Abstract
Le ruissellement sur les terres agricoles peut avoir des effets indésirables tels que l’érosion des sols, les inondations et le transport de polluants. Afin de mieux comprendre ce phénomène et d’en limiter les conséquences, nous avons développé un code à l’aide de méthodes numériques récentes : FullSWOF (Full Shallow Water equations for Overland Flow), un code orienté objet écrit en C++. Il est libre et peut être téléchargé à partir de http://www.univ-orleans.fr/mapmo/soft/FullSWOF/. Le modèle résout le système de Saint–Venant. Les difficultés numériques viennent des nombreuses transitions sec/mouillé et de la topographie très variable rencontrée sur le terrain. Le code intègre le ruissellement, les précipitations, l’infiltration (modèle de Green-Ampt), la friction (les lois de Darcy-Weisbach et de Manning). Nous présentons d’abord la méthode numérique pour la résolution des équations en eaux peu profondes integrée dans FullSWOF_2D (la version en deux dimensions). Cette méthode repose sur le schéma de reconstruction hydrostatique, couplée à un traitement semi-implite du terme de friction. FullSWOF_2D a déjà été validé à l’aide des solutions analytiques de la bibliothèque SWASHES. FullSWOF_2D est exécuté sur des données de terrain acquises sur une parcelle située à Thiès (Sénégal). Les résultats de la simulation sont comparés avec les données mesurées. Ce banc d’essai expérimental permet de démontrer les capacités de FullSWOF à simuler l’écoulement de surface. FullSWOF pourrait également être utilisé pour d’autres problèmes environnementaux, tels que les inondations fluviales et les ruptures de barrage.
Abstract
Overland flow on agricultural fields may have some undesirable effects such as soil erosion, flood, and pollutant transport. To better understand this phenomenon and limit its consequences, we developed a code using state-of-the-art numerical methods: Full Shallow Water equations for Overland Flow (FullSWOF ), an object-oriented code written in C++. It has been made open-source and can be downloaded from http://www.univ-orleans.fr/mapmo/soft/FullSWOF/. The model is based on the classical system of shallow water (SW) (or Saint–Venant system). Numerical difficulties come from the numerous dry/wet transitions and the highly variable topography encountered inside a field. The code includes run-on and rainfall inputs, infiltration (modified Green-Ampt equation), and friction (Darcy-Weisbach and Manning formulas). First, we present the numerical method for the resolution of the SW equations integrated in FullSWOF_2D (the two-dimensional version). This method is based on hydrostatic reconstruction scheme, coupled with a semi-implicit friction term treatment. FullSWOF_2D has been previously validated using analytical solutions from the Shallow Water Analytic Solutions for Hydraulic and Environmental Studies library (SWASHES). FullSWOF_2D is run on a real topography measured on a runoff plot located in Thies (Senegal). Simulation results are compared with measured data. This experimental benchmark demonstrates the capabilities of FullSWOF to simulate adequately overland flow. FullSWOF could also be used for other environmental issues, such as river floods and dam breaks.
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This work was partially supported by ANR grant “METHODE” #ANR-07-BLAN-0232.
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Delestre, O. et al. (2014). FullSWOF: A Software for Overland Flow Simulation. In: Gourbesville, P., Cunge, J., Caignaert, G. (eds) Advances in Hydroinformatics. Springer Hydrogeology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4451-42-0_19
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