto, Y. Inouye, S. Kawata: Tip-enhanced coherent anti-stokes {R}aman scattering for vibrational nanoimaging, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 220801–220804 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • N. Anderson, A. Hartschuh, L. Novotny: Nanoscale vibrational analysis of single-walled carbon nanotubes, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 2533–2537 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. Hartschuh, Q. Huihong, A. J. Meixner, N. Anderson, L. Novotny: Nanoscale optical imaging of excitons in single-walled carbon nanotubes, Nano Lett. 5, 2310–2313 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • T. Yano, P. Verma, S. Kawata, Y. Inouye: Diameter-selective near-field {R}aman analysis and imaging of isolated carbon nanotube bundles, Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 093125–093127 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. Hartschuh, M. R. Beversluis, A. Bouhelier, L. Novotny: Tip-enhanced optical spectroscopy, Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A 362, 807–819 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L. Chico, V. H. Crespi, L. X. Benedict, S. G. Louie, M. L. Cohen: Pure carbon nanoscale devices: Nanotube heterojunctions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 971–974 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S. K. Doorn, M. J. O'Connell, L. Zheng, Y. T. Zhu, S. Huang, J. Liu: {R}aman spectral imaging of a carbon nanotube intramolecular junction, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 016802–016805 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • N. Anderson, A. Hartschuh, L. Novotny: Chirality changes in carbon nanotubes studied with near-field {R}aman spectroscopy, Nano Lett. 7, 577–582 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • M. Zheng, A. Jagota, M. S. Strano, A. P. Santos, P. Barone, S. G. Chou, B. A. Dinder, M. S. Dresselhaus, R. S. Mclean, G. B. Onoa, G. G. Samsonidze, E. D. Semke, M. Usrey, D. J. Walls: Structure-based carbon nanotube sorting by sequence-dependent {DNA} assembly, Science 302, 1545–1548 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • M. Moskovits: Surface-enhanced spectroscopy, Rev. Mod. Phys. 57, 783–826 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • M. Thomas, R. Carminati, J. R. Arias-Gonzalez, J.-J. Greffet: Single-molecule spontaneous emission close to absorbing nanostructures, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3863–3865 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • P. Anger, P. Bharadwaj, L. Novotny: Enhancement and quenching of single-molecule fluorescence, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 113002–113006 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S. K{ü}hn, U. Hakanson, L. Rogobete, V. Sandoghdar: Enhancement of single-molecule fluorescence using a gold nanoparticle as an optical nanoantenna, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 017402–017405 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. Hartschuh, A. J. Meixner, L. Novotny: Local phonon modes of single-walled carbon nanotubes observed by near-field {R}aman spectroscopy, Proc. AIP 723, 63–66 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  • T. Yano, Y. Inouye, S. Kawata: Nanoscale uniaxial pressure effect of a carbon nanotube bundle on tip-enhanced near-field {R}aman spectra, Nano Lett. 6, 1269–1273 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S. Savasta, G. Martino, R. Girlanda: Near-field optical spectroscopy of an extended interacting electron system, Phys. Rev. B 61, 13852 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • J. R. Zurita, L. Novotny: Multipolar interband absorption in a semiconductor quantum dot. {I}. {E}lectric quadrupole enhancement, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 19, 1355–1362 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • T. W. Odom, J.-L. Huang, P. Kim, C. M. Lieber: Atomic structure and electronic properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes, Nature 391, 62–64 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L. C. Venema, J. W. G. Wild{ö}er, J. W. Janssen, S. J. Tans, H. L. J. T. Tuinstra, L. P. Kouwenhoven, C. Dekker: Imaging electron wave functions of quantized energy levels in carbon nanotubes, Science 283, 52–55 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • B. C. Stipe, M. A. Rezaei, W. Ho: Single-molecule vibrational spectroscopy and microscopy, Science 280, 1732–1735 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L. Vitali, M. Burghard, M. A. Schneider, L. Liu, C. S. Jayanthi, K. Kern: Phonon spectromicroscopy of carbon nanostructures with atomic resolution, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 136103–136106 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • M. Grobis, K. H. Khoo, R. Yamachika, X. Lu, K. Nagaoka, S. G. Louie, M. F. Crommie, H. Kato, H. Shinohara: Spatially dependent inelastic tunneling in a single {M}etallofullerene, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 136802–136805 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L. Vitali, M. Burghard, P. Wahl, M. A. Schneider, K. Kern: Local pressure-induced metallization of a semiconducting carbon nanotube in a crossed junction, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 086804–086807 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • B. J. LeRoy, S. G. Lemay, J. Kong, C. Dekker: Electrical generation and absorption of phonons in carbon nanotubes, Nature 432, 371–374 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. Jorio, C. Fantini, M. S. S. Dantas, M. A. Pimenta, A. G. Souza Filho, G. G. Samsonidze, V. W. Brar, G. Dresselhaus, M. S. Dresselhaus, A. K. Swan, M. S. Ünlü, B. B. Goldberg, R. Saito: