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Sex Differences in Nicotine Action

  • Chapter
Nicotine Psychopharmacology

Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 192))

Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that the antecedents, consequences, and mechanisms of drug abuse and dependence are not identical in males and females and that gender may be an important variable in treatment and prevention. Although there has been a decline in smoking prevalence in developed countries, females are less successful in quitting. Tobacco use is accepted to be a form of addiction, which manifests sex differences. There is also evidence for sex differences in the central effects of nicotine in laboratory animals. Although social factors impact smoking substantially in humans, findings from nonhuman subjects in controlled experiments provide support that sex differences in nicotine/tobacco addiction have a biological basis. Differences in the pharmacokinetic properties of nicotine or the effect of gonadal hormones may underlie some but not all sex differences observed. Laboratory-based information is very important in developing treatment strategies. Literature findings suggest that including sex as a factor in nicotine/tobacco-related studies will improve our success rates in individually tailored smoking cessation programs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ege University Center for Brain Research, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, 35100, Turkey

    Sakire Pogun

  2. Center for Drug R&D and Pharmacokinetic Applications, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, 35100, Turkey

    Gorkem Yararbas

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  1. Sakire Pogun
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  1. Pinney Associates, 3 Bethesda Metro Center, Bethesda, MD, 20814-3472, USA

    Jack E. Henningfield

  2. UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90024-1759, USA

    Edythe D. London

  3. Center for Brain Research, Bornova, Ege University, Izmir, 35100, Turkey

    Sakire Pogun

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Pogun, S., Yararbas, G. (2009). Sex Differences in Nicotine Action. In: Henningfield, J.E., London, E.D., Pogun, S. (eds) Nicotine Psychopharmacology. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 192. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69248-5_10

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