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Exploration d’une douleur thoracique suspecte d’origine coronaire en 2013 : contre le scanner en 1re intention en dehors de l’urgence?

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Imagerie en coupes du cœur et des vaisseaux
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Résumé

Grâce à l’amélioration des résolutions temporelle et spatiale, le coroscanner permet depuis quelques années l’exploration des artères coronaires avec comme avantage essentiel sa grande valeur prédictive négative. Sa résolution spatiale (0,35 à 0,60 mm) est supérieure à celle de l’IRM (1 à 1,5 mm) mais reste nettement inférieure à celle de la coronarographie (0,15 mm). Sa résolution temporelle (80–180 ms) est nettement inférieure à celle de l’IRM (20–40 ms). Certaines limites existent donc et doiventêtre prises en compte par le cardiologue lors de sa démarche diagnostique et pronostique. Il est utile de rappeler qu’en 2013 la coronarographie reste l’examen de référence pour explorer l’anatomie coronaire, essentiellement du fait de son excellente résolution spatiale, de sa faible morbidité, et d’une dose d’irradiation délivrée relativement faible. En pratique clinique, dans un premier temps, il est essentiel d’estimer de façon fiable la probabilité de coronaropathie avant de réaliser un test diagnostique, ce qui n’est pas toujours facile. Le cardiologue doit ensuite adapter sa stratégie diagnostique en fonction des résultats des tests d’imagerie dans le but de dépister une sténose coronaire significative induisant une ischémie myocardique étendue altérant le pronostic du patient et nécessitant un geste de revascularisation. Nous allons détailler les limites du coroscanner dans la démarche diagnostique, dans l’approche pronostique et dans l’identification des patients bénéficiant d’un geste de revascularisation.

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Furber, A. (2013). Exploration d’une douleur thoracique suspecte d’origine coronaire en 2013 : contre le scanner en 1re intention en dehors de l’urgence?. In: Boyer, L., Guéret, P. (eds) Imagerie en coupes du cœur et des vaisseaux. Springer, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0435-4_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-2-8178-0435-4_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Paris

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  • Online ISBN: 978-2-8178-0435-4

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