Linewidth of the {R}aman features of individual single-wall carbon nanotubes, Phys. Rev. B 66, 115411–115418 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • N. Lorente, M. Persson, L. J. Lauhon, W. Ho: Symmetry selection rules for vibrationally inelastic tunneling, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2593–2597 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • L. Vitali, M. A. Schneider, K. Kern: Phonon and plasmon excitation in inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy of graphite, Phys. Rev. B 69, 121414(R)–121417(R) (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S. Sapmaz, P. Jarillo-Herrero, Y. M. Blanter, C. Dekker, H. S. J. van der Zant: Tunneling in suspended carbon nanotubes assisted by longitudinal phonons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 026801–026804 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • C. Thomsen, J. Strait, Z. Vardeny, H. J. Maris, J. Tauc, J. J. Hauser: Coherent phonon generation and detection by picosecond light pulses, Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 989–992 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • S. B. Fleischer, B. Pevzner, D. J. Dougherty, H. J. Zeiger, G. Dresselhaus, M. S. Dresselhaus, E. P. Ippen, A. F. Hebard: Coherent phonons in alkali metal-doped {C}60, Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 2734–2736 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • {Ü}. Özg{ü}r, C. W. Lee, H. O. Everitt: Control of coherent acoustic phonons in semiconductor quantum wells, Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5604–5607 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • H. J. Zeiger, J. Vidal, T. K. Cheng, E. P. Ippen, G. Dresselhaus, M. S. Dresselhaus: Theory for displacive excitation of coherent phonons, Phys. Rev. B 45, 768–778 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. V. Kuznetsov, C. J. Stanton: Theory of coherent phonon oscillations in semiconductors, Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 3243–3246 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • M. E. Garcia, T. Dumitrica, H. O. Jeschke: Laser-induced coherent phonons in graphite and carbon nanotubes: {M}odel and simulations, Appl. Phys. A 79, 855–857 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. T. N. Kumar, F. Rosca, A. Widom, P. M. Champion: Investigations of amplitude and phase excitation profiles in femtosecond coherence spectroscopy, J. Chem. Phys. 114, 701–724 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. T. N. Kumar, F. Rosca, A. Widom, P. M. Champion: Investigations of ultrafast nuclear response induced by resonant and nonresonant laser pulses, J. Chem. Phys. 114, 6795–6815 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • T. Dumitrica, M. E. Garcia, H. O. Jeschke, B. I. Yakobson: Selective cap opening in carbon nanotubes driven by laser-induced coherent phonons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 117401–11704 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • C. Manzoni, A. Gambetta, E. Menna, M. Meneghetti, G. Lanzani, G. Cerullo: Intersubband exciton relaxatio dynamics in single-walled carbon nanotubes, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 27401–27404 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • A. Gambetta, C. Manzoni, E. Menna, M. Meneghetti, G. Cerullo, G. Lanzani, S. Tretiak, A. Piryatinski, A. Saxena, R. L. Martin, A. R. Bishop: Real-time observation of nonlinear coherent phonon dynamics in single-walled carbon nanotubes, Nature Phys. 2, 515–520 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Y. S. Lim, K. J. Yee, . H. Kim, E. H. Haroz, J. Shaver, J. Kono, S. K. Doorn, R. H. Hauge, R. E. Smalley: Coherent lattice vibrations in single-walled carbon nanotubes, Nano Lett. 6, 2696–2700 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • T. E. Stevens, J. Kuhl, R. Merlin: Coherent phonon generation and the two stimulated {R}aman tensors, Phys. Rev. B 65, 144304–144307 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • T. Feurer, J. C. Vaughan, K. A. Nelson: Spatiotemporal coherent control of lattice vibrational waves, Science 299, 374–377 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • G. P. Zhang, T. F. George: Controlling vibrational excitations in {C}60 by laser pulse durations, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 147401–147404 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • T. Brixner, F. J. {Garcia de Abajo}, J. Schneider, W. Pfeiffer: Nanoscopic ultrafast space-time-resolved spectroscopy, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 093901–093904 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department Chemie und Biochemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany

    Achim Hartschuh

  2. Center for Nanoscience CeNS, München, Germany

    Achim Hartschuh

Authors
  1. Achim Hartschuh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Achim Hartschuh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), 30.123-970, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Ado Jorio

  2. Francis Bitter Magnet Lab, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139-4307, Cambridge, MA

    Gene Dresselhaus

  3. Department of Physics and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 02139-4307, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Mildred S. Dresselhaus

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hartschuh, A. (2007). New Techniques for Carbon-Nanotube Study and Characterization. In: Jorio, A., Dresselhaus, G., Dresselhaus, M.S. (eds) Carbon Nanotubes. Topics in Applied Physics, vol 111. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72865-8_12

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation