Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Eurosceptic Voices: Beyond Party Systems, Across Civil Society

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Euroscepticism, Democracy and the Media

Part of the book series: Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology ((PSEPS))

Abstract

Research questions emerging from the literature move towards ‘understanding’ Euroscepticism more convincingly (Leconte, Understanding Euroscepticism. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010). However, we still need to investigate Euroscepticism beyond political parties and where and when countries view the lack of success of Eurosceptic parties at the domestic level. This chapter examines public Euroscepticism, as apathy towards politics in general, manifesting itself as an uninterested attitude towards the EU (see Guerra, Central and Eastern European Attitudes in the Face of Union. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013), but also in a more emotional dimension of the phenomenon, when the role of the media or contested debates can further trigger anger and anxiety. The analysis addresses the understanding of the phenomenon to suggest further avenues of research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Bibliography

  • Ágh, A. 2014. Ten Years of the EU Membership in the New Member States: Decline in Democracy, Good Governance and Competitiveness. Paper Prepared for Presentation to the ECPR Joint Sessions, Salamanca, 10–15 April.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, C. 1998. When in Doubt, Use Proxies. Attitudes Toward Domestic Politics and Support for European Integration. Comparative Political Studies (31)(5), pp. 569–601.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bijsmans, P. 2014. The Commission, the Politics of Information and the European Public Sphere. In The Politics of Information. The Case of the European Union, eds. T. Blom and S. Vanhoonacker, 179–192. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2017, this volume. EU Media Coverage in Times of Crisis: Euroscepticism Becoming Mainstream?. In Euroscepticism, Democracy and the Media. Communicating Europe, Contesting Europe, eds. M. Caiani and S. Guerra. Basingstoke: Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brack, N. 2014. L’euroscepticisme au Parlement européen. Stratégies d’une opposition anti-système au cœur des institutions. Brussels: Larcier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brack, N., and N. Startin. 2015. Euroscepticism, from the Margins to the Mainstream. International Political Science Review 36(3): 239–350.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boomgarden, H. G., A. Schuck, M. Elenbaas and C. H. De Vreeese. 2011. Mapping EU attitudes. Conceptual and empirical dimensions of Euroskepticism and EU support. European Union Politics (12)(2), pp. 241–266.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caiani, M., and S. Guerra, eds. 2017, this volume. Euroscepticism, Democracy and the Media. Communicating Europe, Contesting Europe. Basingstoke: Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christin, T. 2005. Economic and Political Basis of Attitudes towards the EU in Central and Eastern European Countries in the 1990s. European Union Politics (6)(1), pp. 29–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conti, N. 2012. Party Elites and the Domestic Discourse on the EU. In The Europe of Elites. A Study into the Europeanness of Europe’s Political and Economic Elites, ed. H. Best, G. Lenglyel, and L. Verzichelli, 192–207. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Conti, N., ed. 2014. Party Attitudes towards the EU in the Member States. Parties for Europe, Parties Against Europe, Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conti, N. and V. Memoli. 2017, this volume. How the Media Make European Citizens More Eurosceptical. In Euroscepticism, Democracy and the Media. Communicating Europe, Contesting Europe, eds. M. Caiani and S. Guerra. Basingstoke: Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Čović, A. 2012. Croatia’s EU Accession Referendum, 22 January 2012, EPERN Referendum Briefing No. 18. Falmer, Brighton: University of Sussex. https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=epern-ref-no18.pdf&site=266

  • Cram, L. 2012. Does the EU Need a Navel? Implicit and Explicit Identification with the European Union. Journal of Common Market Studies 50(1): 71–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Daddow, O. 2011. New Labour and the European Union: Blair and Brown’s Logic of History. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2012. The UK Media and “Europe”: From Permissive Consensus to Destructive Dissent. International Affairs 88(6): 1219–1236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dawson, J., and S. Hanley. 2016. What’s Wrong with East-Central Europe? The Fading Mirage of the “Liberal Consensus”. The Journal of Democracy 27(1): 20–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Vreese, C.H. 2001. Europe in the News: A Cross-National Comparative Study of the News Coverage of Key EU Events. European Union Politics 2(3): 283–307.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Vreese, C.H., and H. Boomgaarden. 2006. Media Effects on Public Opinion about the Enlargement of the European Union. Journal of Common Market Studies 44(2): 419–436.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • de Vries, C.E. 2013. Ambivalent Europeans? Public Support for European Integration in East and West. Government and Opposition 48(3): 434–461.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Wilde, P., A. Michailidou, and H.J. Trenz. 2014. Converging on Euroscepticism: Online Policy Contestation During European Parliament Elections. European Journal of Political Research 53(4): 766–783.

