Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Staging of Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Basal Cell Carcinoma

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Radiation Therapy for Skin Cancer

  • 2255 Accesses

Abstract

Staging in general refers to the extent or severity of cancer. It is the common language of oncologists that connects the extent of cancer progression to the prognosis of the patient. Moreover, correct staging is critical in many instances because treatment is directly related to disease stage. As such universal guidelines by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) that pertain to staging cancers with similar biologic behavior have been developed. This chapter will cover the common elements of staging systems and those that pertain specifically to cutaneous malignancies encountered in dermatology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and other cutaneous carcinomas. In: Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC, Fritz AG, editors. AJCC cancer staging manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2010. p. 301–14.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Carcinoma of the eyelid. In: Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC, Fritz AG, editors. AJCC cancer staging manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer; 2010. p. 523–6.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kyrgidis A, Tzellos TG, Kechagias N, Patrikidou A, Xirou P, Kitikidou K, et al. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck: risk factors of overall and recurrence-free survival. Eur J Cancer. 2010;46(9):1563–72.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Jackson JE, Dickie GJ, Wiltshire KL, Keller J, Tripcony L, Poulsen MG, et al. Radiotherapy for perineural invasion in cutaneous head and neck carcinomas: toward a risk-adapted treatment approach. Head Neck. 2009;31(5):604–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Mendenhall WM, Amdur RJ, Hinerman RW, Cognetta AB, Mendenhall NP. Radiotherapy for cutaneous squamous and basal cell carcinomas of the head and neck. Laryngoscope. 2009;119(10):1994–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Leibovitch I, Huilgol SC, Selva D, Hill D, Richards S, Paver R. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma treated with Mohs micrographic surgery in Australia II. Perineural invasion. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;53(2):261–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Han A, Ratner D. What is the role of adjuvant radiotherapy in the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with perineural invasion? Cancer. 2007;109(6):1053–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kropp L, Balamucki CJ, Morris CG, et al. Mohs resection and postoperative radiotherapy for head and neck cancers with incidental perineural invasion. Am J Otolaryngol. Feb 12 2013 [Epub ahead of print].

    Google Scholar 

  9. National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health. Clark level IV skin cancer; 2012. http://www.cancer.gov/dictionary?cdrid=630772. Accessed 28 July 2012.

  10. Motley R, Kersey P, Lawrence C. Multiprofessional guidelines for the management of the patient with primary cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Plast Surg. 2003;56(2):85–91.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Rowe DE, Carroll RJ, Day Jr CL. Prognostic factors for local recurrence, metastasis, and survival rates in squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, ear, and lip implications for treatment modality selection. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992;26(6):976–90.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Friedman HI, Cooper PH, Wanebo HJ. Prognostic and therapeutic use of microstaging of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the trunk and extremities. Cancer. 1985;56(5):1099–105.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Loncaster J, Swindell R, Slevin F, Sheridan L, Allan D, Allan E. Efficacy of photodynamic therapy as a treatment for Gorlin syndrome-related basal cell carcinomas. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2009;21(6):502–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Loncaster JA, Moore JV, Allan D, Allan E. An ultrasound analysis of the response of Gorlin syndrome-related and sporadic basal cell carcinomas to aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2005;2(2):149–55.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Jambusaria-Pahlajani A, Schmults CD, Miller CJ, Shin D, Williams J, Kurd SK, et al. Test characteristics of high-resolution ultrasound in the preoperative assessment of margins of basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma in patients undergoing Mohs micrographic surgery. Dermatol Surg. 2009;35(1):9–15; discussion 6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Goldschmidt H, Breneman JC, Breneman DL. Ionizing radiation therapy in dermatology. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994;30(2 Pt 1):157–82; quiz 183–6.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Jennings WA. A survey of depth dose data for X rays from 6 to 75kVp; half value layers from 0.01 to 1.0 MM AL. Br J Radiol. 1953;26(309):481–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Schirren CG. Rontgentherapie gutartiger und bosartiger Geshwulste der Haut. In: Jadassohn J, editor. Handbuch der Haut-und Geschlechtskrankheiten. Berlin: Springer; 1959. p. 289–463.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Cognetta AB, Howard B, Heaton H, Stoddard E, Hong HG, Green WH. Superficial X-ray in the treatment of basal and squamous cell carcinomas: a viable option in select patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67(6):1235–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Atkinson HR. Skin carcinoma depth and dose homogeneity in dermatological x-ray therapy. Aust J Dermatol. 1962;6:208–16.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Strandqvist M. Studien uber die kumulative Wirkung der Rontgenstrahlen bei Fraktionierung. Acta Radiol. 1944; Suppl 55:1–300.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Ebbehoj E. Bucky-rays and other ultrasoft x-rays. Acta Derm Venereol. 1952;32(2):117–30.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Polano MK. Investigations on the optimal dosage in the treatment of skin carcinoma. J Belge Radiol. 1958;41(1):37–58.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Newell GB. Depth of basal cell epithiolomas. Personal communication to S.A. Zacarian cited in cryosurgery of skin cancer: fundamentals of technique and application. Cutis. 1975;16:449–60.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Zacarian SA. Cryosurgery of skin cancer: fundamentals of technique and application. Cutis. 1975;16:449–60.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Dermatology, Florida State University College of Medicine, Dermatology Associates of Tallahassee, 1707 Riggins Road, Tallahassee, FL, 32308, USA

    Armand B. Cognetta Jr. (Chief)

  2. Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1858 West Grandview Boulevard, Erie, PA, 16509-1025, USA

    Christopher M. Wolfe

Authors
  1. Armand B. Cognetta Jr.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Christopher M. Wolfe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Armand B. Cognetta Jr. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Florida State University College of Medi, Division of Dermatology, Dermatology Associates of Tallahassee, Riggins Road 1707, Tallahassee, 32308, Florida, USA

    Armand B. Cognetta Jr.

  2. College of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida, 2000 SW Archer Road, Gainesville, 32610, Florida, USA

    William M. Mendenhall

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Cognetta, A.B., Wolfe, C.M. (2013). Staging of Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Basal Cell Carcinoma. In: Cognetta Jr., A., Mendenhall, W. (eds) Radiation Therapy for Skin Cancer. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6986-5_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6986-5_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-6985-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-6986-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation