Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Propaganda and the Wider Visual Ecology of the Era

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Propaganda and Hogarth's Line of Beauty in the First World War

  • 295 Accesses

Abstract

Gauging the Conflict Propaganda Poster within the Wider Visual Ecology explores how the rise of the pictorial poster during the First World War generated the conditions within which conflict could effectively be ‘advertised’. During the First World War the poster formed part of a larger propaganda campaign, and its position within the wider visual ecology is considered. One competing method of information-distribution is the contemporaneous reaction to artworks, in addition to propagandist messaging via the newsreel; comparison to both poster and artwork in the wider media ecology is exemplified by the 1916 documentary The Battle of the Somme. In assessing the role of each medium of visual propaganda, the emphasis remains on the pictorial trope within them, in the form of Hogarth’s line of beauty.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Sontag, S. (1999) 1970—Posters: Advertisement, Art, Political Artifact, Commodity IN: Beirut, M. et al. (Eds.) Looking Closer 3: Classic Writings on Graphic Design New York: Allworth Press 196–218 p. 196.

  2. 2.

    Clark, T. (1997) Op. Cit. p. 7.

  3. 3.

    Thompson, J. (2007) Op. Cit. p. 182.

  4. 4.

    Ibid. p. 184–5.

  5. 5.

    Baudrillard, J. (1983) Op. Cit. p. 125.

  6. 6.

    Moore, C. (2010) Op. Cit. p. 8.

  7. 7.

    O’Donnell, V.; Jowett, G. S. (2012) Op. Cit. p. 151.

  8. 8.

    Moore, C. (2010) Op. Cit. p. 9.

  9. 9.

    Ibid. p. 9.

  10. 10.

    Latour, B. (2004) Why Has Critique Run Out of Steam? From Matters of Fact to Matters of Concern Critical Inquiry 30 Winter 2004 225–48 p. 231.

  11. 11.

    Ivins, W. M. (1969) Op. Cit. p. 93.

  12. 12.

    Shesgreen, S. (Ed.) (1973) Op. Cit. p. xiv.

  13. 13.

    Ellul, J. (1973) Op. Cit. p. 104.

  14. 14.

    Shesgreen, S. (Ed.) (1973) Op. Cit. p. xiv.

  15. 15.

    Punch (1915) Supplement. March 3 1915 p. 24 Punch, Or The London Charivari: Vol. CXLVIII January–June 1915 London: The Whitefriars Press after p. 180.

  16. 16.

    Cialdini, R. B. (2007) Op. Cit. p. 156.

  17. 17.

    Baudrillard, J. (1994) Op. Cit. p. 87.

  18. 18.

    Wallas, G. (1920) Human Nature in Politics, 3rd Ed [online] 1–142 Available from http://socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca/~econ/ugcm/3ll3/wallas/humannature.pdf [accessed 14 November 2012] p. 43.

  19. 19.

    Durham Peters, J. (1997) Op. Cit. p. 10.

  20. 20.

    Bernays, E. L. (1947) Op. Cit. p. 115.

  21. 21.

    Gregg, F. J. (1918) Op. Cit. p. 94.

  22. 22.

    Baudrillard, J. (1983) Op. Cit. p. 12.

  23. 23.

    Adorno, T. (2001) Op. Cit. p. 62.

  24. 24.

    Ibid. p. 62–3.

  25. 25.

    Bernays, E. L. (1947) Op. Cit. p. 116.

  26. 26.

    Bernays, E. L. (2004) Propaganda New York: Ig Publishing p. 71.

  27. 27.

    Eksteins, M. (2000) Op. Cit. p. 181.

  28. 28.

    Ibid. p. 181.

  29. 29.

    Pinchot, G. (1915) England in War Harper’s Weekly for April 17th, 1915 [online] Available from http://www.oldmagazinearticles.com/WW1_Britain_During_World_War_One_pdf [accessed 14 March 2013] p. 1.

  30. 30.

    Sassoon, S. (1930) Op. Cit. p. 262.

  31. 31.

    Creel, G. (1920) Op. Cit. p. 4.

  32. 32.

    Ellul, J. (1964) Op. Cit. p. 367.

  33. 33.

    UNKNOWN (c1918) The Influence of the War on Art The Great War: The Standard History of the World-Wide Conflict volume CCLXIII [online] Available from http://www.oldmagazinearticles.com/pdf/WW1-Artist-Nevinson.pdf [accessed 14 March 2013] p. 2.

  34. 34.

    Ibid. p. 2.

  35. 35.

    Ibid. p. 1.

  36. 36.

    Apollinaire, G. (2001) Apollinaire on Art: Essays and Reviews 1902–1918 Trans: Suleiman, S. edited by Breunig, L. C. Boston: MFA Publications p. 222.

  37. 37.

    Ibid. p. 222.

  38. 38.

    Deleuze, G. (1993) What Is Desire? IN: Boundas, C. V. (Ed.) The Deleuze Reader New York: Columbia University Press 136–42 p. 137–38.

  39. 39.

    Dodgson, C. (1918) The Artist IN: British Artists at the Front: Part I: C. R. W. Nevinson London: ‘Country Life’ Ltd. & George Newnes Ltd. 1–4 p. 4.

  40. 40.

    Unknown (c.1918) Op. Cit. p. 2.

  41. 41.

    Gough, P. (2010) Op. Cit. p. 109 [‘The critical review appeared in The Nottingham Guardian, on 8 March 1916. The caricature illustrates an article by Louis. J. McQuilland, Tate Gallery Archive, London. footnote p. 109].

  42. 42.

    Lewis, P. W. (Ed.) (1981b) Op. Cit. p. 78.

  43. 43.

    Ibid. p. 78–9.

  44. 44.

    Sassoon, S. (1930) Op. Cit. p. 262.

  45. 45.

    Malvern, S. (2004) Op. Cit. p. 23–4.

  46. 46.

    Horkheimer, M; Adorno, T. W. (2002) Op. Cit. p. 103.

  47. 47.

    Ibid. p. 103.

  48. 48.

    Ellul, J. (1973) Op. Cit. p. 9.

  49. 49.

    Badsey, S. (2011) Mass Politics and the Western Front BBC—History—History in Depth [online] Available from http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/britain_wwone/war_media_01.shtm [accessed 14 March 2013] paragraph 18.

  50. 50.

    Ibid. paragraph 19.

  51. 51.

    Ellul, J. (1973) Op. Cit. p. 232.

  52. 52.

    Ibid. pp. 142–3.

  53. 53.

    Nevinson, C. R. W. (1937) Op. Cit. p. 80.

  54. 54.

    McKernan, L. (2012) Topical Budget: War and Propaganda BFI Screenonline [online] Available from http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/583331/index.html [accessed 15 March 2013] paragraph 5.

  55. 55.

    Ibid. paragraph 6.

  56. 56.

    Eisenstein, S. (2010) Op. Cit. p. 154.

  57. 57.

    McKernan, L. (2012) Op. Cit. paragraph 6.

  58. 58.

    Clark, T. (1997) Op. Cit. p. 103.

  59. 59.

    Badsey, S. D. (1983) Battle of the Somme: British War-Propaganda Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 3:2, 99–115 p. 101.

  60. 60.

    Ibid. p. 100.

  61. 61.

    Virilio, P. (1989) Op. Cit. p. 66.

  62. 62.

    Malvern, S. (2004) Op. Cit. p. 44.

  63. 63.

    Reeves, N. (1999) Official British Film Propaganda IN: Paris, M. (Ed.) The First World War and Popular Cinema: 1914 to the Present Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press 27–50 p. 27 and endnote p. 46.

  64. 64.

    Smither, R. (1993) ‘A Wonderful Idea of the Fighting’: The Question of Fakes in ‘The Battle of the Somme’ Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 13:2, 149–168 p. 150.

  65. 65.

    Badsey, S. D. (1983) Op. Cit. p. 104.

  66. 66.

    Messinger, G. S. (1993) Op. Cit. p. 123.

  67. 67.

    Reeves, N. (1999) Op. Cit. p. 32.

  68. 68.

    Ibid. p. 33.

  69. 69.

    The Battle of the Somme (1916, 2008) Film. Produced by William F. Jury; Cinematography by Geoffrey H. Malins & J. B. McDowell. UK: British Topical Committee for War Films. © 2008 Trustees of The Imperial War Museum/Strike Force Entertainment Ltd. time code 1:09:08

  70. 70.

    Reeves, N. (1999) Op. Cit. p. 33.

  71. 71.

    Ibid. p. 33.

  72. 72.

    Barthes, R. (1993) Op. Cit. p. 78.

  73. 73.

    Hammond, M. (2011) The Battle of the Somme (1916): An Industrial Process Film that ‘Wounds the Heart’ IN: Hammond, M; Williams, M; (Eds.) British Silent Cinema and the Great War Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan 19–38 p. 28.

  74. 74.

    Ibid. p. 30.

  75. 75.

    Ibid. p. 35.

  76. 76.

    Reeves, N. (1997) Cinema, Spectatorship and Propaganda: ‘Battle of the Somme’ (1916) and its Contemporary Audience Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 17:1, 5–28 p. 23.

  77. 77.

    Smither, R. (1993) Op. Cit. p. 149.

  78. 78.

    Sassoon, S. (1930) Op. Cit. p. 284.

  79. 79.

    Badsey, S. D. (1983) p. 111.

  80. 80.

    Clark, T. (1997) Op. Cit. p. 126.

  81. 81.

    Barthes, R. (1977) Op. Cit. p. 30.

  82. 82.

    Smither, R. (1993) Op. Cit. p. 150.

  83. 83.

    Reeves, N. (1997) Op. Cit. p. 22.

  84. 84.

    Ibid. p. 22.

  85. 85.

    Boccioni, U. (2009a) Op. Cit. p. 152.

  86. 86.

    Eksteins, M. (2000) Op. Cit. p. 236.

  87. 87.

    Eksteins, M. (1995) The Cultural Impact of the Great War IN: Dibbets, K.; Hogenkamp, B.; (Eds.) Film and the First World War Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press 201–12 p. 205.

  88. 88.

    Eksteins, M. (2000) Op. Cit. p. 214.

  89. 89.

    Ibid. p. 214.

  90. 90.

    Ibid. p. 214.

  91. 91.

    Humphreys, R. (2004) Wyndham Lewis London: Tate Publishing p. 19.

  92. 92.

    Ellul, J. (1973) Op. Cit. p. 40–1.

  93. 93.

    Ibid. p. 36, 14.

  94. 94.

    Browning, R. (1993) The Pied Piper of Hamelin; A Child’s Story New York: Alfred A. Knopf.

  95. 95.

    Cialdini, R. B. (2007) Op. Cit. p. 218.

  96. 96.

    Adorno, T. (2001) Op. Cit. p. 83.

  97. 97.

    Ibid. p. 64.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. OrgName, City, UK

    Georgina Williams

Authors
  1. Georgina Williams
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Georgina Williams .

Copyright information

© 2016 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Williams, G. (2016). Propaganda and the Wider Visual Ecology of the Era. In: Propaganda and Hogarth's Line of Beauty in the First World War. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57194-6_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57194-6_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-137-57193-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-137-57194-6

  • eBook Packages: HistoryHistory (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation