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Fungal Hydrophobins and Their Self-Assembly into Functional Nanomaterials

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Biological and Bio-inspired Nanomaterials

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1174))

Abstract

In recent years, much attention has focused on incorporating biological and bio-inspired nanomaterials into various applications that range from functionalising surfaces and enhancing biomolecule binding properties, to coating drugs for improved bioavailability and delivery. Hydrophobin proteins, which can spontaneously assemble into amphipathic layers at hydrophobic:hydrophilic interfaces, are exciting candidates for use as nanomaterials. These unique proteins, which are only expressed by filamentous fungi, have been the focus of increasing interest from the biotechnology industry, as evidenced by the sharply growing number of hydrophobin-associated publications and patents. Here, we explore the contribution of different hydrophobins to supporting fungal growth and development. We describe the key structural elements of hydrophobins and the molecular characteristics that underlie self-assembly of these proteins at interfaces. We outline the multiple roles that hydrophobins can play in supporting aerial growth of filamentous structures, facilitating spore dispersal and preventing an immune response in the infected host. The growing understanding of the hydrophobin protein structure and self-assembly process highlights the potential for hydrophobin proteins to be engineered for use in a variety of novel applications that require biocompatible coatings.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Australian Research Council in the form of Discovery Grants DP120100756 and DP150104227 to MS, which have supported research into the structure and properties of hydrophobin proteins. VL and JL are supported by Australian Postgraduate Awards. We also thank Dr. Ann Kwan for her contributions to this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Discipline of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Victor Lo, Jennifer I-Chun Lai & Margaret Sunde

  2. Sydney Nano, NSW, Australia

    Victor Lo, Jennifer I-Chun Lai & Margaret Sunde

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  1. Victor Lo
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  2. Jennifer I-Chun Lai
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  3. Margaret Sunde
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Correspondence to Margaret Sunde .

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  1. National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Sarah Perrett

  2. Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark DTU, Lyngby, Denmark

    Alexander K. Buell

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

    Tuomas P.J. Knowles

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Lo, V., I-Chun Lai, J., Sunde, M. (2019). Fungal Hydrophobins and Their Self-Assembly into Functional Nanomaterials. In: Perrett, S., Buell, A., Knowles, T. (eds) Biological and Bio-inspired Nanomaterials. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1174. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9791-2_5

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