Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Exercise Behavior, Motivation, and Maintenance Among Cancer Survivors

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Exercise, Energy Balance, and Cancer

Part of the book series: Energy Balance and Cancer ((EBAC,volume 6))

Abstract

Previous chapters have highlighted the importance of regular and sustained exercise across the cancer continuum. However, recent exercise prevalence figures indicate that the overwhelming majority of cancer survivors are not exercising at levels required for the accrual of health benefits. Therefore, Exercise and cancer researchers are faced with the challenge of developing effective strategies that motivate cancer survivors to initiate and sustain exercise behavior. This chapter provides an overview of (a) current exercise prevalence estimates among cancer survivors, (b) factors that motivate survivors to engage in regular and sustained exercise, (c) exercise maintenance (defined as continuing to engage in regular exercise for at least 6 months after the end of an intervention as reported by Vallance et al. (Am J Health Behav 34:225–236, 2010); Bock et al. (Ann Behav Med 23:79–87, 2001); van Stralen et al. (Health Educ Res 25:233–247, 2010)) after clinical exercise and exercise behavior change interventions for cancer survivors, (d) recommendations for examining exercise maintenance among cancer survivors, and (e) practical implications for health care providers. Understanding the factors that affect exercise behavior, motivation, and maintenance may help practitioners, researchers, and clinicians in developing effective exercise behavior maintenance programs for cancer survivors. Such programs are critical given the recent evidence suggesting that increased exercise may be associated with a lower risk of recurrence, cancer specific mortality, and all-cause mortality for breast and colon cancer survivors.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Holick CN, Newcomb PA, Trentham-Dietz A et al (2008) Physical activity and survival after diagnosis of invasive breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 17:379–386

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Irwin ML, Smith AW, McTiernan A et al (2008) Influence of pre- and postdiagnosis physical activity on mortality in breast cancer survivors: the health, eating, activity, and lifestyle study. J Clin Oncol 26:3958–3964

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Meyerhardt JA, Giovannucci EL, Holmes MD et al (2006) Physical activity and survival after colorectal cancer diagnosis. J Clin Oncol 24:3527–3534

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Meyerhardt JA, Heseltine D, Niedzwiecki D et al (2006) Impact of physical activity on cancer recurrence and survival in patients with stage III colon cancer: findings from CALGB 89803. J Clin Oncol 24:3535–3541

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Eakin EG, Youlden DR, Baade PD et al (2007) Health behaviors of cancer survivors: data from an Australian population-based survey. Cancer Causes Control 18:881–894

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Blanchard CM, Courneya KS, Stein K, American Cancer Society’s SCS, II (2008) Cancer survivors’ adherence to lifestyle behavior recommendations and associations with health-related quality of life: results from the American Cancer Society’s SCS-II. J Clin Oncol 26:2198–2204

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Courneya KS, Katzmarzyk PT, Bacon E (2008) Physical activity and obesity in Canadian cancer survivors: population-based estimates from the 2005 Canadian Community Health Survey. Cancer 112:2475–2482

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Vallance J, Plotnikoff RC, Karvinen KH, Mackey JR, Courneya KS (2010) Understanding physical activity maintenance in breast cancer survivors. Am J Health Behav 34:225–236

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Bock BC, Marcus BH, Pinto BM, Forsyth LH (2001) Maintenance of physical activity following an individualized motivationally tailored intervention. Ann Behav Med 23:79–87

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. van Stralen MM, Lechner L, Mudde AN, de Vries H, Bolman C (2010) Determinants of awareness, initiation and maintenance of physical activity among the over-fifties: a Delphi study. Health Educ Res 25:233–247

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. National Cancer Institute Office of Cancer Survivorship (2009) http://www.cancercontrol.cancer.gov/ocs/office-survivorship.html. Retrieved 5 Nov 2009

  12. Demark-Wahnefried W, Peterson B, McBride C, Lipkus I, Clipp E (2000) Current health behaviors and readiness to pursue life-style changes among men and women diagnosed with early stage prostate and breast carcinomas. Cancer 88:674–684

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Blanchard CM, Stein KD, Baker K et al (2004) Association between current lifestyle behaviours and health-related quality of life in breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer survivors. Psychol Health 19:1–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Thorsen L, Skovlund E, Stromme SB et al (2005) Effectiveness of physical activity on cardiorespiratory fitness and health-related quality of life in young and middle-aged cancer patients shortly after chemotherapy. J Clin Oncol 23:2378–2388

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Mayer DK, Terrin NC, Menon U et al (2007) Health behaviors in cancer survivors. Oncol Nurs Forum 34:643–651

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Coups EJ, Ostroff JS (2005) A population-based estimate of the prevalence of behavioral risk factors among adult cancer survivors and noncancer controls. Prev Med 40:702–711

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Rogers LQ, Courneya KS, Paragi-Gururaja R, Markwell SJ, Imeokparia R (2008) Lifestyle behaviors, obesity, and perceived health among men with and without a diagnosis of prostate cancer: a population-based, cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 8:23

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Schootman M, Deshpande AD, Pruitt SL, Aft R, Jeffe DB (2010) National estimates of racial disparities in health status and behavioral risk factors among long-term cancer survivors and non-cancer controls. Cancer Causes Control 21:1387–1395

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Stevinson C, Faught W, Steed H et al (2007) Associations between physical activity and quality of life in ovarian cancer survivors. Gynecol Oncol 106:244–250

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Vallance JK, Courneya KS, Jones LW, Reiman T (2005) Differences in quality of life between non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma survivors meeting and not meeting public health exercise guidelines. Psychooncology 14:979–991

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Vallance JK, Lavallee CM, Culos-Reed NS, Trudeau MG (2012) Physical activity is associated with clinically important differences in health-related quality of life among rural and small-town breast cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 20(5):1079–1087

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Irwin ML, Crumley D, McTiernan A et al (2003) Physical activity levels before and after a diagnosis of breast carcinoma: the Health, Eating, Activity, and Lifestyle (HEAL) study. Cancer 97:1746–1757

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Lynch BM, Dunstan DW, Healy GN et al (2010) Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time of breast cancer survivors, and associations with adiposity: findings from NHANES (2003–2006). Cancer Causes Control 21:283–288

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Lynch BM, Dunstan DW, Winkler E et al (2011) Objectively assessed physical activity, sedentary time and waist circumference among prostate cancer survivors: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003–2006). Eur J Cancer Care (England) 20:514–519

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Colley RC, Garriguet D, Janssen I et al (2011) Physical activity of Canadian adults: accelerometer results from the 2007 to 2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey. Health Rep 22:7–14

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Troiano RP, Berrigan D, Dodd KW et al (2008) Physical activity in the United States measured by accelerometer. Med Sci Sports Exerc 40:181–188

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Jones LW, Guill B, Keir ST et al (2007) Exercise interest and preferences among patients diagnosed with primary brain cancer. Support Care Cancer 15:47–55

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Karvinen KH, Courneya KS, Venner P, North S (2007) Exercise programming and counseling preferences in bladder cancer survivors: a population-based study. J Cancer Surviv 1:27–34

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Rogers LQ, Markwell SJ, Courneya KS, McAuley E, Verhulst S (2009) Exercise preference patterns, resources, and environment among rural breast cancer survivors. J Rural Health 25:388–391

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Stevinson C, Capstick V, Schepansky A et al (2009) Physical activity preferences of ovarian cancer survivors. Psychooncology 18:422–428

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Vallance JK, Courneya KS, Jones LW, Reiman T (2006) Exercise preferences among a population-based sample of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma survivors. Eur J Cancer Care (England) 15:34–43

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Courneya KS, Friedenreich CM (1997) Determinants of exercise during colorectal cancer treatment: an application of the theory of planned behavior. Oncol Nurs Forum 24:1715–1723

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Courneya KS, Friedenreich CM (1999) Utility of the theory of planned behavior for understanding exercise during breast cancer treatment. Psychooncology 8:112–122

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Karvinen KH, Courneya KS, Campbell KL et al (2006) Exercise preferences of endometrial cancer survivors: a population-based study. Cancer Nurs 29:259–265

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Rogers LQ, Courneya KS, Verhulst S, Markwell SJ, McAuley E (2008) Factors associated with exercise counseling and program preferences among breast cancer survivors. J Phys Act Health 5:688–705

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Keats MR, Culos-Reed SN, Courneya KS, McBride M (2007) Understanding physical activity in adolescent cancer survivors: an application of the theory of planned behavior. Psychooncology 16:448–457

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Wilkinson AV, Barrera SL, McBride CM et al (2010) Extant health behaviors and uptake of standardized vs tailored health messages among cancer survivors enrolled in the FRESH START trial: a comparison of fighting-spirits vs fatalists. Psychooncology 21(1):108–113

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Ajzen I (1991) The theory of planned behavior. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process 50:179–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Bandura A (2000) Health promotion from the perspective of social cognitive theory. Harwood Academic, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  40. Courneya KS, Vallance JK, Jones LW, Reiman T (2005) Correlates of exercise intentions in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma survivors: an application of the theory of planned behavior. J Sport Exerc Psychol 27:335–349

    Google Scholar 

  41. Stevinson C, Tonkin K, Capstick V et al (2009) A population-based study of the determinants of physical activity in ovarian cancer survivors. J Phys Act Health 6:339–346

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Karvinen KH, Courneya KS, Plotnikoff RC et al (2009) A prospective study of the determinants of exercise in bladder cancer survivors using the theory of planned behavior. Support Care Cancer 17:171–179

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Karvinen KH, Courneya KS, Campbell KL et al (2007) Correlates of exercise motivation and behavior in a population-based sample of endometrial cancer survivors: an application of the theory of planned behavior. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 4:21

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Trinh L, Plotnikoff RC, Rhodes RE, North S, Courneya KS (2011) Associations between physical activity and quality of life in a population-based sample of kidney cancer survivors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 20:859–868

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Gollwitzer PM (1999) Implementation intentions: strong effects of simple plans. Am Psychol 54(7):493–503

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Luszczynska A (2006) An implementation intentions intervention, the use of a planning strategy, and physical activity after myocardial infarction. Soc Sci Med 62:900–908

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Pinto BM, Maruyama NC, Clark MM et al (2002) Motivation to modify lifestyle risk behaviors in women treated for breast cancer. Mayo Clin Proc 77:122–129

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Rogers LQ, Courneya KS, Verhulst S et al (2006) Exercise barrier and task self-efficacy in breast cancer patients during treatment. Support Care Cancer 14:84–90

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Rogers LQ, McAuley E, Courneya KS, Verhulst SJ (2008) Correlates of physical activity self-efficacy among breast cancer survivors. Am J Health Behav 32:594–603

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Rogers LQ, Shah P, Dunnington G et al (2005) Social cognitive theory and physical activity during breast cancer treatment. Oncol Nurs Forum 32:807–815

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Coups EJ, Park BJ, Feinstein MB et al (2009) Correlates of physical activity among lung cancer survivors. Psychooncology 18:395–404

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Pinto BM, Ciccolo JT (2011) Physical activity motivation and cancer survivorship. Recent Results Cancer Res 186:367–387

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Demark-Wahnefried W, Pinto BM, Gritz ER (2006) Promoting health and physical function among cancer survivors: potential for prevention and questions that remain. J Clin Oncol 24:5125–5131

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Aziz NM (2002) Cancer survivorship research: challenge and opportunity. J Nutr 132:3494s–3503s

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Hewitt M, Greenfield S, Stovall E (eds) (2006) From cancer patient to cancer survivor: lost in transition. National Academies Press, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  56. Eakin EG, Youlden DR, Baade PD et al (2006) Health status of long-term cancer survivors: results from an Australian population-based sample. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 15:1969–1976

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Fjeldsoe B, Neuhaus M, Winkler E, Eakin E (2011) Systematic review of maintenance of behavior change following physical activity and dietary interventions. Health Psychol 30:99–109

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Brantley P, Appel L, Hollis L et al (2008) Design considerations and rationale of a multi-center trial to sustain weight loss: the weight loss maintenance trial. Clin Trials 5:546–556

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Barte JC, ter Bogt NC, Bogers RP et al (2010) Maintenance of weight loss after lifestyle interventions for overweight and obesity, a systematic review. Obes Rev 11:899–906

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Gourlan MJ, Trouilloud DO, Sarrazin PG (2011) Interventions promoting physical activity among obese populations: a meta-analysis considering global effect, long-term maintenance, physical activity indicators and dose characteristics. Obes Rev 12(7):e633–e645

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Turk MW, Yang K, Hravnak M et al (2009) Randomized clinical trials of weight loss maintenance: a review. J Cardiovasc Nurs 24:58–80

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Gerber BS, Stolley MR, Thompson AL, Sharp LK, Fitzgibbon ML (2009) Mobile phone text messaging to promote healthy behaviors and weight loss maintenance: a feasibility study. Health Inf J 15:17–25

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Riebe D, Blissmer B, Greene G et al (2005) Long-term maintenance of exercise and healthy eating behaviors in overweight adults. Prev Med 40:769–778

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Wing RR, Papandonatos G, Fava JL et al (2008) Maintaining large weight losses: the role of behavioral and psychological factors. J Consult Clin Psychol 76:1015–1021

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Tate DF, Jeffery RW, Sherwood NE, Wing RR (2007) Long-term weight losses associated with prescription of higher physical activity goals. Are higher levels of physical activity protective against weight regain? Am J Clin Nutr 85:954–959

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Eakin EG, Lawler SP, Vandelanotte C, Owen N (2007) Telephone interventions for physical activity and dietary behavior change - a systematic review. Am J Prev Med 32:419–434

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Vallance JK, Courneya KS, Plotnikoff RC, Dinu I, Mackey JR (2008) Maintenance of physical activity in breast cancer survivors after a randomized trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc 40:173–180

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Stull VB, Snyder DC, Demark-Wahnefried W (2007) Lifestyle interventions in cancer survivors: designing programs that meet the needs of this vulnerable and growing population. J Nutr 137:243s–248s

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Speck RM, Courneya KS, Masse LC, Duval S, Schmitz KH (2010) An update of controlled physical activity trials in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Cancer Surviv 4:87–100

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Mutrie N, Campbell AM, Whyte F et al (2007) Benefits of supervised group exercise programme for women being treated for early stage breast cancer: pragmatic randomised controlled trial. Br Med J 334:517–520B

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. Eakin EG, Lawler SP, Winkler EA, Hayes SC (2012) A randomized trial of a telephone-­delivered exercise intervention for non-urban dwelling women newly diagnosed with breast cancer: exercise for health. Ann Behav Med 43:229–238

    Google Scholar 

  72. Morey MC, Snyder DC, Sloane R et al (2009) Effects of home-based diet and exercise on functional outcomes among older, overweight long-term cancer survivors: RENEW: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 301:1883–1891

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Vallance JK, Courneya KS, Plotnikoff RC, Yasui Y, Mackey JR (2007) Randomized controlled trial of the effects of print materials and step pedometers on physical activity and quality of life in breast cancer survivors. J Clin Oncol 25:2352–2359

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Ottenbacher AJ, Day SR, Taylor WC et al (2012) Long-term physical activity outcomes of home-based lifestyle interventions among breast and prostate cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer Jan 17 (Epub ahead of print)

    Google Scholar 

  75. Pinto BM, Rabin C, Papandonatos GD et al (2008) Maintenance of effects of a home-based physical activity program among breast cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 16:1279–1289

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Marshall AL, Owen N, Bauman AE (2004) Mediated approaches for influencing physical activity: update of the evidence on mass media, print, telephone and website delivery of interventions. J Sci Med Sport 7:74–80

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Schmitz KH, Holtzman J, Courneya KS et al (2005) Controlled physical activity trials in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 14:1588–1595

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Kahn EB, Ramsey LT, Brownson RC et al (2002) The effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity – a systematic review. Am J Prev Med 22:73–108

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Rothman AJ, Sheeran P, Wood W (2009) Reflective and automatic processes in the initiation and maintenance of dietary change. Ann Behav Med 38(Suppl 1):S4–S17

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. van Stralen MM, De Vries H, Mudde AN, Bolman C, Lechner L (2009) Determinants of initiation and maintenance of physical activity among older adults: a literature review. Health Psychol 3:147–207

    Google Scholar 

  81. Holmes MD, Chen WY, Feskanich D, Kroenke CH, Colditz GA (2005) Physical activity and survival after breast cancer diagnosis. JAMA 293:2479–2486

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Schmitz KH, Courneya KS, Matthews C et al (2010) American College of Sports Medicine Roundtable on Exercise Guidelines for Cancer Survivors. Med Sci Sports Exerc 42:1409–1426

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Brunet J, Sabiston CM, Meterissian S (in press) Physical activity and breast cancer survivorship: best practice guidelines. Am J Lifestyle Med

    Google Scholar 

  84. Jakicic JM, Wing RR, Butler BA, Robertson RJ (1995) Prescribing exercise in multiple short bouts versus one continuous bout: effects on adherence, cardiorespiratory fitness, and weight loss in overweight women. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 19:893–901

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Milne HM, Wallman KE, Guilfoyle A, Gordon S, Courneya KS (2008) Self-determination theory and physical activity among breast cancer survivors. J Sport Exerc Psychol 30:23–38

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Courneya KS, Karvinen KH, Campbell KL et al (2005) Associations among exercise, body weight, and quality of life in a population-based sample of endometrial cancer survivors. Gynecol Oncol 97:422–430

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Jones LW, Courneya KS, Vallance JK et al (2004) Association between exercise and quality of life in multiple myeloma cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 12:780–788

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Jones LW, Guill B, Keir ST et al (2006) Patterns of exercise across the cancer trajectory in brain tumor patients. Cancer 106:2224–2232

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Karvinen KH, Courneya KS, North S, Venner P (2007) Associations between exercise and quality of life in bladder cancer survivors: a population-based study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16:984–990

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Dr. Jeff Vallance is supported by a Population Health Investigator Salary Award from Alberta Innovates – Health Solutions and a New Investigator Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Lauren Spark is supported by an Australian Postgraduate Award. Dr. Elizabeth Eakin is supported by Senior Research Fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Nursing and Health Studies, Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB, Canada

    Jeff Vallance Ph.D.

  2. School of Population Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia

    Lauren Spark & Elizabeth Eakin Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Jeff Vallance Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Lauren Spark
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Elizabeth Eakin Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jeff Vallance Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Pfarrgasse 8b, Gaiberg, 69251, Germany

    Cornelia M. Ulrich

  2. Heidelberger Str. 35, Schriesheim, 69198, Germany

    Karen Steindorf

  3. School of Medicine, Center for Science, Health & Society, Case Western Reserve University, Euclid Ave. 10900, Cleveland, 44106, Ohio, USA

    Nathan A. Berger

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Vallance, J., Spark, L., Eakin, E. (2013). Exercise Behavior, Motivation, and Maintenance Among Cancer Survivors. In: Ulrich, C., Steindorf, K., Berger, N. (eds) Exercise, Energy Balance, and Cancer. Energy Balance and Cancer, vol 6. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4493-0_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4493-0_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-4492-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-4493-0

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation