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Nonlinear Optics

  • Reference work entry
Springer Handbook of Lasers and Optics

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

This chapter provides a brief introduction into the basic nonlinear-optical phenomena and discusses some of the most significant recent advances and breakthroughs in nonlinear optics, as well as novel applications of nonlinear-optical processes and devices.

Nonlinear optics is the area of optics that studies the interaction of light with matter in the regime where the response of the material system to the applied electromagnetic field is nonlinear in the amplitude of this field. At low light intensities, typical of non-laser sources, the properties of materials remain independent of the intensity of illumination. The superposition principle holds true in this regime, and light waves can pass through materials or be reflected from boundaries and interfaces without interacting with each other. Laser sources, on the other hand, can provide sufficiently high light intensities to modify the optical properties of materials. Light waves can then interact with each other, exchanging momentum and energy, and the superposition principle is no longer valid. This interaction of light waves can result in the generation of optical fields at new frequencies, including optical harmonics of incident radiation or sum- or difference-frequency signals.

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Abbreviations

BBO:

β-Barium-Borate

CARS:

coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering

CCD:

charge-coupled device

DFG:

difference-frequency generation

DFWM:

degenerate four-wave mixing

FDTD:

finite-difference time domain

FROG:

frequency-resolved optical gating

FWM:

four-wave mixing

GVD:

group velocity dispersion

IR:

infrared

MI:

modulation instability

NLSE:

nonlinear Schrödinger equation

OPA:

optical parametric amplifier

OPCPA:

optical parametric chirped pulse amplification

OPO:

optical parametric oscillator

PBG:

photonic band gap

PCF:

photonic-crystal fibers

RIKE:

Raman-induced Kerr effect

SC:

supercontinuum

SEM:

scanning electron microscope

SFG:

sum-frequency generation

SHG:

second-harmonic generation

SPM:

self-phase modulation

SRS:

stimulated Raman scattering

SSFS:

soliton self-frequency shift

SVEA:

slowly varying envelope approximation

THG:

third-harmonic generation

UV:

ultraviolet

XPM:

cross-phase modulation

XUV:

extreme ultraviolet (soft X-ray)

YAG:

yttrium aluminium garnet

YLF:

yttrium lithium fluoride

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vorobyevy gory, 119992, Moscow, Russia

    Aleksei Zheltikov Prof.

  2. Department of Physics, University of Lund, P.O. Box 118, 22100, Lund, Sweden

    Anne LʼHuillier Ph.D.

  3. Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Str. 1, 85748, Garching, Germany

    Ferenc Krausz Prof.

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  1. Aleksei Zheltikov Prof.
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  1. Department of Physics, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132, Kassel, Germany

    Frank Träger Prof.

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Zheltikov, A., LʼHuillier, A., Krausz, F. (2007). Nonlinear Optics. In: Träger, F. (eds) Springer Handbook of Lasers and Optics. Springer Handbooks. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30420-5_4

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