Abstract
In the 1990s, the research literature, such as New Horizons? Third World Industrialization in an International Framework, was concentrating on the Industrialization of Singapore, South Korea and some other active sites in Asia. However, the openness to international trade in the past thirty years has expanded Chinese industrialization nationwide, and domestic industries such as electrical household appliances, automobile, textile, IT and new energy have emerged.
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Notes
- 1.
Robert N. Gwynne, New Horizons? Third World Industrialisation in an International Framework, Longman Scientific & Technical, Longman Group UK Ltd., 1990, p. 10.
- 2.
T. S. Ashton, The Industrial Revolution 1760–1830, Oxford University Press, 1948, p. 2.
- 3.
Ibid., p. 15.
- 4.
Ibid., pp. 16–17.
- 5.
Ibid., pp. 28–29.
- 6.
Yufeng Yang, ‘The Firstly Chinese Domestic Industrialist—Qiyuan Chen’, China Green Newspaper, 2004, Issue 10.
- 7.
In late nineteenth century, women working in the society were regarded as a very disgraceful phenomenon in their families. In Guangdong Province, it was a common worry among the people if their female relative left their home and work outside and stayed overnight at the factory accommodation. See Tianjie Chen and Qiutong Chen, ‘The Firstly Steam Machine Silk Factory Ji Chang Long and Its Establisher Qiyuan Chen’, Guangdong Literature and History Collection, 1962, Issue 2, p. 60.
- 8.
Yufeng Yang, op. cit.
- 9.
Ibid.
- 10.
Maoyuan Zhang and Zeqi Qiu, ‘Why Did Some Technology Application Fail?—A Comparative Study of Filature Industry in Changjiang River Delta and the Pearl River Delta’, China Social Science, 2009, Issue 1, p. 127.
- 11.
Ibid., p. 128.
- 12.
T. S. Ashton, op. cit., pp. 28–29.
- 13.
Ibid., p. 93.
- 14.
Joel Mokyr, The Gifts of Athena: Historical Origins of the Knowledge Economy, 2002, Princeton University Press, p. 29.
- 15.
Harold Irivin Dutton, The Patent System and Inventive Activity during the Industrial Revolution 1750–1852, Manchester University Press, 1984, p. 1.
- 16.
Christine Macleod and Alessendro Nuvolari, ‘Patent and Industrialization—A Historical Overview of the British Case 1624–1907, p. 8, the official website of SSRN.com, 25 December 2010. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2019844.
- 17.
Ibid.
- 18.
In his 1984 book The Patent System and Inventive Activity during the Industrial Revolution, Harold Irvin Dutton designed a chart which displayed the yearly English patent sealed from 1750 to 1851. To analyse the increase of patent sealed during this century, the author of this book referred Dutton’s chart and statistics and designed a chart selecting the number of patent sealed in every 10 years. The statistics of this new chart are cited from Harold Irivin Dutton, op. cit., p. 2.
- 19.
Ibid., p. 39.
- 20.
Ibid., p. 85.
- 21.
Yunchu Wu Yunchu Wu (1891–1953), a Chinese chemist and entrepreneur.
- 22.
Guoyong Fu, ‘The King of MSG—Yunchu Wu’, The History of Creating Wealth, National Economic and Financial News official website, 7 March 2011. http://www.ennweekly.com/2011/0307/694.html.
- 23.
Ibid.
- 24.
Ibid.
- 25.
Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) is the sodium salt of the common amino acid glutamic acid. Glutamic acid is naturally present in our bodies, and in many foods and food additives. US Food and Drug Administration, ‘Questions and Answers on Monosodium Glutamate’, Food Additives & Ingredients, official website of U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 19 November 2012.https://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/foodadditivesingredients/ucm328728.htm.
- 26.
Ibid.
- 27.
Ibid.
- 28.
Shanghai Archive, History of Yunchu Wu’s Enterprises—The Volume of Heavenly Cooking MSG Factory, Documents Publishing Press, 1992, p. 2.
- 29.
Ibid., pp. 43, 46, and 47.
- 30.
Ibid.
- 31.
Jianlin Guo, ‘The Transition of Chinese Contemporary Society—Beiyang Government Period’, Historical Education, Issue 2, 2002, p. 43.
- 32.
Jicang Yi, ‘The Important Milestone of Chinese Contemporary Economic Law—The Economic Legislation of Beiyang Government’, Social Science in Guizhou, Volume 189, Issue 3, 2004, p. 99.
- 33.
Ibid.
- 34.
Ibid.
- 35.
Ibid., p. 100.
- 36.
The statistics are cited from Harold Irivin Dutton, op. cit., p. 2.
- 37.
Ibid., p. 21.
- 38.
Ibid.
- 39.
Ke Chen, ‘The Economic Force Before the AntiJapanese War’, Journal of Changsha University, Volume 25, Issue 1, 2011, p. 80.
- 40.
Ibid.
- 41.
Yuzhuo An, ‘The Comparative Analysis of Chinese Patent Application’, Management of Science and Technology, Volume 9, 1999, p. 23.
- 42.
Ibid.
- 43.
The Research Centre of IP Development of CNIPA (Maoshen Jin edit.), The Patent Analysis in the Wind Power Generation, 2012, China IP Publishing House, p. 49.
- 44.
Ibid.
- 45.
Ibid., p. 50.
- 46.
Ibid.
- 47.
Ibid., p. 51.
- 48.
Ibid., p. 50.
- 49.
Colin Kirkpatrick, N. Lee and Frederick Nixson, Industrial Structure and Policy in Less Developed Countries, George P. Allen and Unwin, 1984, p. 197.
- 50.
Ibid.
- 51.
Peter Howard Corne, Foreign Investment in China—The Administrative Legal System, Hong Kong University Press, 1977, pp. 33–34.
- 52.
Article 1, Chinese Patent Law 1984.
- 53.
Article 18, Implementing Regulations 1985 of Chinese Patent Law.
- 54.
Ron Matthews and Yan Zhang, ‘The Great Leap Upward’, Financial Management, 2004, p. 16.
- 55.
Ibid.
- 56.
Ibid.
- 57.
Jing Lei, The Change of the Global Role—Chinese Investment Abroad is Almost the Same with the Amounts of FDI in China, Can Kao Xiao Xi, 18 November 2014. http://finance.cankaoxiaoxi.com/2014/1118/568504.shtml.
- 58.
Ibid.
- 59.
Ibid.
- 60.
Ibid.
- 61.
Ibid.
- 62.
Feng Leng, ‘Artistic Synusium Creates Urban Creative Group’, Entrepreneur World, Issue 2, 2006, p. 36.
- 63.
Richard Florida, The Rise of the Creative Class—And How It’s Transforming Work, Leisure, Community and Everyday Life, Basic Books, 2002, p. 8.
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Zhang, N. (2020). A Brief History of Chinese Innovation. In: A Confucian Analysis on the Evolution of Chinese Patent Law System. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9027-2_2
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