Abstract
Proper groundwater recharging may drastically change the scenario of groundwater availability of the area. It needs appropriate groundwater recharge locations, which can be prepared by using satellite data and GIS. Eight blocks of five districts including Bemetara in Chhattisgarh are reported to be semi-critical. Average groundwater development of Bemetara district is reported to be 63.24%. Looking to the need of groundwater recharge plan for Bemetara district a study on groundwater recharge planning was carried out in the Department of Soil and Water Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering, IGKV, Raipur. Accordingly, thematic maps were superimposed to identify the appropriate locations for artificial groundwater recharge structures. Various thematic maps including district and block boundaries, drainage, slope, soil texture, lineaments, geology and water level depth were generated in the environment of GIS. A satellite image, IRS P6 LISS IV, was classified using supervised classification method to generated land use map of the area. Different structures and their sizes were decided on the basis of topography and drainage pattern. The upper, middle and lower reaches of drainage lines were considered for different sizes of check dam. The site for percolation tank was identified for groundwater recharge. The field survey of study areas was also carried out to find out the suitability of proposed artificial groundwater recharge structures. It is concluded that suitable sites for artificial recharge structures in these districts were found to be 68%. Finally, 130 locations for check dam and 59 locations for percolation tank in Bemetara district were identified. The subsurface storage space was estimated on the basis of thickness of available vadose zone. The vadose zone of 285 Mm3 is available for artificial recharge in the Bemetara district. The volume of water required for artificial recharge was found to be 379 Mm3 for this district. It was found that sufficient volume of water required for artificial recharge is available. Availability of source water to recharge the subsurface reservoir were found to be 1099 Mm3 in the form of non-committed surplus run-off out of which 30% (329.67 Mm3) is considered as surplus monsoon run-off which is available for artificial recharge.
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Tripathi, M.P., Khalkho, D., Katre, P., Khakha, J., Tiwari, P. (2018). Development of Groundwater Recharge Plan for Bemetara District of Chhattisgarh Using GIS. In: Singh, V., Yadav, S., Yadava, R. (eds) Groundwater. Water Science and Technology Library, vol 76. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5789-2_7
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