    Google Scholar 

  • della Porta, D., and M. Caiani. 2009. Social Movements and Europeanisation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • della Porta, D., H. Kouki, and J. Fernández. 2017, this volume. Left’s Love and Hate for Europe: Syriza, Podemos and Critical Visions of Europe During the Crisis. In Euroscepticism, Democracy and the Media. Communicating Europe, Contesting Europe, eds. M. Caiani and S. Guerra. Basingstoke: Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Di Mauro, D., and M. Fraile 2012. Who Wants More? Attitudes Towards EU Enlargement in Time of Crisis, EUDO Spotlight October. Fiesole: RSCAS, EUI. EUDO Public Opinion, available at: http://eudo-publicopinion.eui.eu

  • Di Mauro, D. 2014. Is the Honeymoon Over? Explaining Italy’s Mass Support and Opposition Towards Europe. Perspectives on European Politics and Society 15(2): 143–164.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Diez Medrano, J. 2003. Framing Europe: Attitudes to European Integration in Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • EB. 2016, ud. Eurobarometer, Public Opinion in the EU. Brussels.

    Google Scholar 

  • EB79. 2013 Eurobarometer, Public Opinion in the European Union, First Results. Brussels: European Commission. http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/eb/eb79/eb79_first_en.pdf

  • EB81. 2014. Eurobarometer, Public Opinion in the European Union, First Results. Brussels: European Commission. http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/eb/eb81/eb81_first_en.pdf

  • EB82. 2014. Standard Eurobarometer 82, Public Opinion in the European Union, First Results. Autumn, Brussels: European Commission. http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/eb/eb82/eb82_first_en.pdf

  • Ellinas, A.A. 2015. Neo-Nazism in an Established Democracy: The Persistence of Golden Dawn in Greece. South European Society and Politics 20(1): 1–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eriksen, E.O., and E.J. Fossum. 2000. Democracy in the European Union. Integration Through Deliberation? London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eurosphere. 2013. Diversity and the European Public Sphere. Towards a Citizens’ Europe. Available at: http://eurosphere.uib.no/

  • FitzGibbon, J. 2013a. Another Europe is Possible’ and the End of Euroscepticism? Addressing the Fine-Line Between Opposing Europe and Offering a Euro-Alternative. Paper Presented to the ‘Studying Euroscepticism’ Conference, Annual Conference of the Centre for Research on the European Matrix (CRonEM), 2–3 July.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2013b. Citizens Against Europe: Civil Society and Eurosceptic Protest in Denmark, Ireland and the UK. Journal of Common Market Studies 51(1): 105–121.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • FitzGibbon, J., and S. Guerra. 2010. Not Just Europeanization, Not Necessarily Populism: Potential Factors Underlying the Mobilisation of Populism in Ireland and Poland. Perspectives on European Politics and Society 11(3): 273–291.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flood, C. 2002. Euroscepticism: A Problematic Concept. Paper Presented to the UACES 32nd Annual Conference and 7th Research Conference, Queen’s University Belfast, 2–4 September.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flood, C., and S. Usherwood. 2005. Positions, Dispositions, Transitions: A Model of Group Alignment on EU Integration. Paper Presented at the 55th Annual Conference of the Political Studies Association, University of Leeds, 5–7 April.

    Google Scholar 

  • Føllesdal, A. 2004. Legitimacy Theories of the European Union, Arena Working Papers 04/15, Oslo.

    Google Scholar 

  • Føllesdal, A., and S. Hix. 2006. Why There Is a Democratic Deficit in the EU: A response to Majone and Moravcsik. Journal of Common Market Studies 44(3): 533–562.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franklin, M.N. 2002. Learning from the Danish Case: A Comment on Palle Svensson’s Critique of the Franklin Thesis. European Journal of Political Research 41(6): 751–757.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gabel, M.J. 1998. Interests and Integration. Market Liberalization, Public Opinion and European Union. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Galpin, C. and H.J. Trenz. 2017, this volume. The Spiral of Euroscepticism: Media Negativity, Framing and Opposition to the EU. In Euroscepticism, Democracy and the Media. Communicating Europe, Contesting Europe, ed. M. Caiani and S. Guerra. Basingstoke: Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guerra, S. 2013. Central and Eastern European Attitudes in the Face of Union. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2014. Desperately Seeking Voters: The 2014 Croatian EP Elections in Comparative Perspective. Paper Presented to the Conference ‘Europe After the Elections, National Implications, EU Prospects, University of Zagreb, 13–14 June.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guerra, S., and A.L.P. Pirro. 2014. Thin-Centred and Catch-All: Populism 2.0 and the Case of the 5 Star Movement in Italy. Paper Prepared for Presentation to the 2014 Annual American Political Science Association, 3–6 September, San Francisco.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guerra, S. 2016a. Distrust Unbound: What Next After Joining the EU. The Journal of Communist and Post-Communist Studies 49(3). doi:10.1016/j.postcomstud.2016.06.007.

