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Cardiac Stem and Progenitor Cells

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Cell Cycle Regulation and Differentiation in Cardiovascular and Neural Systems

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Abstract

Since the early days of cardiovascular biology, it has been believed that mammalian adult cardiomyocytes exit from the cell cycle soon after birth, with the total number of cardiomyocytes being pre-determined. Recently, the identification of resident cardiac stem/progenitor cells by several independent laboratories has challenged this long-held paradigm and has provoked an exponential increase in the number of investigations. As a consequence, emerging evidence now supports a new theory in which the mammalian heart represents an organ at a dynamic cellular steady rate, with a constant, albeit low, rate of cellular turnover and the intrinsic ability to regenerate lost cells. If this is indeed the case, not only does it re-define myocardial biology, but it also suggests the potential to regenerate lost or diseased myocardium. To date, there is general agreement that adult hearts contain a population(s) of primitive cells that are capable of differentiating into functional myocytes, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells; however, what remains to be determined is the number, distribution, and origin of these cells. What also needs to be addressed is the relationship and/or overlap among cardiac stem/progenitor cell populations published thus far. Hopefully, a consensus in these regards will be reached with continued investigation. Note that this is an emerging field of investigation that is evolving at a rapid pace. Herein, we discuss the current views and up-to-date literature describing cardiac stem/progenitor cells with the understanding that this knowledge base will continue to advance and be refined in the days to come.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by research grants funding from the National Institutes of Health (RL).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cardiac Muscle Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, New Research Building, NRB 431, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Ronglih Liao & Regina L. Sohn M.D., Ph.D.

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  1. Ronglih Liao
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  2. Regina L. Sohn M.D., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Ronglih Liao .

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  1. College of Science & Technology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research, Temple University, N. 12th Street 1900, Philadelphia, 19122, USA

    Antonio Giordano

  2. Dipto. Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Biotecnologia e, Università Napoli Federico II, Via Costantinopoli 16, Napoli, 80138, Italy

    Umberto Galderisi

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Liao, R., Sohn, R.L. (2010). Cardiac Stem and Progenitor Cells. In: Giordano, A., Galderisi, U. (eds) Cell Cycle Regulation and Differentiation in Cardiovascular and Neural Systems. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-153-0_5

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