Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The impact of pregnancy on HIV-related disease

  • Chapter
AIDS and Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Abstract

The occurrence of AIDS in infants was reported soon after the recognition of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in homosexual men and intravenous drug abusers.(1.4) Case reports and the results of epidemiological surveillance of AIDS revealed that the mothers of children with AIDS were frequently intravenous drug abusers who were themselves at risk for AIDS.(2.5)

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Centers for Disease Control. Unexplained immunodeficiency and opportunistic infections in infants—New York, New Jersey, California. MMWR 1983; 31: 665–667.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Rubinstein A, Sicklick M, Gupta A, Bernstein L, Klein N, Rubinstein E, Spigland I, Fruchter L, Litmann M, Lee H, Hollander M. Acquired immunodeficiency with reserved T4/T8 ratios in infants born to promiscuous and drug-addicted mothers. JAMA 1983; 249: 2350–2356.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Rubinstein A. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in infants. Am J Dis Child 1983; 137: 825–827.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Thomas PA, Jaffe HW, Spira TJ, Reiss R, Guerrero IC, Auerbach D. Unexplained immunodeficiency in children. A surveillance report. JAMA 1984; 252: 639–644.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Rogers MF. AIDS in children: a review of the clinical, cpidcmiological and public health aspects. Pediatr Infect Dis 1985; 4: 230–236.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Popovic M, Sarngadharan MG, Read E, Gallo RC. Detection, isolation, and continuous production of cytotrophic retroviruses (HTLV-III) from patients with AIDS and pre-AIDS. Science 1984; 224: 497–500.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Vilmer E, Fischer A, Griscelli C, Barré-Sinoussi F, Vie V, Chcrmann JC, Montagnier L, Rouzioux C, Brun-Vezinet F, Rosenbaum W. Possible transmission of a human lymphotropic retrovirus (LAV) from mother to infant with AIDS. Lancet 1984; 2: 229–230.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Cowan MJ, Hellman D, Chudwin D, Wara DW, Chang RS, Ammann AJ. Maternal transmission of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Pediatrics 1984; 73: 382–386.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Lapointe N, Michaud J, Pekovic D, Chasseau JP, Dupuy JM. Transplacental transmission of HTLV-III virus. (Letter) N Engl J Med 1985; 312: 1325–1326.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Jovaisas E, Koch MA, Schäfer A, Stauber M, Löwenthal D. LAV/HTLV-III in 20-week fetus. (Letter) Lancet 1985; 2: 1129.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Centers for Disease Control. Recommendations for assisting in the prevention of perinatal transmission of HTLV-III/LAV and AIDS. MMWR 1985; 34: 721–732.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Di Maria H, Courpotin C, Rouzioux C, Cohen D, Rio D, Boussin F. Transplacental transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. (Letter) Lancet 1986; 2: 215–216.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Scott GB, Fischl MA, Klimas N, Fletcher MA, Dickinson GM, Levine RS, Parks WP. Mothers of infants with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Evidence for both symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers. JAMA 1985; 253: 363–366.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Wetli CV, Roldan EO, Fojaco RM. Listeriosis as a cause for maternal death: an obstetric complication of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (ATDS). Am J Obstet Gynecol 1983; 147: 7–9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Jensen LP, O’Sullivan MJ, Gomez-del-Rio M, Setzer ES, Gaskin C, Penso C. Acquired immunodeficiency (AIDS) in preqnancy. Am J Obstet Gvnecol 1984; 48: 1145–1146.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Minkoff H, de Regt RH, Landesman S, Schwarz R. Pneumocvstis carinii pneumonia associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a report of three maternal deaths. Obstet Gynecol 1986; 67: 284–287.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Antoine C, Morris M, Douglas G. Maternal and fetal mortality in AIDS. NY State J Med 1986; 86: 443–445.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Lui KJ, Lawrence DN, Morgan WM, Peterman TA, Haverkos HW, Bregman DJ. A model-based approach for estimating the mean incubation period of transfusion-associated acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1986; 83: 3051–3055.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Guinan ME, Hardy A. Epidemiology of AIDS in women in the United States. 1981 through 1986. JAMA 1987; 257: 2039–2042.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Ledcrman MM. Cell-mediated immunity and pregnancy. Chest 1984; 86 (Suppl): 65–95.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Gchrz RC, Christianson WR, Linncr KM, Conroy MM, McCue SA, Balfour HH Jr. A longitudinal analysis of lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogens and antigens during human pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1981; 140: 665–670.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Purtillo DT, Hallgren HM, Yunis EJ. Depressed maternal lymphocyte response to phytohaemagglutinin in human pregnancy. Lancet 1972; 1: 769–771.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Jacoby DR, Olding LB, Oldstonc MBA. Immunologic regulation of fetal-maternal balance. Adv Immunol 1984; 35: 157–208.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Sridama V, Pacini F, Yang SL, Moawad A, Reilly M, De Groot LJ. Decreased levels of helper T-cells—a possible cause of immunodeficiency in pregnancy. N Engl J Med 1982; 307: 352–356.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Garewal G, Sehgal S, Aikat BK, Gupta AN. Cell-mediated immunity in pregnant patients with and without a previous history of spontaneous abortions. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1978; 85: 221–224.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Blecher TE, Thompson MJ. Comparison of uridine uptake at 24 hours with thymidine uptake at 72 hours in phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated cultures of pregnant and other subjects. J Clin Pathol 1976; 29: 727–731.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Clements PJ, Yu DT, Levy J, Pearson CM. Human lymphocyte sub populations: the effect of pregnancy. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1976; 152: 664–666.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Bulmer R, Hancock KW. Depletion of circulating T lymphocytes in pregnancy. Clin Exp Immunol 1977; 28: 302–305.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Dodson MG, Kerman RH, Lange CF, Sefani SS, O’Leary JA. T and B cells in pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1977; 49: 299–302.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Suzuki K, Tomasi TB Jr. Immune responses during pregnancy. J Exp Med 1979; 150: 898–908.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Damber MG, von Schoultz B, Stigbrand T. The immunological paradox of pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand (Suppl) 1977; 66: 39–47.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Amstey MS, Insel RA, Pichichero ME. Neonatal passive immunization by maternal vaccination. Obstet Gynecol 1984; 83: 105–109.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Weinberg ED. Pregnancy-associated depression of cell-mediated immunity. Rev Infect Dis 1984; 6: 814–831.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Rocklin RE, Kitzmiller JL, Kaye MD. Immunobiology of the maternal-fetal relationship. Ann Rev Med 1979; 30: 375–404.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Lloyd S, Soulsby EJL. Effect of pregnancy and lactation on infection with Toxocara canis in dogs. Parasitology 1982; 85: 39.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Harrison MR. Maternal immunocompetence II. Proliferative responses of maternal lymphocytes in vitro and inhibition by serum from pregnant rats. Scand J Immunol 1976; 5: 881–889.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Brabin BJ. Epidemiology of infection in pregnancy. Rev Infect Dis 1985; 7: 579–603.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Gall SA. Maternal immune system during human gestation. Semin Perinatol 1977; 2: 119–131.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Freeman DW, Barno A. Deaths from Asian influenza associated with pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1959; 78: 1171–1175.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Greenberg M, Jacobziner H, Pakter J, Weisl BAG. Maternal mortality in the epidemic of Asian influenza. New York City, 1957. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1958; 76: 897–902.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Siegel M, Greenberg M. Incidence of poliomyelitis in pregnancy. N Engl J Med 1955; 253: 841–847.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Weinstein L, Aycoc WL, Feemster RF. The relation of sex, pregnancy and menstruation to susceptibility in poliomyelitis. N Engl J Med 1951; 245: 54–58.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Priddle HD, Leuz WR, Young DC, Stevenson CS. Poliomyelitis in pregnancy and the puerperium. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1952; 63: 408–455.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Morrow RH Jr, Smetana HF, Sai FT, Edgcomb JH. Unusual features of viral hepatitis in Accra, Ghana. Ann Intern Med 1968; 68: 1250–1264.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. D’Cruz I, Balani SG, Tver LS. Infectious hepatitis and pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1968; 31: 449–455.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Borhanmanesh F, Hughighi P, Hekmat K, Rezaizadeh K, Ghavami AG. Viral hepatitis during pregnancy. Gastroenterology 1973; 64: 304–312.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Khuroo MS, Teli MR, Skidmore S, Sofi MA, Khuroo MI. Incidence and severity of viral hepatitis in pregnancy. Am J Med 1981; 70: 252–255.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Cossart YE. The outcome of hepatitis B virus infection in pregnancy. Postgrad Med J 1977; 53: 610–613.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Sherlock S. Jaundice in pregnancy. Br Med Bull 1968; 24: 39–43.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Evans AS. Viral Infections of Humans. New York: Plenum Medical, 1984; pp. 100, 263.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Fleisher G, Bologncse R. Persistent Epstein-Barr virus infection and pregnancy. J Infect Dis 1983; 147: 982–986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Bammerman RHO. Burkitts tumour in pregnancy. (Letter) Br Med J 1966; 2: 1137–1138.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Jones DED, D’Avignon MB, Lawrence R, Latshaw RF. Burkitt’s lymphoma: obstetric and gynaecological aspects. Obstet Gynecol 1980; 56: 533–536.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Young RL, Acosta AA, Kaufman RH. The treatment of large condylomata acuminata complicating pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1973; 41: 65–73.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Rein M, Holmes KK. Nonspecific vaginitis, vulvovaginal candidiasis and trichomas: clinical features, diagnosis and management. In: Clinical Topics in Infectious Diseases, No. 4. Eds. JS Remington, MN Schwartz. New York: McGraw Hill, 1986; p.294.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Drutz D, Huppert M. Coccidioidomycosis: factors affecting the host-parasite interaction. J Infect Dis 1983; 147: 372–390.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Brabin BJ. An analysis of malaria in pregnancy in Africa. Bull WHO 1983; 61: 1005–1016.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Snider D. Pregnancy and tuberculosis. Chest 1984; 86: 108–138.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Hcdvall E. Pregnancy and tuberculosis. Acta Med Scand (Suppl) 1953; 147: Suppl 286: 1–101.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Crombie JB. Pregnancy and pulmonary tuberculosis. Br J Tuber 1954; 48: 97–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Sunderam G, McDonald RJ, Maniatis T, Oleske J, Kapila R, Reichman LB,. Tuberculosis as a manifestation for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). JAMA 1986; 256: 362–366.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Agatsuma Y, Fitzpatrick P, Lee A, Kaul A, Oga PL. Cell-mediated immunity to cytomegalovirus in pregnant women. Am J. Reprod Immunol 1981; 1: 74.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Reynolds DW, Stagno S. Hosty TS, Tiller M, Alford CA Jr. Maternal cytomegalovirus excretion and perinatal infection. N Engl J Med 1973; 289: 1–5.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Ng ABP, Reagan JW, Yen SSC. Herpes genitalis. Obstet Gynecol 1970; 36: 645–651.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Poste G, Hawkins DF, Thomlinson J. Herpesvirus hominis infection of the female genital tract. Obstet Gynecol 1972; 40: 871–890.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Young EJ, Killam AP, Greene JF Jr. Disseminated herpes-virus infection associated with primary genital herpes in pregnancy. JAMA 1976; 235: 2731–2733.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Klein RS, Harris CA, Small CB, Moll B, Lesser M, Friedland GH. Oral candidiasis in high-risk patients as the initial manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 1984; 311: 354–358.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Schrager L, Friedland GH, Klein RS, Maude D, Schreiber K, Koss LG. Increased risk of cervical and/or vaginal squamous atypia in women infected with HTV. III International Conference on Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) June 1987, Washington; (Abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  69. Centers for Disease Control. Revision of the CDC Surveillance Case Definition for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. MMWR 1987; 36: 35–155.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Minkoff HL, Nanda D, Menez R, Fikrig S. Pregnancies resulting in infants with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or AIDS-related complex: follow-up of mothers, children, and subsequently born siblings. Obstet Gynecol 1987; 69: 288–291.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Tshibangu K, Kayembe K, Smariuli K, Mbuyamba N. Feto-maternal risk during acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. International Conference on AIDS, Paris, France, June, 1986; (Abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  72. Ciraru-Vigneron N, Tan Lung RN, Brunner C, Barrier J, Wantier J, Boizard B. HIV infection among high-risk pregnant women. Lancet 1987; 1: 630.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Schoenbaum EE, Selwyn PA, Feingold AR, Davenny K, Roberta V, Rogers M. The effect of pregnancy on progression of HIV-related disease. III International Conference on Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), Washington; June 1987; (Abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  74. MacCallum LI. Presentation at International Hospital Infection Society conference, 1987, London, England. Cited in AIDS Alert 1987; 2: 162.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Dr E. E. Schoenbaum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ms K. Davenny
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Dr P. A. Selwyn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield, S5 7AU, UK

    Frank Sharp MD, FRCOG

  2. Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, West Smithfield, London, EC1A 7BG, UK

    Christopher Neville Hudson FRCS, FRCOG (Physician Accoucheur) (Physician Accoucheur)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1988 The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schoenbaum, E.E., Davenny, K., Selwyn, P.A. (1988). The impact of pregnancy on HIV-related disease. In: Sharp, F., Hudson, C.N. (eds) AIDS and Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Springer, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3150-2_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-3150-2_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4471-3152-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4471-3150-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation