Abstract
Emerson first described self-injurious behavior in 1913 when he posited that cutting was a symbolic substitution for masturbation. Since that early reference to the behavior, categorization models, assessment procedures, and treatment modalities have evolved. However, the research in this area is still in its infancy. Given the prevalence among adolescents and the potential deleterious effects, it is essential that study into the etiology, including behavioral function, assessment, and intervention and prevention treatments continues. This chapter reviews the current literature base in self-injurious behavior and suggests avenues for further study.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., rev.) Washington, DC: Author.
American Psychiatric Association (2010). DSM-5 development: Non-suicidal self injury. Retrieved November 8, 2010, from http://www.dsm5.org/ProposedRevisions/Pages/proposedrevision.aspx?rid=443#
Brausch, A. M., & Gutierrez, P. M. (2010). Differences in non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts in adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39, 233–242.
Beasley, T. M., & Dolin, I. H. (1998). Factor analyses of the Chronic Self-Destructiveness Scale among delinquent and non-delinquent adolescent males. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 26, 141–156.
Brasic, J. R., Barnett, J. Y., Ahn, S. C., Nadrich, R. H., Will, M. V., & Clair, A. (1997). Clinical assessment of self-injurious behavior. Psychological Reports, 80, 155–160.
Brown, M. Z., Comtois, K. A., & Linehan, M. M. (2002). Reasons for suicide attempts and nonsuicidal self-injury in women with borderline personality disorder. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111, 198–202.
Brown, L. K., Houck, C. D., Grossman, C. I., Lescano, C. M., & Frenkel, J. L. (2008). Frequency of adolescent self-cutting as a predictor of HIV risk. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 29, 161–165.
Carlson, L., DeGeer, S. M., Deur, C., & Fenton, K. (2005). Teachers’ awareness of self-cutting behavior among the adolescent population. Praxis, 5, 22–29.
Claes, L., & Vandereycken, W. (2007). Self-injurious behavior: Differential diagnosis and functional differentiation. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 48, 137–144.
Cloutier, P., Martin, J., Kennedy, A., Nixon, M. K., & Muehlenkamp, J. J. (2009). Characteristics and co-occurrence of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal behaviors in pediatric emergency crises services. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39, 259–269.
DeLiberto, T., & Nock, M. (2008). An exploratory study of correlates, onset, and offset of non-suicidal self-injury. Archives of Suicide Research, 12, 219–231.
Emerson, L. E. (1913). The case of Miss A: A preliminary report of a psychoanalysis study and treatment of a case of self-mutilation. The Psychoanalytic Review: A Journal Devoted to an Understanding of Human Conduct, 1, 41–54.
Favazza, A. R. (1987). Bodies under siege: Self-mutilation and body modification in culture and psychiatry. Baltimore, MD: John Hopkins University Press.
Favazza, A. R. (1998). The coming of age of self-mutilation. Journal of Nervous and Mental disease, 186, 259–268.
Gardner, A. R., & Gardner, A. J. (1975). Self-mutilation, obsessionality and narcissism. British Journal of Psychiatry, 127, 127–132.
Goldston, D. B., & Compton, J. S. (2007). Adolescent suicidal and nonsuicidal self-harm behaviors and risks. In E. J. Mash & R. A. Barkely (Eds.), Assessment of childhood disorders (4th ed., pp. 305–343). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
Gratz, K. L. (2001). Measurement of deliberate self-harm: Preliminary Data on the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 23, 253–263.
Guertin, T., Lloyd-Richardson, E., Spirito, A., Donaldson, D., & Boergers, J. (2001). Self-mutilative behavior in adolescents who attempt suicide by overdose. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 1062–1069.
Haines, J., Williams, C. L., Brain, K. L., & Wilson, G. V. (1995). The psychophysiology of self-mutilation. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 471–489.
Hilt, L. M., Nock, M. K., Lloyd-Richardson, E. E., & Prinstein, M. J. (2008). Longitudinal study of nonsuicidal self-injury among young adolescents: Rates, correlates, and preliminary test of an interpersonal model. Journal of Early Adolescence, 28, 455–469.
Hoffman, R. M., & Kress, V. E. (2008). Narrative therapy and non-suicidal self-injurious behavior: Externalizing the problem and internalizing personal agency. Journal of Humanistic Counseling, Education and Development, 47, 157–171.
Iwata, B. A., Dorsey, M. F., Slifer, K. J., Bauman, K. E., & Richman, G. S. (1994). Toward a functional analysis of self-injury. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 27, 197–209.
Iwata, B. A., Pace, G. M., Dorsey, M. F., Zarcone, J. R., Vollmer, T. R., Smith, R. G., et al. (1994). The functions of self-injurious behavior: An experimental-epidemiological analysis. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 27, 215–240.
Kanan, L. M., Finger, J., & Plog, A. E. (2008). Self injury and youth: Best practices for school intervention. School Psychology Forum: Research in Practice, 2, 67–79.
Klonsky, E. D., & Glenn, C. R. (2008). Assessing the functions of non-suicidal self-injury: Psychometric properties of the Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS). Journal of Psychopathology & Behavioral Assessment, 31, 215–219.
Klonsky, E. D., & Moyer, A. (2008). Childhood sexual abuse and non-suicidal self-injury: Meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 192, 166–170.
Klonsky, E. D., & Muehlenkamp, J. J. (2007). Self-injury: A research review for the practitioner. Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session, 63, 1045–1056.
Klonsky, E. D., & Olino, T. M. (2008). Identifying clinically distinct subgroups of self-injurers among young adults: A latent class analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76, 22–27.
Klonsky, E. D., Oltmanns, T. F., & Turkheimer, E. (2003). Deliberate self-harm in a nonclinical population: Prevalence and psychological correlates. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 1501–1508.
Lacey, J. H. (1993). Self-damaging and addictive behavior in bulimia nervosa: A catchment area study. British Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 190–194.
Langbehn, D. R., & Pfohl, B. (1993). Clinical correlates of self-mutilation among psychiatric inpatients. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 5, 45–51.
Laye-Gindhu, A., & Schonert-Reichl, K. A. (2005). Nonsuicidal self-harm among community adolescents: Understanding the “whats” and “whys” of self-harm. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34, 447–457.
Linehan, M. M., Comtois, K. A., Brown, M. Z., Heards, H. L., & Wagner, A. (2006). Suicide Attempt Self-injury Interview (SASII): Development, reliability, and validity of a scale to assess suicide attempts and intentional self-injury. Psychological Assessment, 18, 303–312.
Linehan, M. M., Comtois, K. A., Murray, A. M., Brown, M. Z., Gallop, R. J., Heard, H. L., et al. (2006). Two-year randomized control trial and follow-up of dialectical behavior therapy vs therapy by experts for suicidal behaviors and borderline personality disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63, 757–766.
Linehan, M. M., Armstrong, H. E., Suarez, A., Allmon, D., & Heard, H. L. (1991). Cognitive-behavioral treatment of chronically parasuicidal borderline patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 1060–1064.
Lloyd-Richardson, E. E. (2008). Adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury: Who is doing it and why? Journal of Development and Behavioral Pediatrics, 29, 216–218.
Menninger, K. (1935). A psychoanalytic study of the significance of self-mutilation. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 4, 408–466.
Menninger, K. (1938). Self-mutilations. In Man against himself (Part IV, Section II, pp. 203–249) New York: Harcourt & Brace.
Muehlenkamp, J. J., & Gutierrez, P. M. (2004). An investigation of differences between self-injurious behavior and suicide attempts in a sample of adolescents. Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior, 34, 12–23.
Muehlenkamp, J. J., & Kerr, P. L. (2010). Untangling a complex web: How non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts differ. The Prevention Researcher, 17, 8–10.
Muehlenkamp, J. J., Walsh, B. W., & McDade, M. (2009). Preventing non-suicidal self-injury in adolescents: The Signs of Self-injury Program. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39, 306–314.
Nock, M. K. (2009). Why do people hurt themselves? New insights into the nature and functions of self-injury. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18, 78–83.
Nock, M. K., Joiner, T. E., Jr., Gordon, K. H., Lloyd-Richardson, E., & Prinstein, M. J. (2006). Non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents: Diagnostic correlates and relation to suicide attempts. Psychiatry Research, 144, 65–72.
Nock, M. K., & Mendes, W. B. (2008). Physiological arousal, distress tolerance, and social problem-solving deficits among adolescent self-injurers. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76, 28–38.
Nock, M. K., & Prinstein, M. J. (2004). A functional approach to the assessment of self- mutilative behavior. Journal of Consulting and clinical Psychology, 72, 885–890.
Nock, M. K., & Prinstein, M. J. (2005). Contextual features and behavioral functions of self-mutilation among adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114, 140–146.
Nock, M. K., Teper, R., & Hollander, M. (2007). Psychological treatment of self-injury among adolescents. Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session, 63, 1081–1089.
Paul, T., Schroeter, K., Dahme, B., & Nutzinger, D. O. (2002). Self-injurious behavior in women with eating disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 408–411.
Prinstein, M., Nock, M., Spirito, A., & Grapentine, W. (2001). Multimethod assessment of suicidality in adolescent psychiatric inpatients: Preliminary results. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 1053–1061.
Roberts-Dobie, S., & Donatelle, R. J. (2007). School counselors and student self-injury. Journal of School Health, 77, 257–264.
Rosen, P. M., & Heard, K. V. (1995). A method for reporting self-harm according to level of injury and location on the body. Suicide and Life Threatening Behavior, 25, 381–385.
Rosenthal, R. J., Rinzler, C., Walsh, R., & Klausner, E. (1972). Wrist-cutting syndrome: The meaning of the gesture. American Journal of Psychiatry, 128, 1363–1368.
Ross, S., Heath, N. L., & Toste, J. R. (2009). Non-suicidal self-injury and eating pathology in high school students. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 79, 83–92.
Ross, R. R., & McKay, H. B. (1979). Self-mutilation. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
Selekamn, M. D. (2010). Collaborative strengths-based brief therapy with self-injuring adolescents and their families. The Prevention Researcher, 17, 18–20.
Serras, A., Saules, K. K., Cranford, J. A., & Eisenberg, D. (2010). Self-injury, substance abuse, and associated risk factors in a multi-campus probability sample of college students. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 24, 119–128.
Shapiro, S. (2008). Addressing self-injury in the school setting. The Journal of School Nursing, 24, 124–130.
Simeon, D., & Favazza, A. R. (2001). Self-injurious behaviors: Phenomenology and assessment. In D. Simeon & E. Hollander (Eds.), Self-injurious behaviors: Assessment and treatment (pp. 1–28). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Publishing.
Simpson, M. A. (1975). The phenomenology of self-mutilation in a general hospital setting. Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal, 20, 429–434.
Suyemoto, K. L. (1998). The functions of self-mutilation. Clinical Psychology Review, 18, 531–554.
Van der Kolk, B. A., Perry, J. C., & Herman, J. L. (1991). Childhood origins of self-destructive behavior. American Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 1665–1641.
Walsh, B. (2007). Clinical assessment of self-injury: A practical guide. Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session, 63, 1057–1068.
Whitlock, J., Eckenrode, J., & Silverman, D. (2006). Self-injurious behaviors in a college population. Pediatrics, 117, 1939–1948.
Wildman, P., Lilenfeld, L. R. R., & Marcus, M. D. (2004). Axis I comorbidity onset and parasuicide in women with eating disorders. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 35, 190–197.
Yates, T. M. (2004). The developmental psychopathology of self-injurious behavior: Compensatory regulation in posttraumatic adaption. Clinical Psychology Review, 24, 35–74.
Yip, K. (2006). A strengths perspective in working with an adolescent with self-cutting behaviors. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 23, 134–146.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dombrowski, S.C., Gischlar, K.L., Mrazik, M. (2011). Self-Injurious Behavior. In: Assessing and Treating Low Incidence/High Severity Psychological Disorders of Childhood. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9970-2_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9970-2_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-9969-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4419-9970-2
eBook Packages: Behavioral ScienceBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)