Abstract
Commodore Matthew C. Perry’s expedition to Japan in 1853 and 1854 is characterized as having “opened up” Japan1 and ushered in a period of transformation beginning with the Meiji Restoration (1867–1868). The history of the Meiji era (1868–1912) has received special attention2 but the role of science, technology, and medicine in the transformations that Japan underwent at that time and in the decades that immediately followed, has yet to be revisited.
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Notes
See, e.g., Peter Booth Wiley with Korogi Ichiro, Yankees in the Land of the Gods: Commodore Perry and the Opening of Japan (New York: Penguin Books, 1991).
Helen Hardacre, with Adam L. Kern, eds., New Directions in the Study of Meiji Japan (Leiden: Brill, 1997).
Francis L. Hawks, Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan, Performed in the Years 1852, 1853, and 1854, under the Command of Commodore M.C. Perry, United States Navy, by Order of the Government of the United States (New York: Appleton, 1856).
Chang-su Houchins, Artifacts of Diplomacy: Smithsonian Collections from Commodore Matthew Perry’s Japan Expedition (1853–1854) (Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1995), p. 149.
Tom Standage, The Victorian Internet: The Remarkable Story of the Telegraph and the Nineteenth Century’s Online Pioneers (London: Phoenix, 1999).
Timon Screech, The Lens within the Heart: The Western Scientific Gaze and Popular Imagery in Later Edo Japan, second edition (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2002), Chapter 1.
Iwan Rhys Morus, “The Measure of Man: Technologizing the Victorian Body,” History of Science 1999, 37 249–282, on p. 249.
See Tessa Morris-Suzuki, The Technological Transformation of Japan: From the Seventeenth to the Twenty-first Century (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994), cover illustration and Figure 4.1, p. 76.
Carol Gluck, Japan’s Modern Myths: Ideology in the Late Meiji Period (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1985).
Takashi Fujitani, Splendid Monarchy: Power and Pageantry in Modern Japan (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996).
James R. Bartholomew, The Formation of Science in Japan: Building a Research Tradition (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989).
Shigenobu Ōkuma, “Conclusion,” in Fifty Years of New Japan (Kaikoku Gojūnen Shi), ed. Shigenobu Ōkuma and Marcus B. Huish (London: Smith, Elder, and Co., 1909), pp. 554–575, esp. p. 555.
W.G. Beasley, The Meiji Restoration (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1972), p. 108;
Janet Hunter (comp.), Concise Dictionary of Modern Japanese History (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984), pp. 233, 240.
D. Eleanor Westney, Imitation and Innovation: The Transfer of Western Organizational Patterns to Meiji Japan (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1987).
Tessa Morris-Suzuki, “The Great Translation: Traditional and Modern Science in Japan’s Industrialisation,” Historia Scientiarum 1995, 5 (2): 103–116;
Tessa Morris-Suzuki, Re-Inventing Japan: Time, Space, Nation (Armonk, N.Y.: M.E. Sharpe, 1998), p. 163.
Hans Christian von Baeyer, Information: The New Language of Science (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 2003).
William Johnston, The Modern Epidemic: A History of Tuberculosis in Japan (Cambridge, Mass.: Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1995).
Sumiko Otsubo and James R. Bartholomew, “Eugenics in Japan: Some Ironies of Modernity, 1883–1945,” Science in Context 1998, 11 (3–4): 545–565, on p. 546.
Richard J. Samuels, “Rich Nation, Strong Army”: National Security and the Technological Transformation of Japan (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994), p. 42.
William H. Coaldrake, The Way of the Carpenter: Tools and Japanese Architecture (New York: Weatherhill, 1990).
Gary R. Saxonhouse, “Country Girls and Communication among Competitors in the Japanese Cotton-Spinning Industry,” in Japanese Industrialization and Its Social Consequences, ed. Hugh Patrick with the assistance of Larry Meissner (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976), pp. 97–125, esp. 122–123.
Takatoshi Ito, The Japanese Economy (Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press, 1992), p. 14.
Andrew Gordon, A Modern History of Japan: From Tokugawa Times to the Present (New York: Oxford University Press, 2003), p. 192.
Fujimura Hiroshi, Hirao Genyū, Naitō Masao, and Sakata Hironobu, “The Development of the Flat Glass Industry in Japan,” in The Development of the Japanese Glass Industry: Papers on the History of Industry and Technology of Japan, Vol.3, ed. Erich Pauer and Sakata Hironobu (Marburg: Marburger Japan-Reihe, 1995), pp. 45–64, on p. 49.
Keizo Seki, The Cotton Industry of Japan (Tokyo: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, 1956), p. 311.
Ollivier Dyens, trans. Evan J. Bibbee and Ollivier Dyens, Metal and Flesh, the Evolution of Man: Technology Takes Over (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2001), p. 1.
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Low, M. (2005). Introduction. In: Low, M. (eds) Building a Modern Japan. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403981110_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781403981110_1
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