Abstract
Important decisions are often based on a distributed process of information processing, from a knowledge base that is itself distributed among agents. The simplest such situation is that where a decision-maker seeks the recommendations of experts. Because experts may have vested interests in the consequences of their recommendations, decision-makers usually seek the advice of experts they trust. Trust, however, is a commodity that is usually built through repeated face time and social interaction, and thus cannot easily be built in a global world where we have immediate Internet access to a vast pool of experts. In this article, we integrate findings from experimental psychology and formal tools from Artificial Intelligence to offer a preliminary roadmap for solving the problem of trust in this computer-mediated environment. We conclude the article by considering a diverse array of extended applications of such a solution.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
See for instance Lorini and Demolombe (2008) for an analysis of the semantics of these operators, their relationships, and their correspondence with the structural conditions on the models of the logic \(\mathcal{TRUST}\).
References
Åqvist, L. (2002). Deontic logic. In D. M. Gabbay & F. Geunther (Eds.), Handbook of philosophical logic. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.
Barber, B. (1983). The logic and limits of trust. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press.
Castelfranchi, C., & Paglieri, F. (2007). The role of beliefs in goal dynamics: prolegomena to a constructive theory of intentions. Synthese, 155, 237–263.
Chellas, B. F. (1980). Modal logic: an introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cohen, P. R., & Levesque, H. J. (1990). Intention is choice with commitment. Artificial Intelligence, 42, 213–261.
Conte, R., & Castelfranchi, C. (1995). Cognitive and social action. London: London University College of London Press.
Dunn, J. R., & Schweitzer, M. E. (2005). Feeling and believing: the influence of emotion on trust. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 736–748.
Emerson, E. A. (1990). Temporal and modal logic. In J. van Leeuwen (Ed.), Handbook of theoretical computer science, volume B: formal models and semantics. Amsterdam/Cambridge: North-Holland/MIT Press.
Ferrin, D. L., Dirks, K. T., & Shah, P. P. (2006). Direct and indirect effects of third-party relationships on interpersonal trust. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91, 870–883.
Gino, F., & Schweitzer, M. E. (2008). Blinded by anger or feeling the love: how emotions influence advice taking. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 1165–1173.
Harel, D., Kozen, D., & Tiuryn, J. (2000). Dynamic logic. Cambridge: MIT Press.
Harvey, N., & Fischer, I. (1997). Taking advice: accepting help, improving judgment, and sharing responsibility. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 70, 117–133.
Hintikka, J. (1962). Knowledge and belief. New York: Cornell University Press.
Hollan, J., Hutchins, E., & Kirsh, D. (2000). Distributed cognition: toward a new foundation for human-computer interaction research. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, 7, 174–196.
Ito, T. A., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2005). Variations on a human universal: individual differences in positivity offset and negativity bias. Cognition and Emotion, 19, 1–26.
Johnson-George, C. E., & Swap, W. C. (1982). Measurement of specific interpersonal trust: construction and validation of a scale to assess trust in a specific other. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 1306–1317.
Kramer, R. M. (1999). Trust and distrust in organizations: emerging perspectives, enduring questions. Annual Review of Psychology, 50, 569–598.
Lewis, J. D., & Weigert, A. (1985). Trust as social reality. Social Forces 63, 967–985.
Lorini, E., & Demolombe, R. (2008). Trust and norms in the context of computer security. In LNCS: Vol. 5076. Proc. of the ninth international conference on deontic logic in computer science (DEON’08) (pp. 50–64). Berlin: Springer.
Lorini, E., & Herzig, A. (2008) A logic of intention and attempt. Synthese, 163(1), 45–77.
Lorini, E., Herzig, A., & Castelfranchi, C. (2006). Introducing “attempt” in a modal logic of intentional action. In LNAI: Vol. 4160. Logics in artificial intelligence: 10th European conference (JELIA 2006) (pp. 280–292). Berlin: Springer.
Maddux, W. W., Mullen, E., & Galinsky, A. D. (2008). Chameleons bake bigger pies and take bigger pieces: strategic behavioral mimicry facilitates negotiation outcomes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 461–468.
Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. The Academy of Management Review, 20, 709–734.
McAllister, D. J. (1995). Affect- and cognition-based trust as foundations for interpersonal cooperation in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 24–59.
Rao, A. S., & Georgeff, M. P. (1991). Modelling rational agents within a BDI-architecture. In Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on principles of knowledge representation and reasoning (KR’91) (pp. 473–484). San Mateo: Morgan Kaufmann.
Rempel, J. K., Holmes, J. G., & Zanna, M. D. (1985). Trust in close relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49, 95–112.
Rousseau, M., Sitkin, S., Burt, R., & Camerer, C. (1998). Not so different after all: a cross-discipline view of trust. The Academy of Management Review, 23, 393–404.
Schweitzer, M. E., Hershey, J. C., & Bradlow, E. T. (2006). Promises and lies: restoring violated trust. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 101, 1–19.
Skowronski, J. J., & Carlston, D. E. (1989). Negativity and extremity biases in impression formation: a review of explanations. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 131–142.
Slovic, P. (1993). Perceived risk, trust and democracy. Risk Analysis, 13, 675–685.
Sniezek, J. A., & Buckley, B. (1995). Cueing and cognitive conflict in judge-advisor decision making. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 62, 159–174.
Van Swol, L. M., & Sniezek, J. A. (2001). Trust, confidence and expertise in a judge-advisor system. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 84, 288–307.
White, T. B. (2005). Consumer trust and advice acceptance: the moderating roles of benevolence, expertise, and negative emotions. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 15, 141–148.
Yaniv, I., & Kleinberger, E. (2000). Advice taking in decision making: egocentric discounting and reputation formation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 83, 260–281.
Yaniv, I., Yates, J. F., & Smith, J. E. K. (1991). Measures of discrimination skill in probabilistic judgment. Psychological Bulletin, 110, 611–617.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer-Verlag London
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ben-Naim, J., Bonnefon, JF., Herzig, A., Leblois, S., Lorini, E. (2013). Computer-Mediated Trust in Self-interested Expert Recommendations. In: Cowley, S., Vallée-Tourangeau, F. (eds) Cognition Beyond the Brain. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5125-8_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5125-8_4
Publisher Name: Springer, London
Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-5124-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-5125-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)