Abstract
The role of nutrition in the management of multiple sclerosis (MS) is often neglected despite evidence implicating nutritional factors in the aetiology of the disease (see Chapter 2). In addition, studies of the food intake of people with MS have been shown to be low in energy, zinc, copper, folate, calcium and B vitamins (Witschi et al., 1970; Crawford and Stevens, 1981; Harding and Crawford, 1981; Hewson et al., 1984). The provision of nutritional advice to people with a chronic disease such as MS is likely to prevent nutrient deficiencies occurring. It would seem sensible to suggest an increase in the nutrients which are involved in the support and maintenance of the central nervous system (CNS).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Agranoff, B. and Goldberg, D. (1974) Diet and the geographical distribution of multiple sclerosis. Lancet, 11, 1061–6.
Allison, R. (1963) Some neurological aspects of medical geography. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 56, 71–6.
Baker, R., Thompson, R. and Zilkha, K. (1964) Serum fatty acids and multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 27, 408–14.
Bates, D., Fawcett, P.R.W., Shaw, D.A. et al. (1978) Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of acute remitting multiple sclerosis. British Medical Journal, 2, 1390–1.
Bates, D., Belin, J., Cartlidge, N.E.F. et al. (1989) A double-blind controlled trial of long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 52, 18–22.
Bernsohn, J. and Stephanides, L.M. (1967) Aetiology of multiple sclerosis. Nature (London), 215, 821.
Cherayil, G.D. (1984) Sialic acid and fatty acid concentrations in lymphocytes, red blood cells, and plasma from patients with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurological Sciences, 63, 1–10.
Crawford, M.A., Hassam, A., Williams, G. et al. (1976) Essential fatty acids and foetal brain growth. Lancet, 1, 452.
Crawford, M.A., Budowski, P. and Hassam, A.G. (1979) Dietary management in multiple sclerosis. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 38, 373–89.
Crawford, M.A. and Stevens, P. (1981) A study on essential fatty acids and multiple sclerosis. Progress in Lipid Research, 20, 255–7.
DHSS (1984) Diet and cardiovascular disease. Committee on Medical Aspects (COMA) of Food Policy, Report on Health and Social Subjects No. 28. HMSO, London.
Dick, G. (1976) The aetiology of multiple sclerosis. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 69, 611–16.
Dworkin, R.H., Bates, D., Millar, J.H.D. et al. (1984) Linoleic acid and multiple sclerosis: a re-analysis of three double blind trials. Neurology, 34, 1441–5.
Fitzgerald, G.E., Simpson, K.E., Harbige, L.S. et al. (1987) The effect of nutritional counselling on dietary compliance and disease course in multiple sclerosis patients over three years, in Multiple Sclerosis: Immunological, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects, Current problems in Neurology No.3. Chap. 26, (eds F. Clifford Rose and R. Jones ). John Libbey Pubs.Co., London and Paris, pp. 189–99.
Greer, R. (1982) Diets to Help Multiple Sclerosis. Thorsons, Northants
Gul, S., Smith, A.D., Thompson, R.H.S. et al. (1970) Fatty acid composition of phospholipids from platelets and erythrocytes in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 33, 506–10.
Gupta, J., Ingengno, A., Cook, A. et al. (1977) Multiple sclerosis and malabsorption. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 68, 560.
Gurr, M.I. (1983) The role of lipids in the regulation of the immune system. Progress in Lipid Research, 22, 257–87.
Harding, J. and Crawford, M.A. (1981) The role of diet in multiple sclerosis. Applied Nutrition, 1 (BDA Study Conference), 20–3.
Hewson, D.C. (1984) Is there a role for gluten-free diets in multiple sclerosis? Human Nutrition: Applied Nutrition, 38A, 417–20.
Hewson, D.C., Phillips, M.A., Simpson, K.E. et al. (1984) Food intake in multiple sclerosis. Human Nutrition: Applied Nutrition, 30A, 355–67.
Houtomuller, U.M.T. (1975) Specific biological effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids, in The Role of Fats in Human Nutrition, (ed. A.J. Vergroessen ). Academic Press, London, pp. 331–51.
Lange, L.S. and Shiner, H. (1976) Small bowel abnormalities in multiple sclerosis. Lancet, 11, 1319–22.
Lessof, M.H. (1986) Allergy and its mechanisms. British Medical Journal, 292, 385–7.
Liversedge, L.A. (1977) Treatment and management of multiple sclerosis. British Medical Bulletin, 33, 78–83.
McDougall, R. (1989) My Fight Against Multiple Sclerosis. Regenics Pubn., Chorley, Lancs.
Millar, J.H.D., Zilkha, K.S., Langman, M.J.S. et al. (1973) Double blind trial of linoleate supplementation of the diet in multiple sclerosis. British Medical Journal, 1, 765–8.
NACNE (1983) A discussion paper on proposals for nutritional guidelines for health education in Britain. The National Advisory Committee on Nutrition: Education Working Party chaired by Prof. W.P.T. James. Health Education Council Publication, London.
Neu, I.S. (1983) Essential fatty acids in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of multiple sclerosis patients. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 67, 151–63.
Paty, D.W., Cousin, H.K., Read, S. et al. (1978) Linoleic acid in multiple sclerosis: failure to show any therapeutic benefit. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 58, 53–8.
Sanders, H., Thompson, R.H.S., Wright, H.P. et al. (1968) Further studies on platelet adhesiveness and serum cholesteryl linoleate levels in multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 31, 321–5.
Shatin, R. (1964) Multiple sclerosis and geography: new interpretation of epidemiological observations. Neurology (Minneap.), 14, 338.
Simpson, K.E. and Hewson, D. (1985) Food intake in multiple sclerosis. Proceedings of the 2nd International Congress on EFAs, PGs and Leukotrienes. The Zoological Society of London, March.
Sinclair, H. (1956) Deficiency of essential fatty acids and atherosclerosis. Lancet, 1, 381.
Srivastava, K.C., Foc, T. and Clausen, J. (1975) The synthesis of prostaglandins in platelets from patients with multiple sclerosis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 51, 193–9.
Swank, R.L. (1950) Multiple sclerosis: a correlation of its incidence with dietary fat. American Journal of Medical Science, 220, 441–50.
Swank, R.L. (1970) Multiple sclerosis: 20 years on a low-fat diet. Archives of Neurology, 23, 460–74.
Swank, R.L. and Duggan, B.B. (1987) The Multiple Sclerosis Diet Book: A low fat diet for the treatment of MS. Doubleday and Co.Inc., New York.
Thompson, R.H.S. (1966) A biochemical approach to the problem of multiple sclerosis. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 59, 269–76.
Thompson, R.H.S. (1975) Unsaturated fatty acids in multiple sclerosis, in Multiple Sclerosis Research (eds A.N. Davison, J.H. Humphry, A.L. Liversedge et al.) USA: Elsevier, North Holland, pp. 184–93.
Tsang, N., Smith, A., Weyman, C. et al. (1976) Immunosuppression by fatty acids. Lancet, 11, 254.
Wright, H.P., Thompson, R.H.S. and Zilkha, K.J. (1965) Platelet adhesiveness in multiple sclerosis. Lancet, 11, 1109–10.
Witschi, J.C., Littell, A.S., Houser, H.B. et al. (1970) Dietary intake of non-hospitalized persons with multiple sclerosis. Journal of American Dietetic Association, 56, 203–11.
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1990 Lorraine De Souza
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Fitzgerald, G. (1990). Nutrition. In: Multiple Sclerosis. Therapy in Practice Series, vol 18. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3107-8_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3107-8_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-412-32230-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4899-3107-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive