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Diagnostic Tests and Treatment of Dyspepsia in Children

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Dyspepsia in Clinical Practice

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Abstract

Dyspepsia – from the Latin word meaning “difficult (or abnormal) digestion” – is a symptom complex that encompasses, in variable combinations, such complaints as pain or discomfort localized in the upper abdomen, a subjective sense of bloating and/or an objective distension of the upper abdomen, nausea, early satiety and/or loss of appetite, regurgitation and/or vomiting, belching, and occasional heartburn. Children of preschool age usually cannot localize abdominal pain properly and cannot fully understand the concept of “nausea.” Small children usually report that they feel “sick” and/or “tummy/belly ache” and/or “butterflies in stomach” and/or other more or less imaginative definitions. Therefore, dyspepsia is more easily – and appropriately – diagnosed in school age children, where it appears to be a relatively common condition [1, 2]. Functional dyspepsia (FD) as defined by the Rome II criteria has a prevalence of 0.3% among children seen by primary care physicians in Italy and 12.5% to 15.9% among schoolchildren referred to tertiary care centers in the USA [3–5]. In any age group (including adulthood), the clinical manifestations of dyspepsia are entirely nonspecific and present a considerable overlap with manifestations related to conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (with or without esophagitis), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), constipation, and gastrointestinal infections including gastritis due to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).

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  1. GI Pathophysiology and Gastroenterology, University Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy

    Alberto Ravelli

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  1. Medical School in Zagreb, University of, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepat, University Hospital “Sestre milosrdnice”, Vinogrdska Str. 29, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia

    Marko Duvnjak

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Ravelli, A. (2011). Diagnostic Tests and Treatment of Dyspepsia in Children. In: Duvnjak, M. (eds) Dyspepsia in Clinical Practice. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1730-0_16

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