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Biology of Renal Cell Carcinoma (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Mammalian Target of Rapamycin, Immune Aspects)

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Renal Cell Carcinoma

Part of the book series: Current Clinical Urology ((CCU))

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Abstract

The current approach of targeted therapies for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is centralized on two pathways largely responsible for the progression of RCC. This chapter will explore the biology of RCC, the effects of disrupting conserved pathways in advanced RCC, and a look into the current targeted therapies for these main regulatory pathways. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma pathophysiology is largely characterized by loss of the tumor suppressor von Hippel–Lindau (VHL) gene and the subsequent disruption of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway. It is the regulation and delicate balance of proper gene induction and protein expression that maintains a normal physiological state in the kidney; this chapter will explore the regulation of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways as well as what perturbations stemming from VHL loss or mutation can result in advanced RCC. Finally, we will touch on the immunologic monitoring of RCC and the opportunities related to manipulating the immune system for treating patients with advanced RCC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, 450 West Drive, CB 7295, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA

    Alexandra Arreola & W. Kimryn Rathmell

  2. Department of Medicine, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, 450 West Drive, CB 7295, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA

    W. Kimryn Rathmell

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  1. Alexandra Arreola
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Correspondence to W. Kimryn Rathmell .

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  1. Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Center for Urologic Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, 44195, Ohio, USA

    Steven C. Campbell

  2. College of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Clinic Lerner, Department of Solid Tumor Oncology, Cleveland, 44195, Ohio, USA

    Brian I. Rini

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Arreola, A., Rathmell, W.K. (2013). Biology of Renal Cell Carcinoma (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor, Mammalian Target of Rapamycin, Immune Aspects). In: Campbell, S., Rini, B. (eds) Renal Cell Carcinoma. Current Clinical Urology. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-062-5_13

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