  • ———. 2016b. On Brexit, University Reaction to Brexit Result, University of Leicester, 24 June. http://www2.le.ac.uk/news/blog/2016-archive/june/university-reaction-to-brexit-result

  • ———. 2017. What Is Euroscepticism and How Do We Measure It? In Euroscepticism in the EU: New Dimensions in Opposition to European Integration, ed. S. Usherwood, N. Startin, and S. Guerra. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, New Horizons in European Politics Series.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guerra, S., and L.M. McLaren. 2016. Public Opinion and the EU. In European Union Politics, eds. Michelle Cini and Nieves Pérez-Solórzano, 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guerra, S., and F. Serricchio. 2014. Identity and Economic Rationality: Explaining Attitudes Towards the EU in a Time of Crisis. In The European Union Beyond the Crisis: Evolving Governance, Contested Policies, Disenchanted Publics, ed. B. Stefanova, 269–294. Lanham: Lexington Books, Rowman & Littlefield.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guerrina, R., T. Exadaktylos, and S. Guerra. 2016. Brexit or Bremain: Britain and the 2016 British Referendum, Research project, University of Surrey and University of Leicester, June–July.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanley, S. 2014. Does Eastern Europe Chart a Course from Anger to Apathy? Available at: http://epern.wordpress.com/2014/06/02/does-eastern-europe-chart-a-course-from-anger-to-apathy/

  • Harmsen, R. 2005. The Dutch Referendum on the Ratification of the European Constitutional Treaty, 1 June 2005, EPERN European Parties, Elections and Referendums Network, Referendum Briefing No. 13. Falmer, Brighton: Sussex European Institute, University of Sussex. http://www.sussex.ac.uk/sei/research/europeanpartieselectionsreferendumsnetwork/epernreferendumbriefings

  • Henjak, A., G. Tóka, and D. Sanders. 2012. Support for European Integration. In Citizens and the European Polity. Mass Attitudes and National Polities, ed. D. Sanders, P.C. Magalhāes, and G. Tóka. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hooghe, L. 2007. What Drives Euroskepticism? European Union Politics 8(1): 5–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hooghe, L., and G. Marks. 2004. Does Identity or Economic Rationality Drive Public Opinion on European Integration? PS: Political Science and Politics(37)(3), pp. 415–420.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hooghe, L., and G. Marks. 2009. A Postfunctionalist Theory of European Integration: From Permissive Consensus to Constraining Dissensus. British Journal of Political Science 39(1): 1–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hooghe, L., G. Marks, and C.J. Wilson. 2002. Does Left/Right Structure Party Position on European Integration? Comparative Political Studies 35(8): 965–989.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inglehart, R. 1970. Public Opinion and Regional Integration. International Organization 24(4): 764–795.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jensen, T. 2009. The Democratic Deficit of the European Union. Living Reviews in Democracy. http://democracy.livingreviews.org/index.php/lrd/article/view/lrd-2009-2/8

  • Jones, E. 2009. Output Legitimacy and the Global Financial Crisis: Perceptions Matter. Journal of Common Market Studies 47(5): 1085–1105.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2015. Broken Europe, 4 July, http://erikjones.net/2015/07/04/broken-europe/

  • Kopecký, P., and C. Mudde. 2002. The Two Sides of Euroscepticism: Party Positions on European Integration in East Central Europe. European Union Politics 3(3): 297–326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krastev, I. 2002. The Corruption Paradox. Why Post-Communism Is/Looks More Corrupt Than Communism. http://www.colbud.hu/honesty-trust/krastev/pub02.PDF

  • Krastev, I. 2016. What’s Wrong with Central and Eastern Europe? Liberalism’s Failure to Deliver. Journal of Democracy, (27)(1), pp. 35–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kritzinger, S. 2003. The Influence of the Nation State on Individual Support for the European Union. European Union Politics 4(2): 219–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kucia, M. 1999. Public Opinion in Central Europe on EU Accession: The Czech Republic and Poland. Journal of Common Market Studies 37(1): 143–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kuhn, T. 2015. Experiencing European Integration: Transnational Lives and European Identity. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Leconte, C. 2010. Understanding Euroscepticism. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Leruth B., Y. Kutiyski, A. Krouwel, and N. J. Startin. 2017, this volume. Does the Information Source Matter? Newspaper Readership, Political Preferences and Euroscepticism in the United Kingdom, France and The Netherlands. In Euroscepticism, Democracy and the Media. Communicating Europe, Contesting Europe, eds. M. Caiani and S. Guerra. Basingstoke: Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lijphart, A. 1971. Comparative Politics and the Comparative Method. The American Political Science Review 65(3): 682–693.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mair, P. 2000. The Limited Impact of Europe on National Party Systems. West European Politics 23(4): 27–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Majone, G. 1998. Europe’s ‘Democratic Deficit: The Question of Standards. Europe Law Journal 4(1): 5–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2006. The Common Sense of European Integration. Journal of European Public Policy 13(5): 607–626.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marthaler, S. 2005. The French Referendum on the Ratification of the European Constitutional Treaty, 39 May 2005, EPERN European Parties, Elections and Referendums Network, Referendum Briefing No. 12. Falmer, Brighton: Sussex European Institute, University of Sussex. http://www.sussex.ac.uk/sei/research/europeanpartieselectionsreferendumsnetwork/epernreferendumbriefings

  • McLaren, L.M. 2006. Identity, Interests and Attitudes to European Integration. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Meny, Y. 2002. De La Démocratie en Europe: Old Concepts and New Challenges. Journal of Common Market Studies 41(1): 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michailidou, A. 2015. The Role of the Public in Shaping EU Contestation: Euroscepticism and Online News Media. International Political Science Review 36(3): 324–336.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michailidou, A., P. de Wilde, and H. J. Trenz. 2017. Euroscepticism in Online Media: Conflictual, Ambiguous, Pervasive. In Euroscepticism in the EU: New Dimensions in Opposition to European Integration, ed. S. Usherwood, N. Startin, and S. Guerra. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, New Horizons in European Politics Series.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, K. 2012. Student mobility and European Identity: Erasmus Study as a civic experience?, Journal of Contemporary European Research (8)(4), pp. 490–518.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, K. 2015. Rethinking the ‘Erasmus Effect’ on European Identity, Journal of Common Market Studies, (53)(2), pp. 330–348.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moravcsik, A. 2006. What Can We Learn from the Collapse of the European Constitutional Project? Politische Viertrljahresschrift 47(2): 219–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mudde, C. 2011. Sussex v. North Carolina. The Comparative Study of Party-Based Euroscepticism, SEI Working Paper No. 121, EPERN Working Paper No. 23. Falmer, Brighton: Sussex European Institute, University of Sussex.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ray, L. 2003. Reconsidering the Link Between Incumbent Support and Pro-EU Opinion. European Union Politics 4(3): 259–279.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt, H., and C. van der Eijk. 2008. There Is Not Much Eurosceptic Non-Voting in European Parliament Elections. In Opposing Europe? The Comparative Party Politics of Euroscepticism, ed. A. Szczerbiak and P. Taggart, vol. 2, 208–237 (Ch. 9). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitter, P.C. 2000. How to Democratize the European Union…and Why Bother? Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield.

    Google Scholar 

  • Serricchio, F., M. Tsakatika, and L. Quaglia. 2013. Euroscepticism and the Global Financial Crisis. Journal of Common Market Studies 51(1): 51–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sigalas, E. 2010. Cross-Border Mobility and European Identity: The Effectiveness of Intergroup Contact During the Erasmus Year Abroad. European Union Politics 11(2): 241–265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Startin, N., and A. Krouwel. 2013. Euroscepticism Re-galvanized: The Consequences of the 2005 French and Dutch Rejections of the EU Constitution. Journal of Common Market Studies 51(1): 65–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Statham, P., and H.J. Trenz. 2012. The Politicization of Europe: Contesting the Constitution in the Mass Media. Abingdon: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stavrakakis, Y., and G. Katsambekis. 2014. Left-Wing Populism in the European Periphery: The Case of SYRIZA. The Journal of Political Ideologies 19(2): 119–142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stefanova, B., eds. 2014. The European Union Beyond the Crisis: Evolving Governance, Contested Policies, Disenchanted Publics. Lanham: Lexington Books, Rowman & Littlefield.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sundlisæter Skinner, M. 2013. Different Varieties of Euroscepticism? Conceptualising and Explaining Euroscepticism in Western European Non-EU Member States. Journal of Common Market Studies 51(1): 122–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Szary, W., and M. Goettig. 2015. Anti-Establishment Rocker Holds Key to Reshape Poland, Reuters, 29 October. http://www.reuters.com/article/us-poland-election-kukiz-idUSKCN0SN1W620151029

  • Szczerbiak, A. 2001. Polish Public Opinion: Explaining Declining Support for EU Membership. Journal of Common Market Studies 39(1): 105–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2014. A Flash-in-the-Pan? Understanding Poland’s Congress of the Right. http://epern.wordpress.com/2014/06/12/a-flash-in-the-pan-understanding-polands-congress-of-the-new-right/

  • Szczerbiak, A., and P. Taggart. 2002. The Party Politics of Euroscepticism in EU Member States and Candidate States. SEI Working Papers No. 51. Sussex European Institute, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, available at: https://www.sussex.ac.uk/webteam/gateway/file.php?name=sei-working-paper-no-51.pdf&site=266

  • Szczerbiak, A., and P. Taggart, eds. 2008. Opposing Europe?: The Comparative Party Politics of Euroscepticism, vols. I & II, Country Surveys and Theoretical Perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taggart, P. 1998. A Touchstone of Dissent: Euroscepticism in Contemporary Western European Party Systems. European Journal of Political Research 33(3): 363–388.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2000. Populism, Buckingham. Buckingham: Open University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2006. Questions of Europe – The Domestic Politics of the 2005 French and Dutch Referendums and their Challenge for the Study of European Integration. Keynote Article, Journal of Common Market Studies 44(Suppl. s1): 7–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2012. Rethinking Populism in Contemporary Europe. Policy Network, 5 December. http://www.policy-network.net/pno_detail.aspx?ID=4298&title=Rethinking+populism+in+contemporary+Europe

  • Taggart, P. and A. Szczerbiak. 2002. The Party Politics of Euroscepticism in EU Member States and Candidate States, SEI Working Paper No. 51, Opposing Europe Research Network Working Paper No. 6. Falmer, Brighton: Sussex European Institute, University of Sussex.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2004. ‘Contemporary Euroscepticism in the Party Systems of the European Union Candidate States of Central and Eastern Europe. European Journal of Political Research 43(1): 1–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2013. Coming in from the Cold? Euroscepticism, Government Participation and Party Positions on Europe. Journal of Common Market Studies 51(1): 17–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2014. Research on Euroscepticism. UK in a Changing Europe ESRC Initiative. http://www.esrc.ac.uk/_images/executive-summary-taggart-szczerbiak_tcm8-33024.pdf

  • Thomassen, J. 2009. The Legitimacy of the European Union After Enlargement. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tilley, J., and J. Garry. 2007. Public Support for Integration in the Newly Enlarged EU: Exploring Differences Between Former Communist Countries and Established Member States. In European Elections After Eastern Enlargement. Preliminary Results of the European Elections Study 2004, CONNEX Report Series, ed. M. Marsh, S. Mikhaylov, and H. Schmitt, vol. 1, 181–204. Wiesbaden: MZES.

    Google Scholar 

  • Usherwood, S. 2013. The Shifting Focus of Opposition to the European Union. Journal of Contemporary European Research 9(2): 279–296.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2014. The Eurosceptic Paradox. Available at: http://epern.wordpress.com/2014/06/09/the-eurosceptic-paradox/

  • Usherwood, S., and N. Startin. 2013. Euroscepticism as a Persistent Phenomenon. Journal of Common Market Studies 51(1): 1–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Usherwood, S., N. Startin, and S. Guerra, eds. 2013. Confronting Euroscepticism. Journal of Common Market Studies 51(1), January. 1-168

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2017, eds. Euroscepticism in the EU: New Dimensions in Opposition to European Integration. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, New Horizons in European Politics Series.

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Brug, W., and C. van der Eijk, eds. 2007. European Elections and Domestic Politics. Lessons from the Past and Scenarios for the Future. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • van der Eijk, C., and M.N. Franklin, eds. 1996. Choosing Europe? The European Electorate and National Politics in the Face of Union. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • van Kessel, S. 2015. Populist Parties in Europe: Agents of Discontent? Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Zweifel, T.D. 2002. …Who Is Without Sin Cast the First Stone: The EU’s Democratic Deficit in Comparison. Journal of European Public Policy 9(5): 812–884.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of History, Politics and International Relations, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK

    Simona Guerra

Authors
  1. Simona Guerra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Simona Guerra .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Scuola Normale Superiore, Firenze, Italy

    Manuela Caiani

  2. University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom

    Simona Guerra

Copyright information

© 2017 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Guerra, S. (2017). Eurosceptic Voices: Beyond Party Systems, Across Civil Society. In: Caiani, M., Guerra, S. (eds) Euroscepticism, Democracy and the Media. Palgrave Studies in European Political Sociology. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59643-7_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59643-7_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-137-59642-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-137-59643-7

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation