Abstract
With the continuous development of stem cell research in recent years, it is realized that stem cell aging may be the core issue of organ aging. As an important approach and main content of regenerative medicine, the stem cell research brings great hope to overcome difficult diseases and improve the quality of life for human beings and become the key to solve this issue. Based on this research, the varying characteristics of stem cells in aging could be recognized; the role of stem cells in the organ aging and regeneration will be revealed; the function of stem cells will be controllable and regulatable in tissues and organs; the stem cells from tissues and organs with rapid or slow cell renewal (e.g., liver and neuron) could be continuously observed from the levels of cellular molecules and dynamic complex. With the assistance of systematical research approaches, the function and mechanism studies can be conducted via multi-perspectives and levels during the different stages of organ aging and regeneration. All of the abovementioned requires great efforts to thoroughly understand the basic rule and the way of stem cell regulation in organ aging and regeneration. Final to the end, the dream of antiaging, efficient repair, and organ remodeling could be realized and also can meet the major needs of population health and disease treatment in our country, meaningfully to contribute benefits for the health of human beings.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
De Jager PL, Srivastava G, Lunnon K, Burgess J, Schalkwyk LC, Yu L, Eaton ML, Keenan BT, Ernst J, McCabe C (2014) Alzheimer’s disease: early alterations in brain DNA methylation at ANK1, BIN1, RHBDF2 and other loci. Nat Neurosci 17(9):1156–1163
di Fagagna FDA (2008) Living on a break: cellular senescence as a DNA-damage response. Nat Rev Cancer 8(7):512–522
Di Wang F, Wei B, Kong LW, Zhao FJ, Guo JS, Jing NH (2001) Maternal zinc deficiency impairs brain nestin expression in prenatal and postnatal mice. Cell Res 11(2):135–141
Gattazzo F, Urciuolo A, Bonaldo P (2014) Extracellular matrix: a dynamic microenvironment for stem cell niche. Biochim Biophys Acta 1840(8):2506–2519
He S, Cao Q, Qiu Y, Mi J, Zhang JZ, Jin M, Ge H, Emerson SG, Zhang Y, Zhang Y (2008) A new approach to the blocking of alloreactive T cell-mediated graft-versus-host disease by in vivo administration of anti-CXCR3 neutralizing antibody. J Immunol 181(11):7581–7592
Itoh T, Miyajima A (2014) Liver regeneration by stem/progenitor cells. Hepatology 59(4):1617–1626
Jaitin DA, Kenigsberg E, Keren-Shaul H, Elefant N, Paul F, Zaretsky I, Mildner A, Cohen N, Jung S, Tanay A (2014) Massively parallel single-cell RNA-seq for marker-free decomposition of tissues into cell types. Science 343(6172):776–779
Jin Z, Kirilly D, Weng C, Kawase E, Song X, Smith S, Schwartz J, Xie T (2008) Differentiation-defective stem cells outcompete normal stem cells for niche occupancy in the Drosophila ovary. Cell Stem Cell 2(1):39–49
Kim MJ, Kim MH, Kim SA, Chang JS (2008) Age-related deterioration of hematopoietic stem cells. Int J Stem Cells 1(1):55–63
Kollman C, Howe CWS, Anasetti C, Antin JH, Davies SM, Filipovich AH, Hegland J, Kamani N, Kernan NA, King R, Ratanatharathorn V, Weisdorf D, Confer DL (2001) Donor characteristics as risk factors in recipients after transplantation of bone marrow from unrelated donors: the effect of donor age. Blood 98(7):2043
Lebel M, de Souza-Pinto NC, Bohr VA (2011) Metabolism, genomics, and DNA repair in the mouse aging liver. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res 2011:859415
Li C, Kong Y, Wang H, Wang S, Yu H, Liu X, Yang L, Jiang X, Li L, Li L (2009) Homing of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells mediated by sphingosine 1-phosphate contributes to liver fibrosis. J Hepatol 50(6):1174–1183
Lin Y, Chen Y, Wang Y, Yang J, Zhu VF, Liu Y, Cui X, Chen L, Yan W, Jiang T, Hergenroeder GW, Fletcher SA, Levine JM, Kim DH, Tandon N, Zhu J-J, Li M (2013) ZIP4 is a novel molecular marker for glioma. Neuro-Oncol 15(8):1008–1016
Massagué J, Xi Q (2012) TGF-β control of stem cell differentiation genes. FEBS Lett 586(14):1953–1958
Mavila N, James D, Utley S, Cu N, Coblens O, Mak K, Rountree CB, Kahn M, Wang KS (2012) Fibroblast growth factor receptor-mediated activation of AKT-β-catenin-CBP pathway regulates survival and proliferation of murine hepatoblasts and hepatic tumor initiating stem cells. PLoS One 7(11):e50401
Mayack SR, Shadrach JL, Kim FS, Wagers AJ (2010) Systemic signals regulate ageing and rejuvenation of blood stem cell niches. Nature 463(7280):495–500
Molofsky AV, Slutsky SG, Joseph NM, He S, Pardal R, Krishnamurthy J, Sharpless NE, Morrison SJ (2006) Increasing p16INK4a expression decreases forebrain progenitors and neurogenesis during ageing. Nature 443(7110):448–452
Murga M, Bunting S, Montaña MF, Soria R, Mulero F, Cañamero M, Lee Y, McKinnon PJ, Nussenzweig A, Fernandez-Capetillo O (2009) A mouse model of ATR-Seckel shows embryonic replicative stress and accelerated aging. Nat Genet 41(8):891–898
Nguyen S, Meletis K, Fu D, Jhaveri S, Jaenisch R (2007) Ablation of de novo DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a in the nervous system leads to neuromuscular defects and shortened lifespan. Dev Dyn 236(6):1663–1676
Niedernhofer LJ, Garinis GA, Raams A, Lalai AS, Robinson AR, Appeldoorn E, Odijk H, Oostendorp R, Ahmad A, Van Leeuwen W (2006) A new progeroid syndrome reveals that genotoxic stress suppresses the somatotroph axis. Nature 444(7122):1038–1043
Nishino J, Kim I, Chada K, Morrison SJ (2008) Hmga2 promotes neural stem cell self-renewal in young, but not old, mice by reducing p16(Ink4a) and p19(Arf) expression. Cell 135(2):227–239
Ritschka B, Storer M, Mas A, Heinzmann F, Ortells MC, Morton JP, Sansom OJ, Zender L, Keyes WM (2017) The senescence-associated secretory phenotype induces cellular plasticity and tissue regeneration. Genes Dev 31(2):172–183
Rossi DJ, Jamieson CHM, Weissman IL (2008) Stems cells and the pathways to aging and cancer. Cell 132(4):681–696
Rubin JP, Aghamohammadi S (2003) Mesenchymal stem cells. Aesthet Surg J 23:504–506
Singh SK, Clarke ID, Terasaki M, Bonn VE, Hawkins C, Squire J, Dirks PB (2003) Identification of a cancer stem cell in human brain tumors. Cancer Res 63(18):5821
Skowronskakrawczyk D, Zhao L, Zhu J, Weinreb RN, Cao G, Luo J, Flagg K, Patel S, Wen C, Krupa M (2015) P16INK4a upregulation mediated by SIX6 defines retinal ganglion cell pathogenesis in glaucoma. Mol Cell 59(6):931–940
Suzuki A, Iwama A, Miyashita H, Nakauchi H, Taniguchi H (2003) Role for growth factors and extracellular matrix in controlling differentiation of prospectively isolated hepatic stem cells. Development 130(11):2513–2524
Swindell WR, Masternak MM, Kopchick JJ, Conover CA, Bartke A, Miller RA (2009) Endocrine regulation of heat shock protein mRNA levels in long-lived dwarf mice. Mech Ageing Dev 130(6):393–400
Xu G, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Roberts AI, Shi Y (2009) C/EBPβ mediates synergistic upregulation of gene expression by interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cells 27(4):942–948
Zhu L, Ji F, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Zhang JZ, Matsushima K, Cao Q, Zhang Y (2006) Synovial autoreactive T cells in rheumatoid arthritis resist IDO-mediated inhibition. J Immunol 177(11):8226–8233
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Xie, H., Zhao, S., Liu, S. (2018). Aging of Human Adult Stem Cells. In: Wang, Z. (eds) Aging and Aging-Related Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1086. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1117-8_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1117-8_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-1116-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-1117-8
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)