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A Conceptual Framework for the Integration of Flow Theory and Cognitive Evaluation Theory

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Advances in Flow Research

Abstract

Flow theory (Csikszentmihalyi, Beyond boredom and anxiety: Experiencing flow in work and play. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, 1975) and cognitive evaluation theory (Deci and Ryan, Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behaviour. Plenum, New York, 1985) have each inspired a large body of research dedicated to understanding why we enjoy doing what we enjoy doing. Although both theories ostensibly address the same category of behavior—namely, intrinsically motivated behavior—there have been few serious efforts to reconcile these two theories. In this chapter, I attempt to clarify the relationship between them. Based on a review of relevant empirical findings, I suggest the two theories hold greatest explanatory potential for distinct behaviors, distinguished by their state-level motivational orientations. Furthermore, whereas CET appears to be most applicable to understanding the process of developing intrinsic motivation, flow theory appears the more useful framework for understanding variations in enjoyment once intrinsic motivation for an activity has been established.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    However, one study found that positive affect, rather than perceived competence, fully mediated the relationship (Tauer and Harackiewicz 1999).

  2. 2.

    This is not to suggest that if Elif’s perceived competence for geometry steadily decreased over time, this would not have negative repercussions for her intrinsic motivation. Rather, it is to say that perceived competence loses its ability to predict the enjoyment of single episodes of engagement—a math problem, a tennis match, etc.—when a motivational orientation is primarily intrinsic.

  3. 3.

    Like most higher level psychological variables, variations in state-level motivational orientations are likely to be continuous rather than discrete. For this reason, the existence of an actual “threshold” seems unlikely.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Istanbul Şehir University, Istanbul, Turkey

    Sami Abuhamdeh

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  1. Sami Abuhamdeh
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Fachbereich I - Psychologie, Universität Trier, Trier, 54286, Germany

    Stefan Engeser

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Abuhamdeh, S. (2012). A Conceptual Framework for the Integration of Flow Theory and Cognitive Evaluation Theory. In: Engeser, S. (eds) Advances in Flow Research. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-2359-1_6

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