Skip to main content

The Role of Racial-Ethnic Identity to the Educational Engagement of Culturally Diverse Gifted New Zealand Adolescents

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Giftedness and Talent

Abstract

As part of a wider doctoral project examining the role of racial-ethnic identity in academic engagement, this qualitative study considered this issue among 31 gifted Year 9 early adolescents (aged 13–14 years) who attended large, multi-ethnic urban schools in Auckland, New Zealand. The study sought to understand the role that racial-ethnic identity played in the academic, social and interpersonal lives of culturally diverse gifted adolescents. The researcher interviewed gifted Pākehā, Māori, Samoan and Chinese students and examined, from their diverse perspectives, what their racial-ethnic identities meant for them in the school context and what they did to persist, thrive and achieve at school. The study question was ‘How do gifted adolescents from diverse racial-ethnic groups organise their developing psychological capacities in conjunction with the evolving social, cultural, racial-ethnic and historical circumstances of their lives?’ Identifying the coping strategies they employed was important because it offered an insight into the ways other culturally diverse gifted students might stay engaged and perform well in school, develop positive peer relationships, be resilient and feel positive about themselves, their racial-ethnic identity and their gifted futures.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Pākehā are New Zealanders of European descent.

  2. 2.

    Māori are the indigenous people of New Zealand.

References

  • Altschul, I., Oyserman, D., & Bybee, D. (2006). Racial-ethnic identity in mid-adolescence: content and change as predictors of academic achievement. Child Development, 77(5), 1155–1169.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anae, M., Coxon, E., Mara, D., Wendt-Samu, T., Finau, C. (2001). Pasifika education research guidelines. Retrieved from https://www.educationcounts.govt.nz/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/7669/pacrsch--guide.pdf

  • Aronson, J., & Juarez, L. (2012). Growth mindsets in the laboratory and the real world. In R. F. Subotnik, A. Robinson, C. M. Callahan & E. J. Gubbins (Eds.), Malleable minds: translating insights from psychology and neuroscience to gifted education (pp. 19–36). Storrs: University of Connecticut, National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baumeister, R. F., Hamilton, J. C., & Tice, D. M. (1985). Public versus private expectancy of success: confidence booster or performance pressure? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48(6), 1447.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bishop, J. H., Bishop, M., Bishop, M., Gelbwasser, L., Green, S., Peterson, E., & Zuckerman, A. (2004). Why we harass nerds and freaks: a formal theory of student culture and norms. Journal of School Health, 74(7), 235–251.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brulles, D., Castellano, J. A., & Laing, P. C. (2011). Identifying and enfranchising gifted English language learners. In J. A. Castellano & A. D. Frasier (Eds.), Special populations in gifted education: understanding our most able students from diverse backgrounds (pp. 305–313). Waco: Prufrock Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carter, P. (2003). “Black” cultural capital, status positioning, and schooling conflicts for low-income African American youth. Social Problems, 50(1), 136–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carter, P. (2005). Keepin’ it real: school success beyond Black and White. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carter, P. (2010). Race and cultural flexibility among students in different multiracial schools. The Teachers College Record, 112(6), 1–2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castellano, J. A. & Frazier, A. D. (Eds.) (2011). Special populations in gifted education. Waco: Prufrock Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cheryan, S., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2000). When positive stereotypes threaten intellectual performance: the psychological hazards of “model minority” status. Psychological Science, 11(5), 399–402.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cross, T. L., Coleman, L. J., & Stewart, R. A. (1993). The social cognition of gifted adolescents: an exploration of the stigma of giftedness paradigm. Roeper Review, 16(1), 37–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cross, W., & Cross, T. (2008). Theory, research, and models. In S. Quintana & C. McKown (Eds.), Handbook of race, racism and the developing child (pp. 154–181). Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, A. (1996). Making and molding identity in schools: student narratives on race, gender, and academic engagement. Albany: State University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doucet, F., & Suárez-Orozco, C. (2006). Ethnic identity and schooling: the experiences of Haitian immigrant youth. In L. Romanucci-Ross, G. DeVos & T. Tsuda (Eds.), Ethnic identity: problems and prospects for the twenty-first century (pp. 163–188). New York: Altamira Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duckworth, A. L., Kirby, T. A., Tsukayama, E., Berstein, H., & Ericsson, K. A. (2011). Deliberate practice spells success: why grittier competitors triumph at the National Spelling Bee. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2, 174–181.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Durie, M. (2005). Race and ethnicity in public policy: does it work? Social Policy Journal of New Zealand, 24, 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dweck, C. S. (2006). Mindsets: the psychology of success. New York: Ballantine.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eccles, J. S. (2006). A motivational perspective on school achievement: taking responsibility for learning, teaching, and supporting. In R. J. Sternberg & R. F. Subotnik (Eds.), Optimizing student success with the other three Rs: reasoning, resilience and responsibility (pp. 199–224). Greenwich: Information Age.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson, A. (2001). Bad boys: public schools in the making of black masculinity. Ann Arbour: University of Michigan Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ford, D. Y. (2011). Multicultural gifted education. 2nd ed. Waco: Prufrock Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ford, D., Grantham, T., & Moore, J. (2006). Essentializing identity development in the education of students of color. In H. R. Milner & E. W. Ross (Eds.), Race, ethnicity and education (pp. 3–18). Westport: Praeger.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ford, D., Grantham, T., & Whiting, G. (2008). Another look at the achievement gap: learning from the experiences of gifted Black students. Urban Education, 43, 216–239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fordham, S. (1996). Blacked out: dilemmas of ethnic identity, identity, and success at capital high. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Good, C. (2012). Reformulation the talent equation: implications for gifted students’ sense of belonging and achievement. In R. F. Subotnik, A. Robinson, C. M. Callahan & E. J. Gubbins (Eds.), Malleable minds: translating insights from psychology and neuroscience to gifted education (pp. 37–54). Storrs: University of Connecticut, National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, S. (2009). Giftedness in adolescence: African American gifted youth and their challenges from a motivational perspective. In F. D. Horowitz, R. F. Subotnik & D. J. Matthews (Eds.), The development of giftedness and talent across the life span (pp. 109–129). Washington: American Psychological Association.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Grossman, J., & Charmaraman, L. (2009). Race, context, and privilege: white Adolescents’ explanations of racial-ethnic centrality. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 38(2), 139–152.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hallinan, M., & Teixeira, R. (1987). Opportunities and constraints: Black-White differences in the formation of interracial friendships. Child Development, 58(5), 1358–1371.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hébert, T. P. (1996). Portraits of resilience: the urban life experience of gifted Latino young men. Roeper Review, 19, 82–90.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hébert, T. P. (1998). Gifted Black males in an urban high school: Factors that influence achievement and underachievement. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 21(4), 385–414.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hong, Y., Morris, M., Chiu, C., & Benet-Martinez, V. (2000). Multicultural minds: a dynamic constructivist approach to culture and cognition. American Psychologist, 55(7), 709–720.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knowles, E., & Peng, K. (2005). White selves: conceptualizing and measuring a dominant-group identity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89(2), 223–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • LaFromboise, T., Coleman, H., & Gerton, J. (1993). Psychological impact of biculturalism: Evidence and theory. Psychological Bulletin, 114(3), 395–412.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lerner, R., & Galambos, N. (1998). Adolescent development: challenges and opportunities for research, programs, and policies. Annual Review of Psychology, 49(1), 413–446.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Macfarlane, A., Webber, M., Cookson-Cox, C. McRae, H. (2014). Ka Awatea: An iwi case study of Māori students’ success. [Manuscript]. Auckland: University of Auckland. Retrieved from http://www.maramatanga.co.nz/projects_publications

  • Masten, A., & Coatsworth, J. (1998). The development of competence in favorable and unfavorable environments: lessons from research on successful children. American Psychologist, 53(2), 205–220.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Education. (2011). New Zealand education. Wellington: Ministry of Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ministry of Social Development. (2010). The social report. Wellington: Ministry of Social Development.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogbu, J. (1992). Understanding cultural diversity and learning. Educational Researcher, 21(8), 5–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ogbu, J. (1997). Understanding the school performance of urban Blacks: some essential background knowledge. In H. Walberg, O. Reyes & R. Weissberg (Eds.), Children and youth, interdisciplinary perspectives: issues in children’s and families’ lives (pp. 190–222). Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oyserman, D., Brickman, D., & Rhodes, M. (2007). Racial ethnic identity: content and consequences for African American, Latino and Latina youth. In A. Fuligni (Ed.), Contesting stereotypes and creating identities: social categories, social identities and educational participation (pp. 91–114). New York: Russell Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oyserman, D., Gant, L., & Ager, J. (1995). A socially contextualized model of African American identity: possible selves and school persistence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69(6), 1216–1232.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oyserman, D., Kemmelmeier, M., Fryberg, S., Brosh, H., & Hart-Johnson, T. (2003). Racial-ethnic self-schemas. Social Psychology Quarterly, 66(4), 333–347.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phinney, J., & Devich-Navarro, M. (1997). Variations in bicultural identification among African American and Mexican American adolescents. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 7(1), 3–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Phinney, J., & Ong, A. (2007). Conceptualisation and measurement of ethnic identity: current status and future directions. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 54(3), 271–281.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rutter, M. (1979). Protective factors in children’s responses to stress and disadvantage. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, 8(3), 324–338.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siddle-Walker, E. (1996). Their highest potential: an African American school community in the segregated south. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Steele, C. (1997). A threat in the air: how stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance. American Psychologist, 52(6), 613–629.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Steele, C. (2004). A threat in the air: how stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance. In J. Banks & C. Banks (Eds.), Handbook of research on multicultural education (pp. 682–699). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Steele, C., & Aronson, J. (1995). Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 69, 797–811.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Subotnik, R. F., Olszewski-Kubilius, P., & Worrell, F. C. (2011). Rethinking giftedness and gifted education: a proposed direction forward based on psychological science. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 12(1), 3–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sussman, N. (2000). The dynamic nature of cultural identity throughout cultural transitions: why home is not so sweet. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 4(4), 355–373.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swiatek, M. A. (2001). Social coping among gifted high school students and its relationship to self-concept. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 30, 19–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trueba, H. (2002). Multiple ethnic, racial, and cultural identities in action: from marginality to a new cultural capital in modern society. Journal of Latinos and Education, 1(1), 7–28.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turner, H., Rubie-Davies, C. M., & Webber, M. (2015). Teacher expectations, ethnicity and the achievement gap. New Zealand Journal of Educational Studies, 50(1), 55–69.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Vos, G., & Suárez-Orozco, M. (1990). Status inequality: the self in culture. Newbury Park: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webber, M. (2008). Walking the space between: identity and Māori/Pākehā. Wellington: New Zealand Council for Educational Research Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webber, M. (2011a). Identity matters: racial-ethnic representations among adolescents attending multi-ethnic high schools. Unpublished PhD thesis. Auckland: University of Auckland.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webber, M. J. (2011b). Gifted and proud: on being academically exceptional and Maori. In P. Whitinui (Ed.), Ka tangi te tītī: permission to speak: successful schooling for Māori students in the 21st century (pp. 227–241). Wellington: New Zealand Council for Educational Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webber, M., McKinley, E., & Hattie, J. (2013). The importance of race and ethnicity: an exploration of New Zealand Pākehā, Māori, Samoan and Chinese adolescent identity. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 42(1), 43–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weinstein, R. (2002). Reaching higher: the power of expectations in schooling. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Werner, E. (1993). Risk, resilience, and recovery: perspective from the Kauai longitudinal study. Development and Psychopathology, 5(4), 503–515.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Werner, E. (2000). Protective factors and individual resilience. In J. P. Shonkoff & S. J. Meisels (Eds.), Handbook of early childhood intervention (pp. 115–133). New York: Cambridge University Press.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • White, C., & Burke, P. (1987). Ethnic role identity among Black and White college students: an interactionist approach. Sociological Perspectives, 30(3), 310–331.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Worrell, F. C. (2007). Ethnic identity, academic achievement, and global self-concept in four groups of academically talented adolescents. Gifted Child Quarterly, 51, 23–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yasui, M., & Dishion, T. (2007). The ethnic context of child and adolescent problem behavior: implications for child and family interventions. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 10(2), 137–179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Melinda Webber .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Webber, M. (2017). The Role of Racial-Ethnic Identity to the Educational Engagement of Culturally Diverse Gifted New Zealand Adolescents. In: Ballam, N., Moltzen, R. (eds) Giftedness and Talent. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6701-3_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6701-3_12

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-10-6700-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-10-6701-3

  • eBook Packages: EducationEducation (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics