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Treatment of Azo Dye-Containing Wastewater Using Integrated Processes

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Biodegradation of Azo Dyes

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 9))

Abstract

Azo dyes are the most widely used dyes in textile industry. During the dyeing process, the degree of exhaustion of dyes is never complete, resulting in azo dye-containing effluents. The biodegradation of azo dyes is difficult due to their complex structure and synthetic nature. The removal of azo dyes from industry effluents is desirable not only for aesthetic reasons but also because azo dyes and their breakdown products are toxic to aquatic life and mutagenic to humans. In recent years, application of integrated processes for treatment of azo dye-containing wastewater has received considerable attention in the literatures. This review highlights some of the notable examples in the use of integrated processes for azo dye-containing wastewater treatment and deals with biodegradation mechanism of azo dyes. The review also summarizes and attempts to compare the advantages and disadvantages of integrated processes. It can be found that integrated treatment system seems to be an efficient and promising alternative for the treatment of azo dye-containing wastewater.

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Abbreviations

ADMI:

American dye manufacturer institute

AOMBR:

Anaerobic–oxic membrane bioreactor

AOPs:

Advanced oxidation processes

AR151:

Acid Red-151

ASP:

Activated sludge process

BOD:

Biochemical oxygen demand

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

DO:

Dissolved oxygen

EGSB:

Expanded granular sludge bed

GAC:

Granular activated carbon

HRP:

Horseradish peroxidase enzyme

HRT:

Hydraulic retention time

MF:

Microfiltration

NF:

Nanofiltration

RB5:

Reactive Black 5

RO:

Reverse osmosis

SBR:

Sequencing batch reactor

SRT:

Solids retention time

TDS:

Total dissolved solids

TiO2 :

Titan dioxide

TS:

Total solids

UASB:

Up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket

UF:

Ultrafiltration

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. F.P. van der Zee and S. Villaverde (Combined anaerobic–aerobic treatment of azo dyes – a short review of bioreactor studies), whose work was much helpful for us.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China

    Xujie Lu

  2. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China

    Rongrong Liu

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  1. Xujie Lu
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Correspondence to Xujie Lu .

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  1. , Department of Environmental Engineering, Cyprus International University, Haspola, Nicosa, 33343, Turkey

    Hatice Atacag Erkurt

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Lu, X., Liu, R. (2010). Treatment of Azo Dye-Containing Wastewater Using Integrated Processes. In: Atacag Erkurt, H. (eds) Biodegradation of Azo Dyes. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 9. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2009_47

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