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Proliferative Retinopathies

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Clinical Atlas of Peripheral Retinal Disorders

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a genetically determined metabolic disorder characterized clinically by elevated fasting blood sugars, arteriosclerotic and microangiopathic vasculopathies and neuropathies. The exact pathogenic sequence of diabetic retinopathy has yet to be worked out, but it appears that the elevated blood sugars and decreased plasma insulin levels influence the pituitary gland to manufacture and release increased amounts of human growth hormone into the plasma. The increased growth hormone potentiates hepatic protein synthesis of α2-globulins and fibrinogen. These macromolecules act as electrostatic bridges between neighboring red blood cells and platelets resulting in abnormal red blood cells as well as platelet aggregates. These abnormal aggregates clog up capillary channels leading to downstream hypoxia and, in some cases, ischemia. Microaneurysms (aborted attempts at neovascularization) and actual retinal and/or optic disc neovascularization may develop in an effort to correct the hypoxia problems in the retinal tissues.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10029, USA

    Keith M. Zinn M.D. (Clinical Professor, Attending Ophthalmic Surgeon)

  2. Manhattan Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Keith M. Zinn M.D. (Clinical Professor, Attending Ophthalmic Surgeon)

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  1. Keith M. Zinn M.D.
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© 1988 Keith M. Zinn and Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

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Zinn, K.M. (1988). Proliferative Retinopathies. In: Clinical Atlas of Peripheral Retinal Disorders. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3720-4_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-3720-4_8

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