Skip to main content

Chronic Ocular Ischemia and Carotid Vascular Disease

  • Chapter
Amaurosis Fugax

Abstract

Although most ocular manifestations of extracranial cerebrovascular disease have a strokelike temporal profile, some patients have ocular abnormalities that are most compatible with a chronic state of ocular ischemia and have evidence of severe, usually bilateral, extracranial cerebrovascular occlusive disease. Similar ocular findings may be seen in other conditions that produce chronic retinal ischemia or altered retinal blood flow, but in some situations it is difficult to dismiss the associated cerebrovascular occlusive disease as an incidental finding.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Walsh FB, Hoyt WF: Clinical Neuro-ophthalmology. Baltimore, The Williams & Wilkins Co. 1969, 1832.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Young LH, Appen RE: Ischemic oculopathy: A manifestation of carotid artery disease. Arch Neurol 1981;38:358–360.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Hirose K: A study of fundus changes in the early stages of Takayasu-Ohnishi (pulseless) disease. Am J Ophthalmol 1963;55:295–301.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Ostler HB: Pulseless disease (Takayasu’s disease). Am J Ophthalmol 1957;43:583–589.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Tour RL, Hoyt WF: The syndrome of the aortic arch. Am J Ophthalmol 1959;47:35–48.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Hedges TR: Ophthalmoscopic findings in internal carotid artery occlusion. Am J Ophthamol 1963;55:1007–1012.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kearns TP, Hollenhorst RW: Venous stasis retinopathy of occlusive disease of the carotid artery. Mayo Clin Proc 1963;38:304–312.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Abedin S, Simmons RJ: Neovascular glaucoma in systemic occlusive vascular disease. Ann Ophthalmol 1982;14:284–287.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Bullock JD, Falter RT, Downing JE, et al: Ischemic ophthalmia secondary to an ophthalmic artery occlusion. Am J Ophthalmol 1972; 74:486–493.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Carter JE: Panretinal photocoagulation for progressive ocular neovasculari zation secondary to occlusion of the common carotid artery. Ann Ophthalmol 1984;16:572–576.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Grader J: Venous stasis retinopathy: A case report. Can J Ophthalmol 1975;10:107–110.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Smith JL: Unilateral glaucoma in carotid occlusive disease. JAMA 1962;182:187–188.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Hoefnagels KLJ: Rubeosis of the iris associated with occlusion of the carotid artery. Ophthalmologica 1964;148:196–200.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Knox DL: Ischemic ocular inflammation. Am J Ophthalmol 1965;60:995–1002.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Brown GC, Magargal LE, Simeone FA, et al: Arterial obstruction and ocular neovascularization. Ophthalmology 1982;89:139–146.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Kearns TP, Siekert RG, Sundt TM Jr: The ocular aspects of bypass surgery of the carotid artery. Mayo Clin Proc 1979;54:3–11.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Kiser WD, Gonder J, Magargal LE, et al: Recovery of vision following treatment of the ocular ischemic syndrome. Ann Ophthalmol 1983;15:305–310.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Campo RV, Aaberg TM: Digital subtraction angiography in the diagnosis of retinal vascular disease. Am J Ophthalmol 1983;96:632–640.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Swan KC, Raaf J: Changes in the eye and orbit following carotid ligation. Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc 1951; 49:435–444.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Patz A: Clinical and experimental studies on retinal neovascularization. Am J Ophthalmol 1982;94:715–743.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Barany E: Influence of local arterial blood pressure on aqueous humor and intraocular pressure. Acta Ophthalmol 1946;24:337–387.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Ausman JI, Lindsay W, Ramsay RC, et al: Ipsilateral subclavian to external carotid and STA-MCA bypasses for retinal ischemia. Surg Neurol 1978;9:5–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Cowan CL, Butler G: Ischemic oculopathy Ann Ophthalmol 1983;15:1052–1057.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Eggleston TF, Bohling CA, Eggleston HC, et al: Photocoagulation for ocular ischemia associated with carotid artery occlusion. Ann Ophthalmol 1980;12:84–87.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Kearns TP, Younge BR, Piepgrass DG: Resolution of venous stasis retinopathy after carotid artery bypass surgery. Mayo Clin Proc 1980;55:342–346.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Neupert JR, Brubaker RF, Kearns TP, et al: Rapid resolution of venous stasis retinopathy after carotid endarterectomy. Am J Ophthalmol 1976;81:600–602.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Edwards MS, Chater NL, Stanley JA: Reversal of chronic ocular ischemia by extracranial-intracranial arterial bypass: A case report. Neurosurgery 1980;7:480–483.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Huckman MS, Haas J: Reversed flow through the ophthalmic artery as a cause of rubeosis irides. Am J Ophthalmol 1966;74:758–762.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Hayreh SS: So-called central retinal vein occlusion: I. Pathogenesis, terminology, clinical features. Ophthalmologica 1976;172:1–13.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Hayreh SS: So-called central retinal vein occlusion: II. Venous stasis retinopathy. Ophthalmologica 1976;172:14–37.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Hayreh SS: The controversy of venous stasis retinopathy, in Bernstein EF (ed): Amaurosis Fugax. New York, Springer-Verlag, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Kearns TP: Differential diagnosis of central retinal vein obstruction. Ophthalmology 1983;90:475–480.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Zegarra H, Gutman FA, Zakov N, et al: Partial occlusion of the central retinal vein. Am J Ophthalmol 1983;96:330–337.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Gartner S, Henkind P: Neovascularization of the iris (rubeosis irides). Surv Ophthalmol 1978;22:291–312.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Hoskins HO: Neovascular glaucoma. Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol 1974;78:330–333.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Barnett HJM, Peerless SJ, Fox AJ, et al: Failure of extracranial-intracranial arterial bypass to reduce the risk of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 1985; 313:1191–1200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Carter, J.E. (1988). Chronic Ocular Ischemia and Carotid Vascular Disease. In: Bernstein, E.F. (eds) Amaurosis Fugax. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3776-1_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3776-1_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-8345-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4612-3776-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics