Abstract
The goal of this chapter is to both review the best practices of participatory processes and outline an approach that provides sufficient and appropriate participation within the context of wicked environmental problems. It is now part of the received wisdom that public participation is essential in managing complex environmental problems. Such participation is both intended to elicit (at least implicitly) broadly held public values relevant to the management decision at hand, and to incorporate those values into the final decision. However, because typical participatory processes generally fall victim to shortcomings that limit their utility in dealing with wicked problems, decision makers are often frustrated with, and question, the ultimate benefits of public participation.
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Balint, P.J., Stewart, R.E., Desai, A., Walters, L.C. (2011). Participatory Processes. In: Wicked Environmental Problems. Island Press, Washington, DC. https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-047-7_6
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