Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Virus Infection of Peripheral Nerve

  • Chapter
Neuropathogenic Viruses and Immunity

Part of the book series: Infectious Agents and Pathogenesis ((IAPA))

  • 79 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter reviews the peripheral nerve diseases associated with herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), hepatitis B virus, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In contrast to the many viral infections of brain and spinal cord,1 peripheral nerve has not been generally recognized as a target tissue for viruses. Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (AIDP), like the analogous central nervous system (CNS) disease, postinfectious encephalomyelitis, is an autoimmune disease.1,2 Both may follow a systemic viral infection, but the mechanism for the autosensitization is unknown. The mechanism is better understood in hepatitis B virus neuropathy, where circulating immune complexes have been detected.3 Probably a wide variety of mechanisms are responsible for the peripheral nerve disorders that are associated with viral infection.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Johnson, R. T., 1982, Virus Infections of the Nervous System, Raven Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Johnson, R. T., Griffin, D. E., Hirsch, R. L., Wolinsky, J. S., Roedenbeck, S., Lindo de Soriano, I., and Vaisberg, A., 1984, Measles encephalitis-clinical and immunologic studies, N. Engl. J. Med. 310: 137–141.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Tsukada, N., Koh, C.-S., Inoue, A., and Yanagisawa, N., 1987, Demyelinating neuropathy associated with hepatitis B virus infection. Detection of immune complexes composed of hepatitis B virus surface antigen, J Neurol Sci. 77: 203–216.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Tenser, R. B., 1984, Herpes simples and herpes zoster: Nervous system involvement, Neurol. Clin. 2: 215–240.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Pepose, J. S., Stevens, J. G., Cook, M. L., and Lampert, P. W, 1981, Marek’s disease as a model for the Landry–Guillain–Barré syndrome. Latent viral infection in nonneuronal cells accompanied by specific immune responses to peripheral nerve and myelin, Am. J. Pathol. 103: 309–320.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Pepose, J. S., 1982, A theory of virus-induced demyelination in the Landry–Guillain–Barré syndrome, J. Neurol. 227: 93–97.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Abols-Mantyh, I., Siegel, L., Verity, M. A., Londe, H., and Graves, M. C., 1987, Latency of mouse cytomegalovirus in sciatic nerve, Neurology 37: 1809–1812.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Elder, G. A., and Sever, J. L., 1988, AIDS and neurological disorders: An overview, Ann. Neurol. 23: S4 — S6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Cornblath, D. R., McArthur, J. C., Kennedy, P. G. E., Witte, A. S., and Griffin, J. W, 1987, Inflammatory demyelinating peripheral neuropathies associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III infection, Ann. Neurol. 21: 32–40.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Cornblath, D. R., 1988, Treatment of the neuromuscular complications of human immunodeficiency virus infection, Ann. Neurol. 23: S88–S91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Dalakas, M. C., and Pezeshkpour, G. H., 1988, Neuromuscular diseases associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection, Ann. Neurol. 23: S38–S48.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Parry, G. J., 1988, Peripheral neuropathies associated with human immunodeficiency virus infections, Ann. Neurol. 23: S49–S53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Miller, R. G., Parry, G. J., Pfaeffl, W, Lang, W, Lippert, R., and Kiprov, D., 1988, The spectrum of peripheral neuropathy associated with ARC and AIDS, Muscle Nerve 11: 857–863.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Vinters, H. V., and Anders, K. H., 1990, Neuropathology of AIDS, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Stevens, J. G., Wagner, E. K., Devi-Rao, G. B., Cook, M. L., and Feldman, L. T., 1987, RNA complementary to a herpesvirus alpha gene mRNA is prominent in latently infected neurons, Science 235: 1056–1059.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Morrison, R. E., Shatsky, S. A., Holmes, G. E., Top, E. H., Jr., and Martins, A. N., 1979, Herpes simplex virus type 1 from a patient with radiculoneuropathy, JA.M.A. 241: 393–394.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Olivarius, B. D., and Buhl, M., 1975, Herpes simplex virus and Guillain-Barré polyradiculitis, Br. Med. J. 1: 192–193.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Oates, J. K., and Greenhouse, P. R. D. H., 1978, Retention of urine in anogenital herpetic infection, Lancet 1: 691–692.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Riehle, R. A., Jr., and Williams, J. J., 1979, Transient neuropathic bladder following herpes simplex genitalis, J. Urol. 122: 263–264.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Caplan, L. R., Kleeman, E. J., and Berg, S., 1977, Urinary retention probably secondary to herpes genitalis, N. Engl. J. Med. 297: 920–921.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Black, D., Stewart, J., and Melmed, C., 1983, Sacral nerve dysfunction plus generalized polyneuropathy in herpes simplex genitalis. Ann. Neurol. 14: 692.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Handler, C. E., Perkin, G. D., Fray, R., and Woinarski, J., 1983, Radiculomyelopathy associated with herpes simplex genitalis treated with adenosine arabinoside, Postgrad. Med. J. 59: 388–389.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Hinthorn, D. R., Baker, L. H., Romig, D. A., and Liu, C., 1976, Recurrent conjugal neuralgia caused by herpesvirus hominis type-2, J.A.M.A. 236: 587–588.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Bernstein, D. I., and Stanberry, L. R., 1986, Zosteriform spread of herpes simplex virus type 2 genital infection in the guinea-pig, J Gen. Virol. 67: 1851–1857.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Martin, J. R., and Suzuki, S.,1987, Inflammatory sensory polyradiculopathy and reactivated peripheral nervous system infection in a genital herpes model, J Neurol. Sci. 79: 155–171.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Portnoy, R. K., Duma, C., and Foley, K. M., 1986, Acute herpetic and postherpetic neuralgia: Clinical review and current management, Ann. Neurol. 20: 651–664.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Rapp, E, 1983, The biology of cytomegalovirus, in: The Herpes Virus ( B. Roizman, ed.), Plenum Press, New York, pp. 1–66.

    Google Scholar 

  28. David, G. L., Krawczyk, K. W, and Hawrisiak, M. M., 1979, Age-related neurocytotropism of mouse cytomegalovirus in explanted trigeminal ganglions, Am. J. Pathol. 97: 261–276.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Schneider, J. E, Carp, R. I., Belisle, E. H., and Rue, C. E., 1972, The response of murine nerve tissue culture to murine cytomegalic virus, Acta Neuropathol. (Berl.) 21: 204–212.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Willson, J. N., Schneider, J. E, Rosen, M., and Belisle, E. H., 1974, Ultrastructural pathology of murine cytomegalovirus infection in cultured mouse nervous system tissue, Am. j Pathol. 74: 467–480.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Plotkin, S. A., Stein, S., Snyder, M., and Immesoete, P., 1977, Attempts to recover varicella virus from ganglia, Ann. Neurol. 2: 249.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Storey, J. R., Greco, C., Bolan, R., Calanchini, P., Denys, E., Parry, G., and Miller, R., 1988, Electrodiagnostic findings in cytomegalovirus, radiculomyelopathy related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Muscle Nerve 11: 971.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Ho, H. W, Bailey, R., Rhee, J. M., and Vinters, H. V., 1989, Neuromuscular pathology in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS): An autopsy study, J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 48: 382.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Jordan, M. C., 1983, Latent infection and the elusive cytomegalovirus, Rev. Infect. Dis. 5: 205–215.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Dutko, E. J., and Oldstone, M. B. A., 1981, Cytomegalovirus causes a latent infection in undifferentiated cells and is activated by induction of cell differentiation, J. Exp. Med. 154: 1636–1651.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Shanley, J. D., Pesanti, E. L., and Nugent, K. M., 1982, The pathogenesis of pneumonitis due to murine cytomegalovirus, J. Infect. Dis. 146: 388–396.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Duchowny, M., Caplan, L., and Siber, G., 1979, Cytomegalovirus infection of the adult nervous system, Ann. Neurol. 5: 458–461.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Ironside, A. G., and Tobin, J. O’H., 1967, Cytomegalovirus infection in the adult, Lancet 2: 615–616.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Klemola, E., Weckman, N., Haltia, K., and Kääriäinen, L., 1967, Guillain—Barré syndrome associated with acquired cytomegalovirus infection, Acta. Med. Scand. 181: 603–607.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Leonard, J. C., and Tobin, J. O’H., 1971, Polyneuritis associated with cytomegalovirus infections, Q. J. Med. 40: 435–442.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Dowling, P. C., and Cook, S. D., 1981, Role of infection in Guillain-Barré syndrome: Laboratory confirmation of herpesviruses in 41 cases, Ann. Neurol. 9: 44–55.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Dowling, P., Menonna, J., and Cook, S., 1977, Cytomegalovirus complement fixation antibody in Guillain-Barré syndrome, Neurology 27: 1153–1156.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Vinters, H. V., Kwok, M. K., Ho, H. W, Anders, K. H., Tomiyasu, U., Wolfson, W. L., and Robert, E, 1989, Cytomegalovirus in the nervous system of patients with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Brain 112: 245–268.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Seneviratne, K. N., and Peiris, O. A., 1970, Peripheral nerve function in chronic liver disease, J Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 33: 609–614.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Chari, V. R., Katiyar, B. C., Rastogi, B. L., and Bhattacharya, S. K., 1977, Neuropathy in hepatic disorders: A clinical, electrophysiological, and histopathological appraisal, J. Neurol. Sci. 31: 93–111.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Tsukada, N., Koh, C.-S., Owa, M., and Yanagisawa, N., 1983, Chronic neuropathy associated with immune complexes of hepatitis B virus, J. Neurol. Sci. 61: 193–211.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Farivar, M., Wands, J. R., Benson, G. D., Dienstag, J. L., and Isselbacher, K. J., 1976, Cryoprotein complexes and peripheral neuropathy in a patient with chronic active hepatitis, Gastroenterology 71: 490–493.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Anders, K. H., Guerra, W E, Tomiyasu, U., Verity, M. A., and Vinters, H. V., 1986, The neuropathology of AIDS. UCLA experience and review, Am. J. Pathol. 124: 537–558.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Vinters, H. V., Guerra, W. E, Eppolito, L., and Keith, P. E. III, 1988, Necrotizing vasculitis of the nervous system in a patient with AIDS-related complex, Neuropathol. Appl. Neurobiol. 14: 417–424.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Elder, G., Dalakas, M., Pezeshkpour, G., and Sever, J., 1986, Ataxic neuropathy due to ganglioneuronitis after probable acute human immunodeficiency virus infection, Lancet 2: 1275–1276.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Bailey, R. O., Baltch, A. L., Venkatesh, R., Singh, J. K., and Bishop, M. B., 1988, Sensory motor neuropathy associated with AIDS, Neurology 38: 886–891.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Cornblath, D. R., and McArthur, J. C., 1988, Predominantly sensory neuropathy in patients with AIDS and AIDS-related complex, Neurology 38: 794–796.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Rance, N. E., McArthur, J. C., Cornblath, D. R., Landstrom, D. L., Griffin, J. W, and Price, D. L., 1988, Gracile tract degeneration in patients with sensory neuropathy and AIDS, Neurology 38: 265–271.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Behar, R., Wiley, C., and McCutchan, J. A., 1987, Cytomegalovirus polyradiculoneuropathy in acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Neurology 37: 557–561.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Bishopric, G., Bruner, J., and Butler, J., 1985, Guillain-Barré syndrome with cytomegalovirus infection of peripheral nerves, Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 101: 1106–1108.

    Google Scholar 

  56. de la Monte, S. M., Gabuzda, D. H., Ho, D. D., Brown, R. H., Jr., Hedley-Whyte, E. T., Schooley, R. T., Hirsch, M. S., and Bhan, A. K., 1988, Peripheral neuropathy in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Ann. Neurol. 23: 485–492.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Mah, V., Vartavarian, L. M., Akers, M.-A., and Vinters, H. V, 1988, Abnormalities of peripheral nerve in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, Ann. Neurol. 24: 713–717.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Lin-Greenberg, A., and Taneja-Uppal, N., 1987, Dysautonomia and infection with the human immunodeficiency virus, Ann. Intern. Med. 106: 167.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Craddock, C., Bull, R., Pasvol, G., Protheroe, A., and Hopkin, J., 1987, Cardiorespiratory arrest and autonomic neuropathy in AIDS, Lancet 2: 16–18.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Miller, R. E, and Semple, S. J. G., 1987, Autonomic neuropathy in AIDS, Lancet 2: 343–344.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Hoffman, P. M., Festoff, B. W, Giron, L. T., Jr., Hollenbeck, L. C., Garruto, R. M., and Ruscetti, E. W, 1985, Isolation of LAV/HTLV III from a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, N. Engl. J. Med. 313: 324–325.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Sher, J. H., Wrzolek, M. A., and Shmuter, Z. B., 1988, Motor neuron disease associated with AIDS, J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 47: 303.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Robert, M. E., Geraghty, J. J., III, Miles, S. A., Cornford, M. E., and Vinters, H. V., 1989, Severe neuropathy and a motor neuron disease-like syndrome in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Evidence for widespread cytomegalovirus infection of peripheral nerve and HIV infection of anterior horn cells, Acta Neuropathol. 79: 255–261.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Dalakas, M. C., Pezeshkpour, G. H., Gravell, M., and Sever, J. L., 1986, Polymyositis associated with AIDS retrovirus, J.A.M.A. 256: 2381–2383.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Bailey, R. O., Turok, D. I., Jaufmann, B. P., and Singh, J. K., 1987, Myositis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Hum. Pathol. 18: 749–751.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Dalakas, M. C., London, W. T., Gravell, M., and Sever, J. L., 1986, Polymyositis in an immunodeficiency disease in monkeys induced by a type D retrovirus, Neurology 36: 569–572.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Dalakas, M. C., Gravel, M., London, W. T., Cunningham, G., and Sever, J. L., 1987, Morphological changes of an inflammatory myopathy in rhesus monkeys with simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 185: 368–376.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Stern, R., Gold, J., and DiCarlo, E. F., 1987, Myopathy complicating the acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Muscle Nerve 10: 318–322.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Gonzales, M. E, Olney, R. K., So, Y. T., Greco, C. M., McQuinn, B. A., Miller, R. G., and DeArmond, S. J., 1988, Subacute structural myopathy associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection, Arch. Neural. 45: 585–587.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Dalakas, M. C., Pezeshkpour, G. H., and Flaherty, M., 1987, Progressive nemaline (rod) myopathy associated with HIV infection, N. Engl, J. Med. 317: 1602–1603.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Wolfe, D. E., and Simpson, D. M., 1988, Cytoplasmic bodies in AIDS myopathy, J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 47: 388.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Simpson, D. M., and Bender, A. N., 1988, Human immunodeficiency virus-associated myopathy: Analysis of 11 patients, Ann. Neurol. 24: 79–84.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Anders, K., Steinsapir, K. D., Iverson, D. J., Glasgow, B. J., Layfield, L. J., Brown, W. J., Cancilla, P. A., Verity, M. A., and Vinters, H. V., 1986, Neuropathologic findings in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Clin. Neuropathol. 5: 1–20.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Reed Neurological Research Center, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90024-1769, USA

    Michael C. Graves

  2. Department of Pathology (Neuropathology) and Brain Research Institute, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, 90024-1732, USA

    Harry V. Vinters

Authors
  1. Michael C. Graves
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Harry V. Vinters
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Florida, College of Medicine, 33612-4799, Tampa, Florida, USA

    Steven Specter  & Herman Friedman  & 

  2. Department of Biomedicine, University of Pisa, I-56127, Pisa, Italy

    Mauro Bendinelli

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Graves, M.C., Vinters, H.V. (1992). Virus Infection of Peripheral Nerve. In: Specter, S., Bendinelli, M., Friedman, H. (eds) Neuropathogenic Viruses and Immunity. Infectious Agents and Pathogenesis. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5886-2_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5886-2_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-5888-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4684-5886-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation