Skip to main content

The United States

  • Chapter
Globalization Contained
  • 95 Accesses

Abstract

The global financial crisis (GFC) of 2008– 9 was triggered by reduced interest rates, easy credit, subprime lending, and other shortcomings in the United States’ banking system. These shortcomings led to a sharp decline in world trade, private capital flows, and foreign assistance to needy countries. This decline resulted in turn in slower economic growth, falls in production and income, higher global unemployment, and social unrest.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Notes

  1. The Heritage Foundation. 2012. Index of Economic Freedom: United States. [online] Available at:http://www.heritage.org/index/country/unitedstates [Accessed June 4, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  2. Schwab, Klaus. 2012. World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report, 2012–2013. [online] Available at: http://www3.weforum.org/docs/WEF_GlobalCompetitivenessReport_2012–13.pdf [Accessed September 6, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  3. Jeffrey, Terence P. 2012. Federal Government’s Debt Jumps More than $1T for 5th Straight Fiscal Year. [online] July 23. Available at: http://cnsnews.com/news/article/federal-governments-debt-jumps-more-1t-5th-straight-fiscal-year [Accessed June 6, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  4. Central Intelligence Agency. 2012. Country Comparison: Imports. The World Factbook. [online] Available at: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2087rank.html [Accessed June 8, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  5. Central Intelligence Agency. 2012. Country Comparison: Exports. The World Factbook. [online] Available at: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2078rank.html [Accessed June 8, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  6. United States Census Bureau. 2012. Top Trading Partners—Total Trade, Exports, Imports. [online] May. Available at: http://www.census.gov/foreign-trade/statistics/highlights/top/top1205yr.html#total [Accessed June 15, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  7. McKinsey Global Institute. 2010. Growth and Competitiveness in the United States: The Role of Its Multi-National Companies. [online] June. Available at: http://www.mckinsey.com/insights/mgi/research/productivity_competitiveness_and_growth/growth_and_competitiveness_in_us [Accessed May 17, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  8. US Department of Commerce Bureau of Economic Analysis. 2012. Summary Estimates for Multinational Companies: Employment, Sales, and Capital Expenditures for 2010. [online] April 18. Available at:http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/international/mnc/2012/mnc2010.htm [Accessed May 14, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  9. CNN Money. 2011. Global 500. [online] July 25. Available at:http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2011/countries/US.html [Accessed July 7, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  10. Colliers International Valuation & Advisor Services. 2011. U.S. Port Analysis. [online] Available at:http://www.icsc.org/2012WF/2011%2012%20Dec%2029%20-%20Colliers%20US%20Port%20Spotlight.vFinalKC.pdf [Accessed April 10, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  11. U.S. Department of Transportation Maritime Administration. 2011. U.S. Water Transportation Statistical Snapshot. [online] February. Available at:http://www.marad.dot.gov/documents/US_Water_Transportation_Statistical_snapshot.pdf [Accessed February 27, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  12. US Department of Transportation. 2011. America’s Container Ports: Linking Markets at Home and Abroad. [online] January. Available at: http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/35000/35900/35956/Container_ports.pdf [Accessed June 12, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  13. World Shipping Council. 2010. Top 50 World Container Ports. [online] Available at: http://www.worldshipping.org/about-the-industry/global-trade/top-50-world-container-ports [Accessed June 12, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  14. Elias, Bart. 2010. Screening and Securing Air Cargo: Background and Issues for Congress. [online] December 2. Available at: http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/homesec/R41515.pdf [Accessed March 19, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  15. American Association of Port Authorities. 2009. US Public Port Facts. [online] Available at: http://www.aapa-ports.org/Industry/content.cfm?ItemNumber=1032&navItemNumber=1034 [Accessed March 2, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  16. Brooks, Mary R. 2004. The Governance Structure of Ports. Review of Network Economics. [e-journal] 3 (2) June, pp. 168–83. Available through: Berkeley Electronic Press database [Accessed November 17, 2010].

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Hall, Adele, Sheik, Abdul, and Schwartz, Daniel. 2008. The Airline Deregulation Act. [online] October 17. Available at: http://nexus.umn.edu/Courses/Cases/CE5212/F2008/CS6/CS6-report.pdf [Accessed August 4, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  18. US Department of Transportation. 2009. DOT Organizations. [online] May 27. Available at:http://www.dot.gov/summary.htm [Accessed April 6, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  19. Carafano, James J., Bucci, Steve, and Zuckerman, Jessica. 2012. Fifty Terror Plots Foiled since 9/11: The Homegrown Threat and the Long War on Terrorism. [online] April 25. Available at:http://thf_media.s3.amazonaws.com/2012/pdf/bg2682.pdf [Accessed July 23, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  20. Richardson, Michael. 2004. A Time Bomb for Global Trade: Maritime-Related Terrorism in an Age of Weapons of Mass Destruction. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Bliss, Jeff. 2012. US Backs off All—Cargo Scanning Goal with Inspections at 4%. [online] August 12. Available at: http://www.bloomberg.com/2012-08-13/u-s-backs-off-all-cargo-scanning-goal-with-inspections-at-4-.html [Accessed May 21, 2013].

    Google Scholar 

  22. Congressional Research Service. 2005. Transportation Security: Issues for the 109th Congress. [online] December 7. Available at: http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/59935.pdf [Accessed October 12, 2010].

    Google Scholar 

  23. Department of Homeland Security Office of Inspector General. 2009. Transportation Security Administration’s Known Shipper Program. [online] March 5. Available at:http://www.oig.dhs.gov/assets/Mgmt/OIGr_09–35_Mar09.pdf [Accessed February 15, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  24. Tons Logistics. 2012. CBP Releases ACAS Pilot Strategic Plan. [online] April 9. Available at:http://tonslogistics.com/newsletter.asp?nid=50 [Accessed August 21, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  25. Transportation Security Administration. 2012. TSA and EU Achieve Unprecedented Air Cargo Security through Agreement. [online] June 1. Available at: http://www.tsa.gov/press/releases/2012/0601.shtm [Accessed July 22, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  26. Black, Jeff. 2012. TSA Sets Deadline for “100 Percent” Screening of Cargo on US—Bound Passenger Flights. [online] May 17. Available at: http://usnews.msnbc.msn.com/_news/2012/05/17/11745565-tsa-sets-deadline-for-100-percent-screening-of-cargo-on-us-bound-passenger-flights?lite [Accessed February 3, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  27. Mead, Kenneth M. 2003. Aviation Security Costs, Transportation Security Administration. [online] February 5. Available at: http://www.oig.dot.gov/sites/dot/files/pdfdocs/cc2003066.pdf [Accessed March 25, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  28. Global Business Travel Association. 2012. Aviation Security Funding. [online] Available at: https://www2.nbta.org/usa/governmentrelations/Pages/SecurityFunding.aspx [Accessed March 24, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  29. Wrightson, Margaret T. 2005. Maritime Security: Enhancements Made, but Implementation and Sustainability Remain Key Challenges. US Government Accountability Office. [online] May 17. Available at: http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d05448t.pdf [Accessed March 13, 2009].

    Google Scholar 

  30. Library of Congress. 2006. Bill Summary & Status 109th Congress (2005–2006) H.R. 4954. [online] Available at: http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d109:H.R.4954 [Accessed November 25, 2008].

    Google Scholar 

  31. Schneidmiller, Chris. 2012. Homeland Security to Extend Cargo Nuclear Scanning Deadline. [online] February 9. Available at: http://www.nti.org/gsn/article/homeland-security-extend-nuclear-scanning-deadline [Accessed August 3, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  32. American Association of Port Authorities. 2006. Five Years after 9/11 Attacks: US Ports More Secure than Ever, Progress Must Continue. [online] September 1. Available at:http://www.aapa-ports.org/Press [Accessed March 27, 2008].

    Google Scholar 

  33. Koslowski, Rey. 2005. Smart Borders, Virtual Borders or No Borders: Homeland Security Choices for the United States and Canada. Law and Business Review of the Americas [e-journal] 11 (3–4) Summer/Fall, pp. 527–50. Available through: LexisNexis Academic database [Accessed July 19, 2010].

    Google Scholar 

  34. Ferriere, Dale, Nieves, Rafael, and McCarthy, George. 2009. The Office of Global Maritime Situational Awareness: A Collaborative Approach to Government Information Sharing. Journal of Safety and Security at Sea 66 (1) Spring, pp. 10–17.

    Google Scholar 

  35. US Department of Homeland Security. 2005. Maritime Commerce Security Plan for the National Strategy for Maritime Security. [online] October. Available at: http://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/HSPD_MCSPlan.pdf [Accessed September 2, 2008].

    Google Scholar 

  36. Transportation Security Administration. 2012. TSA and EU Achieve Unprecedented Air Cargo Security through Agreement. [online] June 1. Available at: http://www.tsa.gov/press/releases/2012/0601.shtm [Accessed July 11, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  37. Petersen, Jon. 2007. Air Freight Industry—White Paper. [online] April 1. Available at: http://www.efiko.org/material/Air%20Freight%20Industry%20Whitepaper%20by%20J.%20Petersen.pdf [Accessed March 3, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  38. Ogando, Joseph. 2002. Hardened Air Cargo Container Relies on Careful Joining. Design News. [e-journal] 58 (22) November 18, pg. 3. Available through: EBSCOhost database [Accessed March 4, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  39. Elias, Bartholomew. 2010. Screening and Securing Air Cargo: Background and Issues for Congress. [online] December 2. Available at: http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/homesec/R41515.pdf [Accessed February 27, 2011].

    Google Scholar 

  40. Associated Press. 2006. Dubai Ports Sells US Operations. [online] December 11. Available at:http://cbs2.com/business/Dubai.Port.Operations.2.276852.html [Accessed June 4, 2009].

    Google Scholar 

  41. Congressional Research Service Report for Congress. 2011. The Budget Control Act of 2011. [online] August 19. Available at: http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R41965.pdf [Accessed April 4, 2011].

    Google Scholar 

  42. Mica, John L. 2012. Obama Administration’s Coast Guard Budget: Recipe for Disaster, A Second Helping. [online] March 22. Available at: http://transportation.house.gov/News/PRArticle.aspx?NewsID=1573 [Accessed May 10, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  43. American Association of Port Authorities. 2009. Port Security Grant Program—Rounds 1–10 (2002–2010). [online] Available at: http://www.aapa-ports.org/Issues/USGovRelDetail.cfm?itemnumber=18046 [Accessed October 22, 2010].

    Google Scholar 

  44. Federal Emergency Management Agency. 2012. Port Security Program. [online] June 13. Available at: http://www.fema.gov/port-security-grant-program [Accessed August 2, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  45. House Committee on Appropriations, Subcommittee on Homeland Security. 2012. Hearing on the President’s Fiscal Year 2013 Budget Request for CBP. [online] February 29. Available at:http://www.dhs.gov/news/2012/02/29/written-testimony-us-customs-and-border-protection-house-appropriations-subcommittee [Accessed June 24, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  46. Wood, Heather. 2012. The Port of Virginia Infrastructure Update—Norfolk. [online] February 16. Available at:http://www.norfolk.gov/publicworks/SW/pdf/VAPort.pdf [Accessed May 4, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  47. World Shipping Council. 2010. Top 50 World Container Ports. [online] Available at:http://www.worldshipping.org/about-the-industry/global-trade/top-50-world-container-ports [Accessed August 21, 2011].

    Google Scholar 

  48. Leach, Peter T. 2012. APM Terminals Bids to Take Over Virginia Terminals. [online] May 23. Available at: http://www.joc.com/portsterminals/apm-terminals-bids-take-over-virginia-terminals [Accessed July 30. 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  49. Boeing. 2010. World Air—Cargo Forecast 2010–2011. [online] Available at: http://www.boeing.com/commercial/cargo/wacf.pdf [Accessed January 5, 2011].

    Google Scholar 

  50. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). 2011. Review of Maritime Transport. [online] Available at: http://unctad.org/en/docs/rmt2011_en.pdf [Accessed May 5, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  51. Research and Innovative Technology Administration Bureau of Transportation Statistics. 2011. America’s Container Ports: Linking Markets at Home and Abroad. [online] January. Available at:http://www.bts.gov/publications/americas_container_ports/2011/pdf/entire.pdf [Accessed June 23, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  52. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). 2011. Review of Maritime Transport. [online] Available at: http://unctad.org/en/docs/rmt2011_en.pdf [Accessed May 5, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  53. Barrett, Alessandra. G. 2012. 2011 U.S. Containerized Imports Up 3 Percent Year—Over—Year. [online] February 6. Available at: http://www.piers.com/index.cfm?page=newsroom&subpage=piersa&item=ann2012&story=133 [Accessed May 25, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  54. Boeing. 2010. World Air-Cargo Forecast 2010–2011. [online] Available at: http://www.boeing.com/commercial/cargo/wacf.pdf [Accessed January 5, 2011].

    Google Scholar 

  55. International Air Transport Association (IATA). 2010. Air Freight Emerging from the Economic Crisis. [online] February. Available at: http://www.iata.org/pressroom/airlines-international/february-2010/pages/09.aspx [Accessed January 22, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  56. American Institute for Contemporary German Studies. 2012. Prospects for National and Transatlantic Security under Austere Defense Spending. [online] July 2. Available at:http://www.aicgs.org/2012/07/prospects-for-national-and-transatlantic-security-under-austere-defense-spending [Accessed August 18, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  57. Kington, Tom, and Tran, Pierre. 2012. Eurosatory Preview: An Austere Landscape. [online] June 4. Available at: http://www.defensenews.com/article/20120604/DEFREG01/306040010/Eurosatory-Preview-An-Austere-Landscape [Accessed July 2, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

  58. Independent Evaluation Office. 2011. Research at the IMF: Relevance and Utilization. [online] May 20. Available at: http://imf-ieo.info/ieo/files/completedevaluations/Main_Report.pdf [Accessed June 18, 2011].

    Google Scholar 

  59. Department of Homeland Security. 2012. Secretary Napolitano Unveils National Strategy for Global Supply Chain Security. [online] January 25. Available at: http://www.dhs.gov/news/2012/01/25/secretary-napolitano-unveils-national-strategy-global-supply-chain-security [Accessed April 27, 2012].

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Copyright information

© 2013 Lance E. Hoovestal

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hoovestal, L.E. (2013). The United States. In: Globalization Contained. Palgrave Macmillan, New York. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137315915_6

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics